The central idea of the article refers to the main views on life expressed by remembering people, narrating, describing scenery, writing things, or agreeing, opposing, praising or criticizing.
In narrative, it is very important to establish the central idea. Yao Nai, a writer in Qing Dynasty, said: "Those who are beautiful in poetry and prose must have good thoughts." The central idea is the soul of the article. Only when the central idea is established can the article be written with spirit.
The central idea of the article must be clear and concentrated. Different, which means that the evaluation of the article must be clear and not vague; Concentration means organizing all the materials organically and concentrating on a central idea.
The central idea of a good narrative should not only be clear and concentrated, but also be novel and profound. Articles, especially the composition in the examination room, are the most taboo. Such a composition can easily make the marking teacher feel bored or even bored, and will not get too high a score. On the other hand, if a novel and profound article emerges in the "sameness", it will get excellent results even if it is not first-class in other aspects.
2. Find the center of the work. I passed away in the past. In the cold winter, it was raining and snowing, and a retired recruiter was walking home alone.
The road is rugged, hungry and thirsty; But the border is getting farther and farther, and the towns are getting closer and closer. At the moment, he looks at his hometown and looks back on the past and the present, but his thoughts are complicated and mixed.
Hard military life, fierce battle scenes, countless times to climb to the top of the mountain, scenes reappeared in front of me. Picking Wei is such an ancient chess piece three thousand years ago, and it is a work of reminiscence and sigh on the way home.
Its category belongs to Xiaoya, but it is very similar to the national style. The whole poem consists of six chapters, divided into three layers.
Since it is a memory on the way home, I will write it in flashback. The first three chapters are one layer, recalling homesickness and describing the reasons for being unable to return.
The first four sentences of these three chapters express homesickness and yearning for home in a step-by-step way. Over time, this kind of mood has become more and more urgent and unbearable. The first sentence begins with picking the EU, but the EU is both prosperous and rich.
Because Osmunda japonica is edible, the guards are picking Osmunda japonica to satisfy their hunger. Therefore, this casual sentence is a verbal prospect, reflecting the hardships of the soldiers guarding the border.
The "picking Wei" of frontier soldiers is indistinguishable from the "picking flies" and "picking mulberry" of women in their hometown. Garrison is not only hard, but also long.
Step by step, Wei Yeting Stop, Soft Stop and Just Stop vividly describe the growth process of Osmunda japonica from breaking ground to germination, to tender seedlings, and then to hard stems and leaves. Together with "the year can't stop" and "the year can't stop", it means the passage of time and the long-term garrison. At dusk at the beginning of the year, things change, "I will go back to my hometown", but I have not returned for a long time; How can a guard who is always in danger of his life not be "worried"?
So, why is it so difficult to return to the garrison? The last four sentences are explained layer by layer: being far away from home is because of the suffering of armadillos; Because of frequent wars, the garrison is uncertain; There is no time to rest, because there is no end to kings. The root cause is the "ghost cause".
Hanshu? Xiongnu Biography said: "When the King (Zhou) was taken, the royal family declined, and Rong Di invaded China. China suffered from it, and the poet started it. When I am sick, I sing:' It' s embarrassing to break the family and die.' "
This can be regarded as the background of the work "Picking Wei". For the suffering of armadillos, ordinary people have the responsibility to guard the service.
In this way, on the one hand, it is homesickness complex, on the other hand, it is fighting consciousness. The first three chapters are intertwined with personal homesickness and the sense of responsibility for going to disaster for the country, which are two contradictory and equally true thoughts and feelings.
In fact, this also constitutes the emotional tone of the whole poem, but personal homesickness and sense of responsibility for fighting have different manifestations in different chapters. The fourth and fifth chapters describe the tense life of marching operations.
He wrote about the strength of military capabilities and the strictness of vigilance, and the whole article did this. Its emotional appeal has also changed from sad homesickness to passionate fighting.
