Song luyou
Don't laugh at the farmhouse music brewed in the muddled month. In the harvest month, the dishes for guests are very rich.
There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay.
The day of playing flute and drums is approaching, and the villagers are still dressed simply.
In the future, if you can go out in the moonlight, I will knock on your door at any time with my cane.
To annotate ...
(1) preserved wine: the wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month.
② tún: It means to prepare a sumptuous dish. Dolphin, pig and poem refer to pork.
(3) There is no way to doubt the mountains and rivers.
4 dark willows and bright flowers: green willows are lush and shady, and flowers are bright and beautiful.
⑤ Flute drum: Flute drum.
⑥ Spring Festival: In ancient times, the fifth day after beginning of spring was regarded as Spring Festival Day, to offer sacrifices to the public (land gods) and pray for a bumper harvest.
⑦ Ancient customs: Simple ancient customs are preserved.
Xu Ruo: If so.
9 leisure under the moon: come under the moon when you are free.
Attending at any time: at any time. Knock: Knock.
translate
Don't laugh at the muddy wine brewed by farmers in the twelfth lunar month.
There are many delicious dishes to entertain guests in the harvest year.
When there are mountains and rivers, there is no way out for doubt.
Suddenly, I saw a bright green willow tree, and another village appeared in front of me.
You play the flute, I play the drums and celebrate together. The Spring Festival is approaching.
Clothes made of cloth, the most common hat, and simple ancient style still exist.
From today, if I can wander in the moonlight, I, a white-haired old man, will also enjoy this night.
Knocking on farmer friend Chai Men with a cane.
rewrite
A few days ago, a very good friend came to my house as a guest. He said that his hometown is in Shanxi village, where the scenery is beautiful and many people go to play. He also called it a fairyland on earth. After listening to this, I am also going to feast my eyes on Shanxi Village.
In the spring of March, I chose a sunny day, rode on a donkey that I had been with for many years, and set off happily with a beautiful vision.
While riding a donkey, I enjoyed the scenery on both sides: a stream trickled, butterflies and dragonflies danced among the flowers, and birds stood on the branches singing. This is really a paradise. At this time, the slope became steeper, and the little donkey became more and more difficult to walk. I couldn't bear to watch the little donkey suffer like this, so I jumped off it and led the little donkey down. Suddenly, a stream blocked our way, so I had to lift my clothes and walk carefully in the water. The little donkey drank a few mouthfuls of water, got into the water, and playfully raised a splash with his hoof and splashed it on me. I patted his ass as punishment. We walked for a long time, but before we reached Shanxi village, the mountains still appeared in front of us, and a series of questions surfaced in my mind: Am I going wrong? Or did I pass … I'm as anxious as a cat on hot bricks now. I know I will go to Shanxi village with my friends, but it's too late now. Finally, I decided to go another way. If I haven't arrived in Shanxi village, I will go back the same way.
Walking through a mountain corner, I suddenly found a row of willows planted on both sides of the road, which blocked the sun and only a few beams of light shone in; The grass is full of wild flowers, fragrant, and bees are collecting honey! At the end of the road, there is a village looming. I was so excited that I forgot to take the donkey and rushed over. When I arrived at the entrance to the village, I saw on the door: Shanxi Village. Huh? There is a man waving to me under the big banyan tree in the village! Look carefully, it turned out to be my friend! I couldn't restrain my excitement and walked towards him in three steps. My friend took me to his house, and I immediately smelled the wax wine. My friend invited me to a table and invited me to dinner. I looked, ah! Chicken, duck and fish are all on the table, and they are all delicious. Maybe the little donkey also smelled the fragrance and went to a friend's house by himself! We settled the little donkey and talked while eating. A friend said, "Our village has had a bumper harvest this year! The quality of the cotton I planted is very good. I asked my family to make you a good cotton wadding! Be sure to take it with you when you leave! I also harvested my sorghum and made a lot of wine, but the wine was a little cloudy. You can only drink it! " "Good," I promised. "Your scenery here is really beautiful, but it made me suffer when I came! Look, my feet are worn out! " My friend laughed a few times and said boldly, "We have many miracles here. You can stay here for a few days, and I will show you one by one. " I nodded again and again and said, "Great!"
