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The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemums, Zhang Jiuling loves orchids, Zhou Dunyi loves lotus flowers, and Lin Bu loves plum blossoms all his life ... Anyone who loves them will become a role. Flowers and people are each other's appearance and spirit.
So do birds, animals, insects and fish.
Li Bai has always compared himself to Dapeng, Du Fu has a soft spot for gulls, and Su Shi has a brilliant life. They see themselves flying above the soul between heaven and earth.
Creation inadvertently created a Kobanawa and a bird, and they merged into this world and became an ordinary existence.
The poet was shocked by this unusual thing, picked it up and entered the poem. Then, this image becomes an image, accumulating the life experience of countless generations and becoming the memory of individuals and groups.
We call it image code. Encoder, so is the customs clearance password of a national language museum. You can enter the room if you master it, but you will be rejected if you don't understand it.
It is historical, heavy, personal and fresh. Clear and smooth, with endless meanings; It is tactful and powerful. Such as the bright moon in Qin, the customs in Han, such as Jiang Nanan and Guazhoudu, such as Baqiao Willow and Qingqiu Festival.
For example, Su Shi's flood.
Hong, people. Wild goose is a sunny bird, which falls trees in the south and ice in the north, and lives in a warm place. The ancients "Ji Na, please use geese". "Therefore, if you are a gift giver, you will get this letter and this money." There is another sentence in the Book of Changes: "Hung-chien is on the ground, and his feathers can be used as utensils, which is auspicious."
At first, Hong was a creature. Even if it enters poetry occasionally, it can't be said to be a complete and self-sufficient aesthetic image, and its phenology and customs are far better than poetry.
Su Wu shepherds sheep, geese pass books by foot, Hongyan means "faith", and poems such as "When the word of geese returns, the moon is full in the West Building" can be traced back to this; "Swallows know the ambition of swans" on the ridge of Chen Sheng's "Record of Dropping out of Farming", and swans are ambitious and have become common words to encourage people and themselves. Cao Zhi's poem "Luo Shen Fu" sets a model of female beauty.
However, Baidu search, big data shows that poets take Hongyan into poetry, and most of them still take its regularity, and this regularity derives from the meaning of fish and geese passing books and homesickness.
Hong's own face is still blurred.
In other words, Hong hasn't started to think, observe, be affectionate and communicate with others like a human being. Hong cannot be regarded as an independent image with aesthetic value. Just think, the wind in The Book of Songs is the wind that "the south wind blows from the heart" or the wind that "the spring breeze knows the bitterness and doesn't send willow green" by Li Bai, which has more aesthetic value?
It was Su Shi who personified the bird flood and then became a classic aesthetic image.
Undoubtedly, Su Shi's first widely circulated work is Mianchi Huaizi. Su Shi wrote:
What is life like everywhere? It should be like flying in snow.
I accidentally left my fingers and claws in the mud, and Hong Fei was driving that complicated thing.
What is life like? It's like Hong Fei stepping on snow mud. Like what? As erratic as Hong Fei, come and go without a trace; It was just an accident that Hongfei stopped on the snow mud; Like a snow claw, deep and shallow but fleeting; It's like flying again from the slush, just like wandering from east to west. I don't know anything and I don't need to ask anything.
Regardless of the west and the east, there is a kind of lofty sentiments, but it seems that there is also an empty desert where life is impermanent and impermanent.
24-year-old Su Shi, is it more lofty or more vacant? It's hard to say. The hardships of Huangzhou Huizhou Danzhou conspired in his later years, but he still knows nothing about it. It doesn't matter if it's the lofty aspirations of young people. But I prefer to believe the latter, which is an impermanent sense of emptiness.
Su Shi, a 24-year-old, was in high spirits and wrote a sober and profound sentence, "If you accidentally leave your fingers and claws in the mud, it will be complicated to fly in the air." I can't help but say that this is a lonely life temperament and an unusual talent.
"Hong Fei's complicated plan" became Su Shi's prediction. In the vast territory of the Song Dynasty, Su Shi moved around like a flood and never ended. At the age of 44, he came to Huangzhou. On the way to Huangzhou, he wrote this sentence:
I wander today, waiting for Hongyan, and the north and south are impermanent.
After two years in Huangzhou, he traveled with friends and wrote this sentence:
People are like Qiu Hong, and things are like spring dreams.
"The world is a big dream, and the autumn is crisp." In the remote Huangzhou, this slash youth who won the first place has a feeling of impermanence and drift, which has turned into a sigh of "life is like a dream". Hong Fei, whom he loves, always wanders in the cold moonlit night in a lonely image.
The curved hook moon hangs on the sparse buttonwood; In the dead of night, the water from the water clock has been dripping. Who saw you alone, Hong Ying.