These two chapters and four sentences have the same meaning and can be read in four layers. In the first four sentences of the four chapters, the poet asked himself and answered, "the gentleman's car" is raised with "the wisdom of maintaining stability", which shows the unique pride of soldiers.
Then two battle scenes are described around the chariot: "The chariot is driving and the four industries are fighting. I dare to decide, 1 I will be happy on March 3. "
This generally describes the mighty military capacity, high morale and frequent wars; "Driving four stallions, four stallions. The gentleman depends on it, and the villain flies. "
This describes in detail the scene of foot soldiers following the chariot under the cover of the chariot and under the command of the general. Finally, from the battle scene, the soldier's equipment reads: "Four rows of wings, like a fish suit."
The horse is strong, well-trained, well-armed and invincible. Soldiers are ready every day, just because the armadillo is rampant. "Don't quit every day, there are holes and thorns in the armadillo", which not only reflects the situation on the border at that time, but also explains the reason why it is difficult to return for a long time.
According to the description of military life in these two chapters, Mao Xu thinks that "Picking Wei" is a poem of "sending troops to defend" to persuade soldiers. This is inconsistent with poetry.
Judging from the contradictory feelings expressed in the whole poem, the defenders have both homesickness and overall situation, and it seems that there is no lack of responsibility for the rise and fall of the country. Therefore, it is natural to recall yesterday's fighting life on the long way home.
The emotional theme that runs through the whole article is the sadness of homesickness. Perhaps the sudden snowflake woke the garrison, and he returned to reality from his memory, and then fell into deeper sadness.
Remembering the past and remembering the present, how can I not be sad? "I left yesterday, willow, a.. I think about it today, it's raining. "
This is the time to write the scene, which is more lyrical. Individual life exists in time. In the context changes of "today" and "past", "coming" and "gone", "snowy rain" and "willow tree", the guards deeply experienced the waste of life, the passage of life and the denial of life value by war.
Unparalleled literary feelings are new through the ages. Today, people can't help feeling sad when they read these four sentences, mainly because they feel the deep feeling of life passing in the poetic realm.
"Walking slowly, thirsty and hungry", coupled with the long journey home, dangerous road, insufficient luggage and hunger and cold, this imminent life dilemma deepened his sadness. "Delaying walking" seems to include the guards' worries about their parents and wives.
In a few years, it is impossible to know whether you will be hired or not. When this kind of return comes, the fear of "now, approaching my village and meeting people, I dare not ask a question" (Tang who crossed the Han River) will inevitably appear. However, in this rainy wilderness, no one knows and no one comforts; "My heart is sad, but I don't know that I am sad", and the whole poem ends in this lonely and helpless lament.
Throughout the poem, the typical significance of the dominant emotion is not to express the feelings of sending troops to fight, but to separate individuals from the battlefield under the background of the war conflict between the retreating dynasty and barbarians, expressing the inner world of the defenders who have been defending for a long time and are worried about their way home, thus showing Zhou people's disgust and disgust at war. Cai Wei seems to be the originator of war-weary poems throughout the ages.
In art, "I used to be absent, and the willows were reluctant." I think it's raining today ",which is called one of the best poems in" Three Hundred Poems ".
The Southern Dynasties' Selected Works of Kasper? has been evaluated for more than 500 years. Wang Fuzhi's poems in Jiangzhai have become the poet's mantra, that is, "To write mourning with joy, to mourn for Syaraku, to double his sorrow and joy" and Liu Xizai's "artistic program" have become the poet's favorite words.
And "past" and "present".
3. How to highlight the center of composition? A 500-word composition is focused and clearly highlights the center of the article, which is the fundamental task of our writing and the basic basis for teachers to evaluate the quality of a composition.
The center mentioned here refers to the basic views or intentions expressed by the author through all the contents of the composition, that is, the author's understanding, evaluation, desire and intention of objective things. Its basic requirements are centralization and uniqueness.
