Poems about the Earth's Round 1. Prove the Earth's Round with Ancient Poetry
The theory of the Earth's Round in Ancient Poetry
(read Zhang Hua's Inspirational Poem and Xin Qiji's Magnolia Slow, Poor Today's Evening Moon)
[original]
The sky returns to the ground. Four gas scales, cold and summer around. Sparks are in the evening, and suddenly they are in autumn. The cool breeze vibrates and flows brightly.
—— Excerpt from Zhang Hua's Inspirational Poems
Pity about this evening and the moon, where to go, where to go. There's another world. I'll see you there, east of light and shadow. It's sweaty outside the sky, but Changfeng and Haohao send Mid-Autumn Festival. If the Tao is intact, the cloud will gradually become like a hook.
—— Excerpted from Xin Qiji's
[Notes and Conversations of Mao Zedong's Reading]
A word written by Xin Qiji in Song Dynasty said that when the moon goes down from us, it illuminates other places. Zhang Hua of the Jin Dynasty wrote in one of his poems: "You can swim without looking back.".
—— Excerpted from A Revolutionist Who Read a Plenty of Books by Feng Prophet (see Mao Zedong's Reading Life, page 8, Sanlian Bookstore, 1986)
[Analysis]
Zhang Hua (232—3), born in poverty, was an upright official in the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty. His "Inspirational Poetry" is a four-character ancient poem with 73 sentences. As the name implies, it is a work of self-encouragement and shows good ambition and interest. What is quoted in front is the first few sentences in this poem, which intuitively feels that the change of the four seasons is related to "traveling back and forth".
Mao Zedong read this poem from The Source of Ancient Poetry. In this conversation in August, 1964, he pointed out that this poem was collected in the Source of Ancient Poetry.
Xin Qiji's "Magnolia Slow, Pity Today's Moon" is prefaced by a small preface: "Drinking in the Mid-Autumn Festival, you will have a good time. It is said that previous poems have endowed those who wait for the moon but don't send it to the moon, so they use" Tian Wen "as a style." This word is written to send the moon, and it is written in the form of Qu Yuan's Tian Wen, which is very novel. After detailed observation, the author used his rich imagination to see the moon rising from the east and setting from the west, and guessed that the earth was round and the moon revolved around it. This is a story in the history of astronomy. When Wang Guowei talked about this first word in Ci on Earth, he said: "Poets can imagine and understand the reason why the moon revolves around the earth, and they are in close contact with scientists, which can be described as divine understanding."
Mao Zedong likes this word very much. He drew three big circles before the title of this word in a book "Jia Xuan Long and Short Sentences". Every sentence in the preface is circled; After each question in the word, a big question mark is drawn. In 1964, he talked with Zhou Peiyuan and Yu Guangyuan about the idea of the earth circle contained in this poem. It can be seen that Mao Zedong's intentional circle painting of this poem not only appreciates the art, but also appreciates the profundity of the poet's argumentation thinking.
2. Prove that the earth is round with ancient poems
The theory of the earth's circle in ancient poems (read Zhang Hua's Inspirational Poem and Xin Qiji's Magnolia Slow, Poor Today's Moon) [original] is full of luck and travels back and forth.
four gas scales, cold and summer around. Sparks are in the evening, and suddenly they are in autumn.
the cool breeze vibrates and flows brightly at night. -Excerpted from Zhang Hua's "Inspirational Poetry", I am pitiful today and tomorrow, where to go and go.
it's a different world. I just saw it there, and the light and shadow are in the east. It's sweaty outside the sky, but Changfeng and Haohao send Mid-Autumn Festival.
if all the roads are intact, the clouds will gradually become like hooks. -Excerpted from Xin Qiji's "Magnolia Slow, Poor Today's Moon" [Mao Zedong's Reading Notes and Conversations] A word written by Xin Qiji in the Song Dynasty said that when the moon goes down from us, it illuminates other places.
Zhang Hua of the Jin Dynasty wrote in one of his poems, "You can swim without looking back.". -Excerpted from the well-read revolutionist by every prophet (see Mao Zedong's Reading Life, Page 8, Sanlian Bookstore, 1986) [Analysis] Zhang Hua (232-3), born in poverty, was an upright official in the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty.
