one
Looking back at Chang 'an, Mount Li is like a pile of splendid scenery, and the gates of Huaqing Palace on the top of the mountain are opened in turn.
As soon as I rode on the smile of smoke and smoke, no one knew that the fresh fruit litchi was sent from the south.
two
Xinfeng green trees have yellow dust, and I have ridden Yuyang several times to explore the messenger.
They lied about their military situation, and Tang Gaozong and Yang Guifei still indulged in singing and dancing until the Anshi Rebellion arose and the Central Plains was broken.
three
The whole country is immersed in the tranquility of music, and the Lishan Palace in the moonlight is particularly clear.
An Lushan dragged his fat body and danced "Pure Land Dancing", which caused Yang's laughter to fly over the peaks.
To annotate ...
1, Huaqing Palace: Located in Lishan Mountain, Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, it is a playground for Tang and Yang Guifei.
2, embroidered piles: refers to flowers, trees and buildings like piles of splendid.
3. The second type: in order.
4, a ride: refers to one person and one horse.
5. Concubine: refers to the imperial concubine of Yang Yuhuan.
6. Agent: The emperor once asked an agent to test whether An Lushan was against it, so that he could get peace and keep his word.
7. Random shooting: An Lushan is fat, but he can write "Hu Xuan Dance" in front of Xuanzong, which is like the wind and the imperial secretary is in chaos.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem reveals the extravagant life of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. It is said that Yang Guifei likes litchi, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered people to transport it to her from Sichuan and Guangzhou by fast horses. This poem is based on this matter.
author
Du Mu, whose name was Mu Zhi, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. He was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). The grandson of Prime Minister Du You lives in Fan Chuan, a southern suburb of Chang 'an, and is called Du Fanchuan. Gong Shi, Fu, ancient prose. Du Fu's poetic theory is unique, heroic and handsome, especially good at seven laws and seven laws, and he is a master of the late Tang Dynasty. He is also good at creating historical quatrains. Guo Hua Qing Palace is one of his representative works. Guo Huaqing Palace has three works of the same name. This is the first one. ) Like his contemporary Li Shangyin, he was called "Little Du Li". Fan Chuan's collected works and the complete works of Tang poetry total eight volumes.
judge
The first sentence "Looking back at Chang 'an" is extremely important. At that time, Chang 'an was the capital, Ming Chengzu was busy in the capital, and his concubine was staying in the capital, so the people who flew litchi went straight to Chang 'an, while Ming Chengzu and the imperial concubine were having fun in Lishan! This is the scene of "Chang 'an looking back and embroidering in the pile". During the reign of Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty, Mount Li was planted with cotton embroidery-like flowers and trees, so it was called Xiuling. Write the general appearance of Mount Li in the distance vividly with "embroidered piles". The second sentence is "pile embroidery" to write about the building of Huaqing Palace in Lishan Mountain. At this time, "one ride" is close to Mount Li, only to see "a thousand times at the top of the mountain"; People on the mountain have seen the "world of mortals" flying and "one ride" coming, so they opened the "thousands of doors on the peak" for the second time. As a result, there was a dramatic scene of "laughing at the world of mortals". On the one hand, it is a high-speed day and night gallop that rolls up the "world of mortals", bringing litchi "a journey", sweating like rain and suffering; On the other hand, the imperial concubine got fresh litchi. She smiled and was overjoyed. In contrast, it contains a silent condemnation of luxury life. The first three poems didn't mention litchi at all. I don't know why I want to look back at Mount Li from Chang 'an. I don't know why "thousands of doors on the peak" open one after another, and I don't know what "riding the world of mortals" is for, and why "concubines" are laughing, leaving readers with a series of suspense. The last sentence should explain the suspense, but I didn't expect to use a negative sentence: "No one knows it's litchi." Indeed, the wind blows the dust, "riding" the thousands of doors of Huaqing Palace, which are open to him from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain. People will think it's urgent news about the military. How can you imagine that it is litchi for the imperial concubine! The word "unknown" makes the finishing point and has profound implications, which raises the ideological realm of the whole poem to an amazing height.