The so-called concentration means that a composition can only have one center, and the whole composition should be thorough around this center. Before you start writing, you should first carefully examine the questions and establish a center according to the needs of the composition, which is the premise for the composition to highlight the center. The establishment of the composition center must start with all the materials and grasp the essence of things. Many students' composition words are not satisfactory, and they have not said any opinions and reasons for a long time; Or the center is scattered, and several viewpoints and truths go hand in hand without command. The result is like a dragonfly, meaningless; There are still some words that are eloquent but digress. Wan Li didn't even know what to say; There are also small compositions with limited materials, but they insist on pursuing a high, large and comprehensive center, giving people the impression of making a mountain out of a molehill and mystifying. These problems are all caused by the fact that the center of the composition is not established in advance and the writing is very casual.
When I say different, I mean that the center of expression must be clear, definite and unambiguous. After the establishment of the center, we must mobilize all available means to serve the outstanding center in our composition. There are many specific ways to highlight the center, and the two most commonly used are to come straight to the point and make great achievements. At the beginning of the student's composition "Song that Touches My Heart", it says, "We didn't say a word when we knew you were leaving that day ..." This beautiful song rings in my ear again. However, my heart is trembling and crying. I really want to say to you sincerely: "Dad, I'm sorry! At the beginning of the article, the emotional tone of the full text was set, and the author's heartfelt guilt and anxiety about his father were written. Another student composition, Tolerance, said that "I" accidentally spilled water on the teacher. I was so frightened that the teacher did not pursue it and forgave me. At the end of the composition, I said, "Walking on the campus path, I suddenly feel that the road today is really spacious! The words "the last one is really spacious" not only highlight the center of composition, but also sublimate the theme. The composition of these two students, the former comes straight to the point, the latter focuses on Zhang Xianzhi, and the method of highlighting the center is similar, both of which clearly show their views.
We can also highlight the composition center in the development and change of things according to the plot content of the composition. For example, in the student's essay "Banana Fan Unemployed", the changes of people's cooling tools in summer, from banana fan to electric fan to air conditioner, vividly show the great changes that have taken place in rural areas of China since the reform and opening up. There is no simple comparison between the past and the present in the author's composition, but he pays attention to twists and turns, such as the lack of electricity in rural areas and the installation of electric fans but not their use, which makes us truly feel how the reform and development in rural areas have come from one side. The composition is simple and realistic. Similar methods include modulation and contrast, playing hard to get and so on. The principle is the same as above, and the center of composition is clearly shown in these comparisons.
In the aspect of composition language, we can also adopt the methods of echoing back and forth, rendering the topic or highlighting the center through associative discussion. For example, the student's composition Little Things in Autumn begins with the fall of autumn leaves, describing my father borrowing books and sending me books and clothes, supplemented by changes in my mood: "a burst of ecstasy", "my heart moves" and "my heart trembles" until tears seem to come out ",repeatedly rendering, pointing out the topic, and telling my father's deep care for his children from a seemingly simple thing. The characters in the article are shabby and thin, and the climate is sad, which implies many hardships and vicissitudes, and people can't help but hiss.
In short, writing a composition should be carefully examined, the center should be established, and various writing skills should be flexibly used to serve the center. Only in this way can we write a composition with a clear center and a clear theme.
