Poetry refers to a kind of poetry in which the poet does not directly express his thoughts and feelings, but uses symbols, enthusiasm and other means to integrate his ideals and personality into something concrete. So, what kind of characteristics should a good poem have to express its ambition?
First of all, since it is an object-chanting poem, of course, it is necessary to be able to realistically write the characteristics of the object being sung, go deep into it, and capture the charm and character of the object, that is, to be "like an elf." For example, Minister Zheng Sixiao painted chrysanthemums at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty:
Bloom does not follow the flowers, and its independent fence is not poor.
It is better to hold incense in the branches and wait for death than to blow it into the north wind.
Chrysanthemum is independent, fragrant, lonely, vain, and disdains to associate with "flowers". It insists on moral integrity, and Ao Shuang is in full bloom, radiant and full of interest. The chrysanthemum here has a certain charm, and at the same time, the chrysanthemum is the poet's self-portrayal, and the corresponding "hundred flowers" is an allusion to those condescending and official Steven Song genera.
The 342nd poem is translated into Zhu's poem "I would rather hold my head and grow old than dance with the west wind and yellow leaves", which depicts in detail the tenacious spirit of chrysanthemum that would rather die with fragrance than give in to the north wind and fall to the ground, perfectly embodying its loyalty, honesty and shame, and the noble spirit of "I would rather be a broken jade than a full tile". The "north wind" here is a pun, literally referring to the whistling north wind in nature, but actually a metaphor for the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty from the north. Although they destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty by powerful force, they could not conquer the lonely ministers like poets. With the theme of chanting chrysanthemums, the poet used anthropomorphic techniques to chant chrysanthemums and write people, and expressed his feelings by praising chrysanthemum's indomitable character.
Secondly, when appreciating the poems describing the object, we should pay attention to the author's feelings for the things described.
For example, the following Lyrics of Lime was written by Yu Qian at the age of 17:
It can only be extracted from the deep mountains after being struck by thousands of hammers. It regards the burning of the burning fire as a very common thing.
I'm not afraid of broken bones and mud corpses. I want to stay in this world.
The first sentence of the poem is difficult to write lime, and the powerful words contain the profound meaning that it takes a lot of effort to train talents. The second sentence shows that Lyme is fearless in the face of difficulties and takes his time in the face of changes, and also reflects the character of Yu Qian, a teenager who is not afraid of difficulties and obstacles. In the third sentence, the poet once again fully demonstrated Lyme's lofty spirit of not being afraid of being crushed to pieces and his virtue of being willing to die through personification. Similarly, it also shows the poet's heroic feelings of not being afraid of sacrifice and dying. The last sentence of the poem, "I want to leave my youth on earth", is the end and destination of the first three sentences and the crowning touch of the whole poem. The key to Lyme's singing as always lies in his ambition of "keeping the world innocent", which is also the poet's ambition and ideal. We can say that the author writes lime in every sentence and writes his own sentences.
Furthermore, we should pay attention to analyzing the writing skills of chanting poems. Different techniques can often reflect the depth of integration between the content of singing and the poet's self-image.
Such as "Chrysanthemum" written by Huang Chao after his last visit:
Waiting for September 8 of the lunar autumn,
Blooming chrysanthemums are in full bloom, Chang 'an is fragrant, the city is bathed in the fragrance of chrysanthemums-Italy, and the land is like golden chrysanthemums.
The author affectionately called "Chrysanthemum" "My Flower", apparently as a symbol of the oppressed people. Then, the corresponding "letting a hundred flowers blossom" is naturally a metaphor for the reactionary and decadent feudal ruling group.
The third and fourth sentences in the poem describe the magnificent scene of chrysanthemum in full bloom, "Tianxiang permeates Chang 'an, and the whole city is covered with golden armor". The whole Chang 'an city is full of golden chrysanthemums, which exudes a thick fragrance and infiltrates the sky. This is the world of chrysanthemums, the kingdom of chrysanthemums and the grand festival of chrysanthemums. The profundity of thought, the strangeness of imagination, the novelty of metaphor, the splendor of rhetoric and the breadth of artistic conception are unprecedented. Because of this, the chrysanthemum in the author's works has changed the static beauty of quiet and elegant in the past, showing a kind of dynamic beauty that is rough and bold and full of fighting atmosphere. It is neither an "isolated symbol" nor a bunch of "chrysanthemums", but the whole city of Bloom, which occupies the whole of Qiu Guang, exudes a strong fighting fragrance, so it is described as a "fragrant array". Therefore, this poem, regardless of artistic conception, image, language and technique, has the characteristics of "strangeness", which makes people read the tall image of lyric poets in the poem, which is refreshing and refreshing.