Zhongshan tourism
Author: Wang Anshi [Song Dynasty]
Never tire of seeing mountains all day, buy mountains and stay in the old ones.
Mountain flowers fall and mountains are long, and mountains and rivers flow freely.
"translation"
Traveling all day, the mountains are beautiful and varied, and I am not tired. I bought this mountain forest and waited for it to die.
Flowers bloom in the mountains, but the mountains have always stood upright. The streams in the mountains are empty and the mountains are at leisure.
[Notes]
Don't like it: I don't like it, I don't like it.
"Introduction to the author"
Wang Anshi (102 1 year1February 8 18-1May 2, 0861day), is known as the king of the world. Han nationality, a native of Linchuan, Fuzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty (now a native of Dengjiaxiang, Linchuan District, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province), was a famous politician, thinker, writer and reformer in the Northern Song Dynasty in China, and was one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
Ouyang Xiu praised Wang Anshi: "There are 3,000 romantic poems in Hanlin and 200 articles in the official department. The old self-pity is still there, so who will argue with his son? " Collected works handed down from ancient times include Wang Linchuan Collection and Linchuan Collection. His poems are very good in all aspects. Although there are not many words, he is also good at them, including "Cinnamomum cassia" and other famous works. And Wang's most popular poem is "Spring breeze is green, green, when will the bright moon shine on me?"
"appreciation"
This poem is one of the four seven-character quatrains in Wang Anshi's Traveling in Zhongshan. In just 28 words, eight "mountains" appear repeatedly, so they are catchy and unique. Such poems are rare in classical poetry. A poem "Qujiang after the chaos" written by a shepherd scholar in the Tang Dynasty, "I remember swimming to the water bank, and someone came to explore the spring in spring. You are empty until spring is not as deep as spring. " The 50% discount of the word "spring" in the poem is vividly read, without affectation and repetition. And Wang Anshi's "You Zhong Shan" is even more surprising and unique.
The eight "mountains" are evenly distributed among the four sentences, which is obviously a clever layout made by the poet to show a gradual sense of hierarchy. But it is not static, and there are no mistakes. Every word "mountain" in the first two sentences is written in a different position in the seven words, and the last two sentences are in the same place. It is necessary to have both unevenness and symmetry in form. There is a saying in classical poetry that "poetry is light when it is evasive". First, because of the meter, and second, because of the short length of the poem, it is not easy to express the meaning. If words are used repeatedly, there will be problems in pursuing words and poems that are empty and unable to express their meaning. However, the poetic expression of Wang Anshi's "You Zhong Shan" has not been greatly discounted by repeated use of words, and the meaning of the sentence is as interlocking as overlapping words, with deep meaning implied in it. Even if we don't delve into the poetic realm, if we regard it as an ordinary secluded landscape poem, it is also a masterpiece.
"I can't get tired of seeing mountains all day." After Wang Anshi retired, he often rode a donkey to travel around the mountains, but he enjoyed being with the mountains every day. One is about the beauty of Zhongshan, and the other is about the change of mountains. The mountains and rivers here seem to last forever, but if you appreciate Rainbow Anshi carefully, you will also see the rapid development of Zhongshan. Flowers, trees, birds, animals, snakes and insects are changing every day, every moment, every moment. Because of my love, I wanted to "buy a mountain and stay in the old mountain", but in fact Wang Anshi was finally buried at the southern foot of Zhongshan.
Isn't "the mountains are always full of flowers" the core idea of Zen? Take the mountain flower as a metaphor for all things in the world. Life and death are constantly changing, just like the mountain flower, which opens and falls year after year. Compare the emptiness of Zhongshan, because the emptiness of sex can originate. Without time, there is nothing, and something is born from the air. Just like the skin doesn't exist, the hair will attach. If the mountain doesn't exist, where is the mountain flower? At the same time, it was only after witnessing the life and death of the mountain flowers that I realized that the mountain was motionless and chaotic. "The mountains and rivers are empty and the mountains are idle", and the water in the mountains is gurgling. They are not tired day and night, and they don't know when to start, but they are not so quiet when they exercise. Flow is empty, only leisure is free and easy. The whole poem seems to be written about Zhongshan, but in fact it is written about the poet's heart.
In fact, for such an exquisite landscape poem, perhaps it is the best way to appreciate it without understanding it. You don't need to be familiar with the historical background, you don't need to know the poet's mood, you don't even need to delve into Zen, or you don't need to know who the poet is at all. There are no obstacles. After all, the only thing mentioned in the poem is mountains and rivers, so there is no time and no background. Readers can explain themselves from the heart. In this seemingly simple landscape poem, they can see themselves, all beings and everything in their hearts. Mountain flowers are just mountain flowers, or the origin of Zen family, or the glory left by poets. ...