The beacon tower in Zhou Youwang is also on the top of Mount Li. The author asked Yang Guifei to watch Riding the Red Dust at the top of Mount Li, and deliberately used the word "princess smiles" to remind readers of the historical lesson of "praising the princess and smiling at Zhou".
This poem centers on the dramatic conflict between "galloping the world of mortals" and "laughing at the princess", and its conception and layout are wonderful and impressive.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem chooses to send litchi to the imperial concubine Feitian, vividly revealing that the rulers, in order to satisfy their appetite, did not hesitate to incite the masses, wasting people and money, and effectively castigated the arrogance and extravagance of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. The first two sentences of the poem pave the way for the background, and the last two sentences introduce the theme of the description and prompt the theme of the poem. The juxtaposition of the two concrete images of "galloping the world of mortals" and "princess laughing" makes people think and leaves suspense. Although the word "unknown" is three words, it is thought-provoking and intriguing.
This epic was written by Du Mulu when he arrived in Chang 'an via Huaqing Palace, feeling that Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei were extravagant and misunderstood their own country. Huaqing Palace was once a playground for Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. According to "Biography of Yang Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty", "My concubine loves lychee, and she must be born, so she rode it for thousands of miles, and her taste has not changed, and she has arrived in the capital". As a result, many policemen were exhausted and the post horse fell dead on the way from Sichuan to Chang 'an. The quatrains crossing the Qing Palace intercepted this historical fact, attacked the arrogance, extravagance and ignorance of feudal rulers, satirized the present with history and warned the monarch.
"Chang 'an Looking Back at Embroidered Piles" describes the scenery the poet saw when he looked back at Huaqing Palace in Chang 'an. The word "looking back" is not only a true writing, but also a link between the past and the future. The poet overlooks Mount Li in the capital, where there are lush trees and flowers, and countless layered and magnificent buildings are hidden among them, just like a pile of splendid scenery. Suddenly, a sense of responsibility for reviewing and reflecting on history arises spontaneously, and a sense of history arises spontaneously. It is the following three sentences, "A thousand doors open at the top of the mountain", which is a link between the preceding and the following and is a review of history. The opening of Mount Li's "Thousands of Gates on the Peak" describes the luxury of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei's life in those years, and sets a question for readers: Why should the "Thousands of Gates on the Peak" be opened? The last two sentences, "The world of mortals laughs when riding a princess, and no one knows it is litchi", are the answers. It turns out that this is all caused by Yang Guifei. When she saw "riding the world of mortals" galloping past, she knew that the litchi that gave her appetite had arrived, so she "laughed" happily.
Others thought it was urgent, but who thought there would be fresh litchi in Fuzhou immediately! The conclusion of the poem is not only the crowning touch of the whole poem, but also the bane of "An Shi Rebellion".
The purpose of reciting the anecdote of Tianbao is to warn the later monarchs not to delay the state affairs because of their pursuit of pleasure. However, the poet did not write about the tragic situation of An Shi, Xuanzong's hasty escape, Ma Youpo's performance, nor did he list Xuanzong's amusement, extravagance and luxury life. But to give litchi a thousand miles to win a smile from the imperial concubine. Appreciation ceremony of 4220 Tang poetry.
Discover historical problems in nuances. "Riding a princess and laughing in the world of mortals" makes a wonderful contrast between a poor official who is galloping on horseback and a smiling princess, and expresses such a serious historical theme with a word "smile", which is highly generalized and typical.
The whole poem begins with "looking back", setting suspense at different levels, and finally uncovering the mystery with "no one knows". This not only exposes the absurdity that Emperor Tang Ming did everything he could to please his favorite concubine, but also echoes the unusual atmosphere in front of him. The whole poem is full of difficult words, beautiful and delicate, lively and natural, and profound, implicit and powerful. It is indeed a masterpiece in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.
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