4. What is the central idea of this article? 1. Look at the article title. Some articles reveal the central idea or highly summarize it. From the title, we can see what the article mainly wrote and reflected. By answering these questions and connecting these answers, the central idea is summarized. For example, from the title "Dong Cunrui laid down his life to bomb the bunker", we know that the article is about "bombing". Giving his life means giving up his body. So we can know that the title means that Dong Cunrui gave his life for bombing the bunker. It also points out the center of the article-praising Dong Cunrui's spirit of being loyal to the revolutionary cause and not afraid of sacrifice. There are also the most delicious labor, righteous and upright, and serving the people. 2. Look at the beginning and end of the article. In order to make it easier for readers to grasp the theme of the article, there are usually some sentences or paragraphs at the beginning or end. There is a leading article at the beginning and a summary at the end, pointing out the function of the center. Analyzing these beginnings and endings can accurately summarize the central idea of the article. For example, the ending of Lao She's "Raising Flowers" is: "There are joys and sorrows, laughter and tears, flowers and fruits, fragrance and color, which require both labor and long knowledge. This is the fun of growing flowers. " This ending not only summarizes the fun of flower cultivation, but also points out the central idea of the article. 3. Look at the central sentence of the article. The central sentence of the article reflects the concentration of thoughts and feelings of the article, reflects the author's writing purpose, and often points out the central idea directly. If you find the right central sentence, you can summarize the central idea of the article. So where does the central sentence of the article usually appear? More common at the beginning and end of the article. For example, Zhan Tianyou wrote: "Zhan Tianyou is an outstanding patriotic engineer in China." Looking at the full text, it is not difficult to see that the full text is written around "patriotism" and "Excellence", which reveals the central idea of the full text concisely and profoundly. It always plays the role of an article at the beginning. For example, "my uncle" is such a person who thinks less about himself and more about others. "Point out the central idea of the article. 4. Look at the key paragraphs of the article to highlight the central idea of the article, and grasp the analysis of the key paragraphs to accurately summarize the central idea of the article. For example, the key passage of "Flying over the Luding Bridge" is to seize time and attack natural risks. Think about why soldiers can reach Luding Bridge in the dark and take the rain first. Think again why soldiers can capture the natural barrier of the Yangtze River. It is not difficult to see the heroism and fearless revolutionary spirit of the soldiers under the leadership of the party. Reading the narratives written by important people can often reflect the central idea from important people. By grasping what important people do, do, think and feel, we can grasp the central idea of the article. For example, the characters mentioned in the lesson "The Poor" are Sang Na, the fisherman, Simon, Simon's two children and Sang Na's five. Think about it and you'll know it's Sang Na and the fisherman. Grasping important people for analysis: it is not difficult to draw a conclusion. The paper praises the noble qualities of hard work and kindness of sauna and fisherman. 6. Pay attention to the narrative of big events. Every event has big things and small things. Seize major events to analyze and think about what was written, praised, reflected and explained. You can grasp the central idea of the article. For example, in the article "Grass Boat Borrows Arrows", it is mainly written that Zhuge Liang borrows 100,000 arrows. Grasping the word "Qiao" to analyze, it is not difficult to attract praise for Zhuge Liang's outstanding talent and broad mind. 7. Read the comments and lyricism of the article. In the article, the narrative and description parts are picturesque, and the discussion and lyricism parts are the finishing touch. The finishing touch can often reveal the central idea of an article. For example, I wrote the following passage in A Night's Work: On the way back, I kept thinking and said to myself, "This is the prime minister of our new China. I watched his work at night. How strong and simple he is. " The lyrical discussion of this sentence not only summarizes the noble quality of Premier Zhou's hard work and simplicity, but also expresses his feelings for Zhou. Profoundly prompted the central idea of the full text. 8. Look at the details of the article: The detailed description of the article serves the performance center. Therefore, it is of great help to understand the details of the article and understand what role these fine articles have played in highlighting the center of the article. For example, the article "Fanka" describes Fanka's apprentice life: catching three aspects, being beaten, being scolded and not sleeping. We can experience the pain of Van Gogh's apprentice life, reflect the tragic fate of children in Russian times, expose the darkness of capitalist society and reflect the author's sympathy. 9. Looking at the language, actions and psychological activities of key figures and describing their language, actions and psychological activities can often reflect the central idea of the article. The father of peanuts. "People should be useful, not just decent people who are not good to others." Father's words are not only the hope for children, but also point out the center of the article. 10. Look at the genre of the article. If the article is descriptive and has its own characteristics, and the main content of the article is the central idea, you don't have to wear boots and hats.
