So, what is defamiliarization? Simply put, it is the feeling of the first time, an unexpected feeling. Dancing is a strange behavior when we only know how to walk. One kind of dance is also a stranger to another. From the materialistic point of view, defamiliarization is a dynamic process, not a static one. For a specific form of defamiliarization, its appearance and disappearance occur simultaneously. Defamiliarization releases a temporary beauty. This is why Wilde decided that the second person who compared flowers to beauty was a mediocre person.
Why put modern poetry and defamiliarization together? This is no accident. Defamiliarization is an important feature of modern poetry and an important part of modernism. In the literary world, modern poetry finally realized the value of defamiliarization. Of course, it does not mean that literary forms other than modern poetry are not defamiliarization, nor does it mean that other poems other than modern poetry are not defamiliarization. However, by contrast, they are not mature enough.
Let's first look at the emergence of defamiliarization in modern poetry.
Poetry has two major functions. One is social function, and the other is artistic function. In a sense, the development history of poetry is the history of the rise and fall and harmony of these two functions. Undoubtedly, in a long historical period, the social function of poetry is much more prominent. However, with the development of modern poetry, artistry has become the focus of modern poetry creators and lovers. The social function of poetry requires poetry to be as faithful as history books. Its educational function always requires it to be touching with true feelings and convincing with truth. It tries its best to accomplish the mission of poetry in a way as close to reality as possible.
Art has different functions, and vice versa. The purpose of art is not to make its meaning easy for us to understand, but to create a special feeling of things. That is to create a' video'. "For poetry, it is also about creating psychological images. Not cognition. It does not insist on the truth of life, but pursues the truth of ideal. It is not satisfied with the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge, but an aesthetic expectation and enjoyment. The former requires accurate expression and as easy to understand as possible. The latter stops at creating accidents, awakening the aesthetic fatigue of the brain and completing a baptism-like experience.
Poetry is the art of emotion. Although this expression is a bit biased, it is also closely related to the main factors of modern poetry. Perceptual thinking is different from rational thinking. Easy to get tired, need to be constantly awakened, need to constantly meet new stimuli. As the saying goes, "Time is the best tonic". Time, repetition and habit are enough to passivate one's senses and stifle one's consciousness. And this kind of sensory perception is the first condition to complete the re-creation of modern poetry.
It is the artistry of modern poetry and its sense of importance that makes it long for this kind of strangeness. Shklovsky said: "Art rejects what already exists, but what already exists will continue to exist." In this contradiction and reconciliation between rejection and existence, the poet feels a certain breath and freshness of life through defamiliarization. Poetry can also be extended and developed in its own dimension. Finally stand out from other styles.
At the same time, although modern poetry pursues an ideal and artistic truth, it will eventually return to nature, people and society, or take the real environment of this life as the starting point. As long as people need to eat and drink Lazarus to survive, it can't be pure art. It is in this conflict and reconciliation between ideal and reality that defamiliarization can produce endless charm and tension.
Research shows that human emotional center has two wings: pain and pleasure. The experience of real life tells us that our perception and memory of pain will always be the deepest. Defamiliarization causes some pain by prolonging the time and difficulty of perception. Thereby activating our aesthetic feeling. And once we pass through the layers of fog and reach a clear position, that kind of pleasure will definitely deepen our impression.
It is this brain mechanism and artistic features that lay the foundation for the emergence and need of defamiliarization.
Now let's look at what factors are involved in the defamiliarization of modern poetry.
The first is the content.
Defamiliarization can be expressed as the news of poetry. But not to satisfy the spread and demand of knowledge, but to focus on a brand-new and first-time experience.
Zhouqu
Text/Rong Er
Encountered a mudslide in August.
suddenly
Zhouqu sank.
After reading this poem, I believe that 1000 readers will have an immediate response. Then something big happened in Zhouqu. You may walk back and forth anxiously, or you may be in a hurry to make a phone call, or you may stumble to turn on the TV and search for live news. In a word, you will be surprised by this sudden accident.
The above example is only the content in real life space. There are pure fantasy world, space and other things we are not familiar with. This is not a case.
The second is language.
Poetry is the art of language. Although the true faith of poetry lies outside language, the success or failure of language is the premise of poetry.
The language of prose is easy to understand. So they like to use ready-made and customary expressions. So many things or phenomena are first explained and then defined. Some viewpoints have become universally applicable theories and are often cited.
Poetry, on the other hand, is not aimed at spreading knowledge or pleasing readers. It is the artistic product of feeling or intuition. Therefore, as the most important factor in poetry, language also has its own quality requirements. Language in poetry is like a face that can't stand time. Easily out of date, aging and fatigue. It is easy to lose its original luster under the erosion of time, so it is forgotten by people.
The language of poetry must speed up metabolism in order to maintain the vitality of life.
Grammar and habitual expression are the first obstacles to the youth of poetic language.
What is grammar? It is a norm that people gradually form in language use. In order to expand the spread of language, in order to
The accuracy of communication, everyone will consciously use grammar to standardize their own language forms. Without rules, it is difficult to make a square. In this way, while completing the narrative and communication mission of language, it becomes stable and lifeless. This is of course unbearable for poetry.