At night, it suddenly becomes afraid, suddenly flies and comes back frequently, but no one always understands its infinite inner feelings. It kept wandering among the cold branches, but refused to perch on any tree, and finally landed alone on the cold shoal.
It was Su Shi who picked up all the cold branches himself and refused to live.
Gu Hong refused to do more than just pick a branch to live on. He must refuse to associate with birds, to compete with owls for a rotten mouse, and to fold his wings for a stable cage.
It's just Shi, a man who came out of a cold and humid prison. His eyes haven't adapted to the light outside, and his nose hasn't breathed enough free air. That is to say, he wrote two poems, one of which is that there will be no chicken fights in the east of the city if the horse returns another day. Has he, ever repented, ever been willing to bow his head? Even if the lonely sandbar is cold, it will not be satisfied with branches that do not belong to it.
Frightened, confused and unyielding, Hong is lonely and can enjoy himself. Who saw you alone? What if there is a lack of moon and sparse trees? What should I do at midnight? Youren, Gu Hong, I don't want to see anyone. Don't dance with your head held high because you see someone, and don't be depressed because you don't see anyone.
Lonely Hong's impermanence and wandering meet with Su Shi's life feeling that "the sky flies and the world is a drop in the ocean", which makes the poem "Red Cliff Fu" a swan song; Does Gu Hong's stubbornness and bravery also give Su Shi the detachment of "washing the lamp more carefully" ... and leaning on the boat, I don't know that the East is white?
Reading "Fu on the Red Wall", I always feel that there was a lone flying in front of Su Shi that night.
After Huangzhou, Hong only belonged to Su Shi, and no one could beat him.
In his later years, Su Shi was pardoned and returned to the north from Danzhou, a relegated place. On May 1st, I sailed to Jinling, met an old monk Fazhi, and wrote down "two rhymes of Fazhi's old poems".
When spring comes, you can never go back to Hong.
I hope the teacher is really like the moon, and no one will meet him in the urn.
Where does spring come from? Spring has come, and floods can be returned everywhere. Without hometown and foreign land, this peace of mind is my hometown; There is no glory and relegation desolation above the stadium, and the sea and the sky are the same.
On July 28th, Su Shi died in Changzhou shortly after writing this poem. Returning to Hong became Su Shi's swan song and his last gesture.
According to Lin Yutang's Biography of Su Dongpo, Su Shi died peacefully, as if he had returned to an ordinary era. When Hua Song came home, it didn't rain or sunny. Where does it belong? My heart. Meet the ordinary self to the extreme, and reconcile with everything in the past. Since then, rivers have traveled thousands of miles, and there are clouds in Wan Li.
Su Shi, a lonely person who has lived and relied on all his life, realized at the last moment of his life and soared into an empty moon. Look up, above the bright sky; Bow your head and meet in a crock.
If we compare Li Bai's Peng, Du Fu's Gull and Su Shi's Hong, we will find that poets do have a unique fascination with flowers, birds, animals, insects and fish, and this fascination is their unique self.
As poets, Li Bai, Du Fu and Su Shi all pursue the meaning of life and feel that life is fleeting. Li Baiyan said, "Time flies, a hundred generations pass by", Du said, "It's hard to catch the stars when friends meet", and Su Shiyan said, "Life is like a journey, and I'm also a pedestrian".
Faced with such a life dilemma, Li Bai chose to soar in Wan Li and the clouds like Dapeng; Du Fu chose seagulls, and like Sha Ou, they were close to each other and lived on the earth. Su Shi, like Hong, suddenly soared in the clouds, his wings swept over the white clouds, and suddenly settled in Zeye, looking for some fish and shrimp to eat. Sometimes, I want to go home with the wind, but I still think it's better to stay on earth and dance to find my shadow. Its sense of existence is about "there is one more pawn between the two rooms, and Lianji is alone." His loneliness and loneliness must be deep.
Du Fu has the ideal of "being loyal to the monarch and being obedient, and then making the customs pure", while Su Shi is "having the ambition of today" and confident that "being loyal to the monarch and being obedient is not difficult". These two men, who are enthusiastic about serving the country and actively using the world, have been lost all their lives.
"Flying, flying, I like what, but is a sandpiper in the vast world! "Du Fu said.
"What kind of life is everywhere? It should be Hong Fei stepping through the snow. " Su Shi said.
But Su Shi's loneliness is intrinsic. Externally, he is enthusiastic, rich and affectionate. Like a rainbow, the sandbar is cold and lonely at night, but in people's field of vision, the flying posture remains elegant and beautiful.
I always feel that it is a miracle that Su Shi's short life of 65 years came suddenly and went quickly.
It used to be an amazing photo. Su Shi and Hong Fei have become classics in the cultural history of China, and they have also become my eternal love.