5. The original publisher of the composition wrote around the central meaning: Long Yuan Journal Network.
In ancient times, there was a scholar who never got to the point when writing articles. Once, he went to ask the teacher for advice. The teacher took him to a small forest, pointed to a spider web and said, "Please worship it as a teacher!" " "The reader looked at it for a long time and suddenly understood the mystery. Since then, his article has made rapid progress. Someone asked him why, and he said, "There is no spider web without a center in the world. Spider webs are made of a center and then a circle. The same is true of writing articles! "
So how to write around the central meaning?
Write a paragraph around the central sentence.
The composition of the middle grade requires writing one thing around the central meaning. Students in this section can usually practice with fragments-write specific sentences around the central sentence.
What is the central sentence?
The central sentence is generally the first sentence of a paragraph, which summarizes the main content of this paragraph.
Exodus: The fog this morning is really heavy and beautiful! There was a vast expanse of whiteness between heaven and earth, as if there was an incomparably wide tulle garment floating. Mountains, houses, fields and trees in the distance are shrouded in milky fog, looming and beautiful. I walked on the way to school, as if I were in a misty fairyland, which was very interesting.
The first sentence in the example is the central sentence, and the last three sentences are all around "The fog this morning is really heavy and beautiful!" This sentence is described in detail: "white, milky white" first writes the color of fog, and "incomparably wide gauze clothing" is a metaphor for writing the beauty of fog and fog. Through my feelings and conversations with characters, the fog is very thick and heavy.
6. What does the Central Ideological Society teach us?
I wonder if some "buzzwords" in society are correct. Many people who are serious and disciplined are often dismissed as "fools", such as words and deeds that don't hide money, and often have comments that are "boring" and "have nothing to do".
Montesquieu said: "We receive three kinds of education, one from parents, one from teachers and the other from society. The third kind of education is completely opposite to the first two kinds of education. " I was very sad after reading it, and I didn't know how to accept it ... I think the truest and most vivid beauty in life has already disappeared as a kite with a broken line. ...
I have been puzzled myself, puzzled: what has society taught us? Is it the principle of life or the way of life? Or what? I don't know.
Be quiet and talk less.
It is reported that a lady was robbed when people came and went in a square, although she cried and shouted "robbery, robbery, catch him quickly!" " ! People around you watched eagerly, turned a blind eye. 1 10 arrived and asked where it was going. People's answers were very close, "I didn't see it" and "I don't know". This kind of atmosphere, not to mention being popular all over the world, is at least an exaggeration to say that it occupies "half of the country"; Streets and alleys, women and children, old and young.
Although critics severely criticized this phenomenon in Focus Interview, this "quiet and less talking" atmosphere still prevails. People are still quiet and disciplined. Perhaps, a child said, "Mom, I saw him. He ran away from the alley. Go and tell the police uncle. " But this purity, which comes from the truth, will eventually be suppressed and stifled by the public's "be quiet and talk less"
Be smart and take shortcuts.
Talk to society, and it will tell you: be smart and take shortcuts. That's right. "If you want to save time and effort and get twice the result with half the effort, you must take shortcuts." At this time, the math teacher in primary school once taught us. Under the guidance of society, many people have played to the extreme; Small boats made of old wooden blocks can be regarded as "mud balls" crossing the strait; Ask the secretary to make a meal and you can "run the red light all the way"; Giving the director a pen is not even a problem to promote the three products. ...
Needless to say, who doesn't want to be a twins? It is close enough to say this "shortcut", and it is enough to leave many talented people far behind and greet the sedan chair by themselves and sing "I succeeded"! And those who are truly talented and knowledgeable become "idiots."
Do it boldly.
At the noisy intersection, there is a banner hanging high, which reads: Strive to build a modern civilized city. Adults cry day and night: Fiona Fang cannot be made without rules. Everyone should obey the traffic rules and be humble to each other. However, the scene of people and cars being brave has long been commonplace. Some people think: he dare not stop? Others think: is he afraid to hide? Everyone shouted in unison: be bold and rush over. In an instant, the master of life is as simple as flipping a coin. Do not deny the fear of heaven, people's footsteps are as firm as ever. I can only snicker at this. ...