We raised our glasses frequently and drank for three rounds. I am very poetic, and I wrote A Visit to Shanxi Village: Don't laugh at the wine and wine of farmers, and leave enough chickens and dolphins in good years. There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay. Xiao Gu followed the Spring Club and dressed simply and quaint. In the future, if you can go out in the moonlight, I will knock on your door at any time with my cane.
Lu You (1125-1210), the word service concept, was released. Yinshan was born in Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He used to be a judge of Jiankang. He is the author of Poems of Jiannan, Collected Works of Weinan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes on Old Ann Studies, etc. There is a volume of Jean Weng Ci and two volumes of Weinan Ci. There were more than 140 words in Song Dynasty.
Lu You was a great patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. He worked hard all his life and wrote an amazing number of poems. According to him, "ten thousand poems in sixty years." Up to now, more than 9,300 poems of Jiannan have been preserved, ranking first among the Song poets. The main content of these unique poems, as Mr. Qian Zhongshu said in "Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty": "On the one hand, people are filled with indignation and want to avenge the country, recover lost land and liberate the occupied people; On the one hand, it is leisurely and delicate, chewing out the deep and eternal taste of daily life and ironing out the twists and turns of the current situation. " The content described in this song "A Visit to Shanxi Village" belongs to the latter.
This unique poem was written in the early spring of the third year of Song Xiaozong Avenue (1 167). At that time, Lu You was retiring and living at home. A year ago, Lu You actively supported the Northern Expedition of Zhang Jun, the general who resisted gold in the second year of Longxing (1 164). After Liv's defeat, he was also expelled from the court by landlords and capitulationists. He was dismissed from Longxing House (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province) on charges of "encouraging Zhang Jun to fight". When Lu You returned to his hometown, his mood was quite complicated, with anguish and resentment intertwined, but he was not disheartened. The patriotic feelings of "generosity is still strong" (Yu Wen) made him feel hope and light in rural life, and poured this feeling into his poetry creation.
The title of this poem is "A Tour of Shanxi Village". According to the second poem "You Qi" in volume 32 of "Jian Nan Poetry Draft", it is self-evident: "Avenue (two years) began to inhabit the three mountains of Jinghu Lake." This place is a typical small village in the south of the Yangtze River, about nine miles south of Shaoxing, and its place name is Xicun. The beautiful scenery here has certainly aroused the poet's interest, and the excellent poems about rural life written in ancient times have cultivated the poet's soul. Tao Yuanming, who is famous for initiating the pastoral school, once described the real scenery in the poem "Returning to the Pastoral Residence", which inspired the poet. Meng Haoran, a poet known for his pastoral poems in the Tang Dynasty, wrote his masterpiece Passing by the Old Village, which brought the poet a sense of pure beauty in peace. These are all beneficial nutrients that Lu You learned from his poetry creation. Let's read Passing through the Old Village first:
This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm. Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city. Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops. Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.
Meng Haoran's Passing through the Old Village and Lu You's Visiting Shanxi Village both describe rural scenery, but their artistic conception is different. The former mainly writes about the scene of "you entertained me on your farm", while the latter focuses on what you saw and heard in the village. Therefore, when we appreciate this poem by Lu You, we must firmly put the word "You" in the title of the poem, so as to grasp the context of the poem and appreciate the poet's unique artistic ingenuity.
In the Qing Dynasty, Fang Shu-dong said in Volume 20 of Zhao Mei Zhan Yan that the Seven Laws of Lu You "started from visiting the village, and the beauty and customs in the secluded area are willing to make regular appointments". Judging from the structure of the poem, this is in line with reality. With concise brushstrokes, the poet spreads out the whole article around the word "you", which not only writes clearly, but also outlines a beautiful rural landscape in the south of the Yangtze River.
This is a simple and natural poem about traveling in a mountain village. With sincere feelings and clear style, the poet described the mountain village scenery and peasant customs, with a strong flavor of life.
