Water is an inorganic substance and one of the most common natural substances on the earth.
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1. Water is a compound composed of hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms, and its molecular formula is H2O. It is a transparent and colorless liquid, which usually exists in rivers, lakes, oceans, atmosphere and rocks.
Water plays many important roles on the earth. It is the foundation of life, because all living things need water to survive. Water is also the medium of many chemical reactions on the earth. It can dissolve many substances and participate in many biological processes. In addition, water also plays an important role in the earth's climate and ecosystem.
3. Water is also very important to human beings. Man needs water to sustain his life. Water is used for various daily purposes, such as drinking, bathing, washing clothes and irrigating crops. The human demand for water is very great, so measures must be taken to manage and protect the water resources on the earth.
The molecular structure of water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom arranged at a certain angle. This structure makes water molecules polar and hydrogen bonded. Polarity makes water molecules have strong electronegativity and can form hydrogen bonds with other polar substances, thus making water have good solubility and reactivity.
Classification of natural substances:
1, minerals: minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances, usually with specific chemical composition and crystal structure. Minerals can be divided into igneous minerals (such as feldspar, quartz, pyroxene, etc. ) and sedimentary minerals such as mica, gypsum, calcite, etc. ) according to their formation and chemical composition.
2. Rock: Rock is a solid substance composed of various minerals, which can be divided into magmatic rocks (such as granite, basalt and andesite), sedimentary rocks (such as limestone, shale and sandstone) and metamorphic rocks (such as gneiss, quartzite and marble).
3. Metal: Metal is an element with specific physical and chemical characteristics, which is usually used to manufacture various products. Naturally occurring metals include gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, etc.
4. Non-metal: Non-metal is an inorganic substance, which usually has high electronegativity and valence bond. Naturally occurring nonmetals include sulfur, phosphorus and silicon.
5. Biomass: Biomass refers to organic substances produced by organisms, including carbohydrates, fats, protein, nucleic acids and cellulose. These substances usually have specific structures and functions and are important components of organisms.