Turning our eyes to our teenagers, there are many students who chase "Korean Wave" and love watching Korean dramas. The elegant temperament, gentle words, comprehensive etiquette and strict family style in Korean dramas make people yearn for it and show us civilization and aestheticism that can't be found in reality. This is probably a big reason why we love Korean dramas.
I think, in the education of our society, there is a sour taste, that is, the idea of "everyone for himself" has become a dark cloud, which has been lingering in our hearts. The truest and most vivid beauty in life is already a broken kite. ...
7. How to write a composition around the center should learn to accumulate.
The ancient summaries of "Reading thousands of books, writing like a god" and "A clever woman can't cook without rice" illustrate the importance of "accumulation" in writing from both positive and negative aspects. "Usually rely on accumulation, the examination room depends on play", which is the same experience of the students in the examination room.
Language should establish "vocabulary". Vocabulary is the cell of an article. Vocabulary in a broad sense refers not only to the collection of words and phrases, but also to sentences and sentence groups. There are two ways to establish "vocabulary": the first is reading. Usually, you should read books, newspapers and periodicals extensively, take reading notes, extract some beautiful words, sentences and paragraphs from a specific notebook, or make reading cards. The second is life. At ordinary times, we should capture the fresh language in the popular spoken language and write it down in a small notebook or card that we carry with us. Over time, we can say it chapter by chapter and write it beautifully. We should strengthen the accumulation of materials. Materials are the flesh and blood of the article. Because many students usually don't pay attention to accumulating materials, they are worried every time they write a composition, or edit or copy it. The solution to this problem is to accumulate materials. Usually, you can take a video camera and tape recorder with you, observe life deeply, actively participate in life, and record your experiences in family life, campus life and social life in time in the form of sketching, keeping a diary and writing observation notes. When recording, we should grasp the details and the characteristics of people, things, things and scenery. The article written in this way is flesh and blood.
8. What is the central idea of writing a narrative [thinking analysis]? It is difficult to separate things from people in the text, because things are done by people and people can't do without specific things. Therefore, any narrative writing article is about people, and narrative articles should show the ideological significance of events. In the final analysis, it is reasonable to write about people or social characteristics. [Answer] Narrative refers to the narration of various events and is the basic form of narrative writing. Events must have specific plots, which refer to the changes and development of events and constitute the basic content of narrative writing. A complete plot should have time, place, people, the cause, process and result of the event. Of course, these six elements are not necessarily available in every article, and the form of expression can be flexible. Narration should truly reflect life. It is very important to grasp the plot, because the broad social life is expressed through the plot, and the plot is expressed as various life events in the article. These life events are extracted from a lot of daily life, and plot is one of the important means to express the central idea, which requires concrete, coherent and prominent ideological significance. How to grasp the plot? (1) Selecting and refining plots It is an important step to select and refine representative plots, that is, to catch people and things that are vivid, novel and can reveal the profound meaning of life. We said that the material in life is the basis of the theme, but the theme (plot) is not the simple accumulation of the material, but the result of processing and refining the material. The authenticity, richness and typicality of the plot require us to proceed from the reality of life and take life materials as the basis. Select and extract plots with rich ideological significance from them. The process of selection and refinement is also the process of thinking deeply about life and deepening your understanding. (2) "Grasp the situation" is very important. Grasping the situation is to highlight specific and vivid situations and situations in the article, such as how urgent the situation is, how dangerous the situation is, how complicated and contradictory it is. How to grasp the "situation" to render and describe exciting moments. On the one hand, this writing method can make the character, quality and feelings more vivid and credible in the face of special difficulties or tests; On the other hand, we can catch the readers and pay attention to the characters in the text when reading, thus arousing their reading interest. A "situation" is described and rendered to highlight the background of the characters' activities. Then there are typical descriptions of characters, such as the description of grassland climate change in Seven Matches and the description of the little girl's family in Little Orange Lamp. The description of San Tan Yin Yue in From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue is beautiful.