This poem vividly depicts the scenery and local customs of the poet's hometown, and is full of rich flavor of life. The first two sentences of the poem, with the kind words of "Don't laugh" and "Enough with chickens and dolphins", show the villagers' sincere attitude towards the guests. The third and fourth sentences in the poem describe the scenery of the mountain village, which has always been awarded to people. In the third sentence, "heavy" and "complex" are synonyms, and together with the word "doubt", they write a chaotic scene of overlapping mountains and rivers; In the fourth sentence, the words "dark" and "bright" set each other off in interest, and together with the word "quiet", they describe a pleasant scene of green trees and flowers. The fifth and sixth sentences of the poem describe the folk customs here, with drums and flutes ringing in unison and simple clothes, which show the poet's praise for simple rural life. In the last two sentences of this poem, the author expresses his feelings. The warm hospitality, beautiful scenery and simple folk customs here make the poet full of enthusiasm, but the poet did not directly describe this mood, but expressed it in another way, saying, "From now on, if you ride leisurely on the moon, you will knock on the door with a cane all night", which shows the strong interest.
The first couplet shows the quiet and joyful atmosphere in the countryside in the harvest year. Waxed wine refers to rice wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month last year. A dolphin is a pig. Full of chickens and dolphins means full of chickens and dolphins. These two sentences mean that although the taste of farm wine is thin, it has a deep way of hospitality. A word "foot" expresses all the hospitality of farmers. The word "don't laugh" expresses the poet's appreciation of the simple folk customs in rural areas.
The second couplet is about the scenery along the mountains and rivers, which contains philosophy and has been widely quoted for thousands of years. "There is no doubt about mountains and rivers, and there is another village." After reading such a fluent, beautiful, cheerful and lively poem, it seems that you can see the poet strolling among the green mountains, the clear mountain springs gurgling in the winding streams, the vegetation becoming more and more lush, and the winding mountain roads becoming more and more difficult to identify. When I was at a loss, I suddenly saw the flowers flickering in front of me, and several peasant cottages were looming among the flower trees, and the poet suddenly felt suddenly enlightened. The degree of excitement can be imagined. Of course, this realm has been described by predecessors, but these two sentences are particularly euphemistic and chic, so Qian Zhongshu said: "Lu You's couplets are written with' the title has no meaning'" (Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty). When people discuss knowledge and study problems, it often happens that the mountains turn to water, which is confusing. Where is the way out? So I suddenly felt a sense of emptiness. However, if you persevere and move on, suddenly a ray of dawn appears in front of you. Go on, and you will be suddenly enlightened and discover a new world that you have never seen before. This is the inspiration of this connection and the unique interest of Song poetry. After reading it, people will feel that in a certain situation in life, there is an amazing fit with what is written in the poem, so they feel more cordial. What is described here is that the poet walks on the shady road, confidently, wondering if there is no road, and suddenly becomes cheerful, which not only embodies the poet's hope for the future, but also tells the philosophy of ups and downs of the world. Therefore, these two poems transcend the description of natural scenery and have strong artistic vitality.
This couplet shows the beautiful scenery in spring; The second part describes the rural customs from nature to personnel in the early Southern Song Dynasty. It is not difficult for readers to understand the poet's deep affection for traditional culture. "Society" is the land god. Spring Festival club, the fifth day after beginning of spring. On this day, the agricultural sacrifice society prayed for the New Year, full of excitement, blows and blows, and full of expectations for a bumper harvest. The origin of this festival is very old, and it has been recorded in Zhou Li. Su Shi's "Die Hua Lian Zhou Mi Shang Yuan" also said: "Drumming and playing the flute is to enter the agricultural mulberry society." It was still very popular in the Song Dynasty. Lu You praised this ancient local custom and showed his love for our country and people with his simple clothes and ancient customs.
The first three books are about the outside world, with their own emotions. But it seems that the poet's intention is not enough, so he changed his pen: "From now on, if you ride on the moon leisurely, you will knock on the door all night with a cane." Anytime, anytime. The poet has been swimming all day. At this time, the bright moon hangs high, and the whole earth is shrouded in faint clarity, which also gives the village after the Spring Festival a layer of quiet color and has a special taste. So these two words naturally flowed out of my chest: I hope to ride the moon with crutches from time to time, gently fly and have a cordial conversation with the old farmer. What an honor! The image of a poet who loves his hometown and is close to farmers is vividly on the paper. He expressed the poet's kindness to the farmers in the mountain village in a tone of inquiry.
The first couplet: "Don't laugh at the peasant wine, and leave enough chickens and dolphins in good years." Describe a bumper harvest year and the honest character of farmers' hospitality.