His Inspirational Poetry is a four-character poem with 73 sentences. As the name implies, it is a self-encouragement work, which shows a good ambition and interest. What is quoted in front is the first few sentences in this poem, which intuitively feels that the change of the four seasons is related to "traveling back and forth".
Mao Zedong read this poem from The Source of Ancient Poetry. In this conversation in August, 1964, he pointed out that this poem was collected in the Source of Ancient Poetry.
Xin Qiji's "Magnolia Slow, Pity Today's Moon" is prefaced by a small preface: "Drinking in the Mid-Autumn Festival, you will have a good time. It is said that previous poems have endowed those who wait for the moon but don't send it to the moon, so they use" Tian Wen "as a style." This word is written to send the moon, and it is written in the form of Qu Yuan's Tian Wen, which is very novel.
After detailed observation, the author used his rich imagination to see that the moon rises in the east and sets in the west, and guessed that the earth is round and the moon revolves around it. This is a story in the history of astronomy.
Wang Guowei said when talking about this first word in Ci on Earth: "Poets can imagine, directly understand the reason why the moon revolves around the earth, and be in close contact with scientists, which can be described as divine understanding." Mao Zedong liked this word very much, and drew three big circles before the title of this word in a book "Jia Xuan Long and Short Sentences"; Every sentence in the preface is circled; After each question in the word, a big question mark is drawn.
In 1964, I talked with Zhou Peiyuan and Yu Guangyuan about the idea of the earth circle contained in this poem. It can be seen that Mao Zedong's intentional circle painting of this poem not only appreciates the art, but also appreciates the profundity of the poet's argumentation thinking.
3. What are the ancient poems about "Earth"
1. Visiting an old friend, Zhuang Tang Meng Haoran
preparing me chicken and rice, old friend, you entertain me at your farm.
we watch the green trees that circle your village, and the pale blue of outlying mountains.
we open your window over garden and field, to talk mulberry and hemp with our cups in our hands.
wait till the Mountain Holiday, I am coming again in chrysanthemum time.
Vernacular translation:
My old friend prepared a sumptuous meal and invited me to his hospitable farmhouse.
Green Woods surround the village, and green mountains lie across the city.
Push open the window to face the grain field and vegetable garden, and raise your glass to chat about the crops.
When the Double Ninth Festival comes, please come here to watch chrysanthemums.
2. One of the Tang Dynasties, Liu Yuxi
The sand in Wan Li of the Yellow River has nine twists and turns, and the waves and winds have swept from the horizon.
Now go straight to the Milky Way and go to the home of Petunia and Weaver Girl.
Vernacular translation:
The Yellow River in Wan Li twists and turns with sediment, and the waves roll like a huge wind from all over the world.
Today, we can go straight along the Yellow River to the Milky Way, and we will visit the home of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl together.
3. Liu Yuxi, the seventh Tang Dynasty of Langtaosha
In August, the waves roared, and his head was several feet high and he touched the mountain back.
in a short while, he went into Haimen and rolled up the sand like a snowdrift.
Vernacular translation:
In August, the sound of the waves came like the roar of Ma Benteng, and the waves tens of feet high rushed to the rocks on the shore and were knocked back.
In a moment, it retreated to the confluence of rivers and seas and returned to the sea. The sand piles it rolled up were like white snow piles under the sunshine.
4. my retreat at mount zhongnan Tang Wangwei
my heart in middle age found the Way, and I came to dwell at the foot of this mountain.
I come and go alone, amid beauty that is all for me.
I will walk till the water checks my path, then sit and watch the rising clouds.
and some day meet an old wood-cutter, and talk and laugh and never return.
Vernacular translation:
After middle age, I have a strong heart of kindness, and I didn't settle down in the border of Zhongnanshan until my later years.
when I am interested, I often go to play alone, and I enjoy myself and indulge myself when I have something happy.
Sometimes go to the end of the water to find the source, or sit and watch the rising clouds change.