Zhuan Xu: "There is no doubt about mountains and rivers, and there is another village." This sentence describes that surrounded by mountains, vegetation is getting richer and richer, and winding mountain roads are becoming more and more difficult to identify. When I was confused and helpless, I suddenly saw green willows fluttering and flowers blooming, and a wooden stake appeared in front of me. In the description of natural scenery, Ben Lianfu's profound philosophy is used, which often implies hope in difficulties.
Necklace: "The flute and drum follow the Spring Club, and the clothes are simple and ancient." It not only wrote the joy of the Spring Festival Society, but also expressed the simplicity and loveliness of the folk customs.
Tail couplet: "From now on, if you land on the moon leisurely, knock on the door all night with a stick." Poets are looking forward to having time to travel in the moonlight with crutches and visit at any time to express the poet's sincere love and reluctance to live in the countryside.
"Don't laugh at the farmers' wine, and leave enough chickens and dolphins in good years". At first glance, it seems unremarkable, like "prepare chicken rice for me, old friend, you entertain me on your farm", as if it were an ordinary note, effortless. However, from the first sentence here, the poet wrote that he had visited the village and suddenly came to the farmhouse. The host warmly entertained the guests, played up the happy atmosphere after the harvest of the farmhouse, and made a strong foreshadowing for the next trip and lyric. "Lajiu" refers to rice wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month (December of the lunar calendar). This is a gratifying sight after the rice harvest. After drinking in spring, the wax wine looks a little cloudy, but it has the mellow beauty of famous wine. What's more, the owner of the farmhouse is so hospitable and the food is very rich! Dolphin refers to pigs. Here, "full of chickens and dolphins" is an extremely rich dish to describe farmers' hospitality.
"There is no doubt about mountains and rivers, and there is another village." This is a well-known sentence. The beauty of it lies not only in its skillful description of difficult scenes and antitheses, but also in its "magnificent language with nothing to do", which is natural, philosophical and chewy. Bringing this kind of natural scenery into poetry has long been described by poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Wang Wei's "Shimen Jingshe": "I love to show off in the distance, but my first suspicion is different; An Zhiqing turned around and suddenly connected with Qian Shan. " In the hands of poets in the Song Dynasty, there are also descriptions, such as On the River by Wang Anshi: "Castle Peak can't bypass the road, and suddenly Qian Fan looms". There are also poets who are close to Lu You's age. His poems have the charm of the Tang Dynasty, and he once wrote the poem "When there is no road in the distant mountains, there is a village in the winding path". But in the development of artistic conception, it can be said that these poems are far less than Lu You. Through the word "doubt", the above sentence depicts the feeling of loss that Xuxingshan Village overlaps with the surrounding mountains and the running water is lingering. The next sentence is a continuation of the beautiful spring scenery you can see when you walk. In this way, the image of feeling and visual image are organically combined to form a beautiful, moving and wonderful picture. The evaluation of these two sentences in Tang and Song poetry is: "Like a projectile, he is not only good at writing difficult scenes." This evaluation is very insightful. This couplet is not only extremely natural, but also shallow and rich in meaning; It seems easy, but it is unexpected. So it has been widely loved by people for thousands of years, and now it has become a widely circulated idiom. When people recite these two poems, they not only appreciate the indescribable beautiful natural scenery of the mountain village, but also realize the enlightenment of its philosophical thought-as long as people face up to reality, face many difficulties and obstacles, do not flinch, do not fear, dare to explore and forge ahead, then the front will be a brand-new realm full of light and hope.
"Xiao Gu follows the Spring Society, and the clothes are simple and ancient." Poetry turns from scenery description to lyricism, from scenery outside the village to feelings inside the village. "Spring Festival" is a custom in ancient China. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Chen's Chronicle of Years Old said that "the last five days of beginning of spring were the Spring Festival Society". In other words, the fifth day in beginning of spring is the Spring Festival Social Day. When this day comes, the flute and drums in the village resound through the sky, full of festive atmosphere. The villagers must also make sacrifices to the land god and pray for a bumper harvest in agriculture. This simple and ancient custom was still very popular in the rural areas of Jiangnan at that time. This poem not only reflects the farmers' desire for a bumper harvest, but also expresses the poet's sincere feelings of loving rural life.
From now on, if you ride leisurely on the moon, you will knock on the door all night with your cane. This is the summary of the whole poem, and it is also the expression of the mood of roaming in the mountain village. What's it like to visit the village? The beautiful scenery of the mountain village and the simple beauty of rural customs left a beautiful and unforgettable impression on the poet. What about the future? The poem ends with the feeling of frequent night trips, with endless aftertaste. If the ending of Meng Haoran's poem "Wait until the mountain holiday, I will come back at chrysanthemum time" is straightforward, then the ending of Lu You's poem is more euphemistic with a pen. The poet confided that if I have the opportunity to go out on a moonlit night in the future, I will knock on the door at any time with a cane. This conclusion points out the theme of visiting the village in the poem. "Knocking at night" echoes the first sentence "farmer", which is not only complete, but also more intriguing.
This poem, which describes the daily life in rural areas in the south of the Yangtze River, has a common theme, but the difference is that it is ingenious in conception, simple in description, and naturally interesting without smearing words. The poet stuck to the word "tour" in his poems, but did not describe the process of visiting the village in detail. Instead, he cut out the fragments of the experience of visiting the village and reflected them through the description of one level in each couplet. The first poet swam to the farmhouse, the second wrote about the scenery outside the village and copied the things in the village, and the last one wrote about frequent night trips. Although each has its own emphasis, it runs through the whole village, harmoniously unifying the beautiful natural scenery and simple villagers' customs in a complete picture, forming a beautiful artistic conception and a calm and meaningful style. This can be said to inherit the characteristics of Meng Haoran's poems, which are "plain and thoughtful" and develop forward.
A:
1. There is no road in the mountains and heavy waters, and there is another village.
On the other hand, it is full of philosophy, showing some regularity of life change and development, which is memorable. It shows the poet's unique thinking and spirit-it often contains infinite hope in adversity. The poet described the feeling of being lost in the lingering scenery and the joy of seeing a new scene again. People can learn the philosophy of life from it-no matter how difficult the road ahead is, as long as they have firm beliefs and are brave in pioneering, life can "save the day" (a new realm full of light and hope appears).
The scenery in the sentence contains philosophy, which has been widely quoted for thousands of years.
After reading such a fluent, beautiful, cheerful and lively poem, it seems that you can see the poet strolling among the green mountains, the clear mountain springs gurgling in the winding streams, the vegetation becoming more and more lush, and the winding mountain roads becoming more and more difficult to identify. When I was at a loss, I suddenly saw the flowers flickering in front of me, and several peasant cottages were looming among the flower trees, and the poet suddenly felt suddenly enlightened. The degree of excitement can be imagined. Of course, this realm has been described by predecessors, but these two sentences are particularly euphemistic and chic, so Qian Zhongshu said: "The couplet written by Lu You is' the title is meaningless'.
When people discuss knowledge and study problems, it often happens that the mountains turn to water, which is confusing. Where is the way out? So I suddenly felt a sense of emptiness. However, if you persevere and move on, suddenly a ray of dawn appears in front of you. Go on, and you will be suddenly enlightened and discover a new world that you have never seen before. This is the inspiration of this connection and the unique interest of Song poetry. After reading it, people will feel that in a certain situation in life, there is an amazing fit with what is written in the poem, so they feel more cordial. What is described here is that the poet walks on the shady road, confidently, wondering if there is no road, and suddenly becomes cheerful, which not only embodies the poet's hope for the future, but also tells the philosophy of ups and downs of the world. Therefore, these two poems transcend the description of natural scenery and have strong artistic vitality.
2. In the first two sentences of the poem, polite words such as "Don't laugh" and "Enough with chickens and dolphins" are used to show the villagers' sincere attitude towards the guests. It shows the poet's kindness to the farmers in the mountain village.
3. "From now on, if you ride leisurely on the moon, you will knock on the door all night with a crutch." The poet has been swimming all day. At this time, the bright moon hangs high, and the whole earth is shrouded in faint clarity, which also gives the village after the Spring Festival a layer of quiet color and has a special taste. So these two words naturally flowed out of my chest: I hope to ride the moon with crutches from time to time, gently fly and have a cordial conversation with the old farmer. What an honor! The image of a poet who loves his hometown and is close to farmers is vividly on the paper. He expressed the poet's kindness to the farmers in the mountain village in a tone of inquiry. Poets are looking forward to having time to travel in the moonlight with crutches and visit at any time to express the poet's sincere love and reluctance to live in the countryside.