I happened to meet a country elder in the Woods, and I often forgot to go home when I was chatting with him.
5. On a moonlit night in Liu Fangping, Tang Dynasty
It's half a house in the deeper moonlight, and Beidou is languid in the south.
tonight, I know it's warm in spring, and the sound of insects is fresh through the green window screen.
Vernacular translation:
The night is still deeper. The moonlight only illuminates half of people's houses, and the other half is hidden in the dark.
The Big Dipper is tilted, and so is the Southern Dipper. I didn't know the coming of spring until tonight. Outside the window screen that was reflected by the leaves, the insects chirping came to the house for the first time.
4. The ancients who said that the earth was round
Around 5 BC, Pythagoras, an ancient Greek mathematician, and his disciples first put forward the idea that the earth was spherical. They advocate using mathematics to explain the universe, and think that spherical < P > is the most beautiful among all three-dimensional figures. The shape of the universe should be spherical, and all celestial bodies in the universe, including the earth, should be
spherical. It took more than 1 years for Aristotle, a famous scientist and philosopher in ancient Greece, to demonstrate for the first time that the earth is spherical. He observed the astronomical phenomena and inferred that the shape of the earth was spherical from the phenomena such as the projection of the earth on the moon during the eclipse. At that time, some people who opposed it suggested: if the earth is really spherical, why didn't people living on the other side of the earth fall into the air below? At that time,
because people didn't know about gravity, it was difficult to answer this question.
Zhang Heng, an astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, once said that "the sky is like a chicken, and the earth is as yellow as a chicken". He
compared the universe to an egg, and the earth is like the yolk in an egg. This theory is called Huntian theory, which has made great progress compared with the previous Gaitian theory < P >.
Great geographical discoveries in the 15th and 16th centuries, especially in 1519-1521, a ship
led by Magellan successfully sailed around the earth once, which provided strong evidence that the earth was spherical. At the end of the Ming dynasty,
western missionaries Matteo Ricci and Tang Ruowang came to our country and introduced scientific knowledge such as astronomy, geography and mathematics.
Only then did the translated name "Earth" appear in our country.
So, is the earth a round right sphere? At the end of 17th century, British physicist Newton
according to his theory of universal gravitation, due to the inertial centrifugal force generated by rotation, the
matter on the earth moves towards the equator, so he concluded that the earth should be a
oblate sphere with a radius of equator larger than that of polar radius. However, according to the inaccurate data obtained by Cassini, the director of the Paris Observatory, when they measured the meridian, they said that when the earth rotates around the sun, it should stretch to the two poles, and it is a long ball, not a flat ball. This argument lasted for half a century. Voltaire, a French enlightenment thinker, once said: "In London, it is considered an orange, but in Paris, it is imagined as a watermelon." It was not until the 193s that the French Academy of Sciences sent two expeditions, one to Lapland near the Arctic Circle and the other to Peru near the equator in South America, to measure the meridian lengths of the two places respectively, only to find that Cassini's measurement was
wrong, and Newton's inference was correct.
with the continuous progress of measurement technology, especially the use of artificial earth satellites, the equatorial radius and polar radius of the earth are now measured to be 6,378,14 meters and 6,356,755 meters, with a difference of 21,385 meters, and its flatness is
1/298.2. In this respect, the earth is much rounder than oranges.
in addition, it is found from the measurement that the equator of the earth is not a perfect circle, but similar to an ellipse, and the maximum
radius differs from the minimum radius by more than 2 meters. It is also found that the northern hemisphere of the earth is thinner than the southern hemisphere; The geoid (that is, the average sea level) in the Arctic < P > area is about 1 meters higher than the reference oblate sphere, and the Antarctic < P > area is about 3 meters lower. Therefore, some people compare the shape of the earth to a pear and describe the globe as a pear-shaped body.
actually, the earth is neither like an orange nor a pear, but a sphere with its own unique shape.
If we reduce this huge earth to a globe with a diameter of 1m, the equatorial radius is only more than 1mm longer than the polar radius. This slight difference cannot be expressed on the globe, so all the globes we use are still round.
Chen ershou