"Spring Snow in Qinyuan" lesson script
"Spring Snow in Qinyuan" was a class I took during the municipal public teaching week organized by our school in October 1999. Now we will explain the four aspects of teaching materials, teaching methods, learning methods and teaching procedures.
1. Teaching materials
1. The position of the teaching materials in this unit and the teaching objectives of the unit
"Qinyuan Spring Snow" 》 is arranged in the sixth unit of the fifth volume of junior high school Chinese published by the People's Education Press. It is a teaching text and ranks first among the units. This unit also includes the ancient lyrical poem "Baixuege Sends Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital" with the theme of farewell, and the contemporary poems with a strong spirit of the times "Prime Minister En, Where Are You" and "Green Shazhang - Sugar Cane Forest" , and the foreign prose poem "Haiyan" full of revolutionary passion.
The main teaching objectives of this unit are: to cultivate students' ability to read and appreciate poetry, to appreciate the poetic meaning and feel the beauty of its artistic conception; to recite it repeatedly and associate taste, not only to improve their appreciation ability; but also to feel the intensity of the poet's expression Emotions, from which we receive ideological education.
2. Establishment of the teaching objectives and key points of the teaching materials
According to the compulsory education junior middle school Chinese syllabus, students should be trained to "have a certain language perception ability" and "begin to appreciate literary works." "Ability", combined with the teaching objectives of this unit and the characteristics of the teaching materials, I set the teaching objectives of this course as:
① Guide students to appreciate the majestic, broad-minded and heroic artistic conception of poetry, and cultivate students' ability to read and appreciate poetry. ;
② Guide students to appreciate the accuracy and concise charm of language, and develop students’ ability to think in images;
③ Guide students to understand the words praising the majestic rivers and mountains of the motherland and the heroism of the proletarian revolution emotion.
The first two points focus on ability goals, and the latter point focuses on moral education goals. This is in line with the six-level cognitive theory of the classification of teaching objectives by the famous psychologist Bloom and others. The third layer of Xiaque in the word is the finishing touch of the whole word, expressing the main idea of ??the whole word, so it is set as the focus of teaching; the description of scenery in the upper part of the word is the basis for Xiaque to comment on the past and the present, and it serves as a foreshadowing; the purpose of commenting on the past in the lower part is to praise the present. Today - this is the author's intention. For junior high school students, it is difficult to understand and is designated as a teaching difficulty.
2. Preaching method
This lesson mainly uses Reading method, questioning method and practice method.
Reading method: "Three points of poems and seven points of reading". From the perspective of the teaching process, the reading teaching will be implemented throughout the classroom. First read the whole word-listen and read the whole word-guided reading of the whole word. , and finally read in groups; in terms of method, play the recording, guide students to listen and read as required, help students deeply understand the emotional connotation of the text, and alternately use multiple methods such as turn-based reading, listening reading, individual reading, joint reading, and scattered reading. Guide students to truly learn to read, read the meaning of words, appreciate and understand the beautiful language and beautiful artistic conception of words, and use this to implement the teaching purpose.
In order to train students’ image thinking ability in classroom teaching, I put more effort into thinking. Based on the principle of cognition, we designed and tried the "link-thimble" questioning teaching method. The four groups of questions "cut in", "continues", "deepens" and "extends", striving to solve the upper and lower problems of words and the key points of teaching in one go. and difficult points, and there are 18 small questions under the four groups of questions, one after another like "idiom solitaire", forming a kind of "questioning", bringing out all the content of the entire text analysis, hoping to deepen students' understanding of Text understanding to achieve the purpose of developing students' image thinking - this is the questioning method.
Cybernetics tells us that "to achieve effective control" there must be "feedback", and the more timely the feedback, the better. Therefore, I designed 2 feedback test questions and used practice teaching methods to provide timely feedback on the effectiveness of classroom teaching. This is the practice method.
This lesson uses a reading tape of "Qinyuan Spring Snow" for listening and reading training, which directly serves the reading method; the "I Love You, Snow in Saibei" vcd film is used to introduce the new lesson, which is vivid Vivid; the use of the VCD film "Spring Snow in Qinyuan" and the text illustration "So Many Beautiful Lands" provide a guarantee for cultivating students' image thinking. Projectors and printed materials enhance the intuitiveness of teaching, increase classroom capacity, and improve teaching efficiency.
4. Lecture Method
In today’s information age, the most serious challenge facing modern education is no longer how to make the educated learn knowledge, but how to make them learn study. As Edgar Fuhr said: "The illiterate people of the future will no longer be illiterate people, but people who have not learned how to learn." Ye Lao also said: "Anyone who teaches must hope to achieve the goal of not teaching." "Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the guidance of students in studying law.
In this lesson, reading training is implemented throughout the classroom, guiding students to feel the beauty of the word's sound, form, and meaning in the process of reading, analyzing, and explaining, while also teaching An important method for students to learn poetry--the reading method.
Throughout the teaching process, I attach great importance to allowing students to actively participate and learn from each other. To this end, a large number of activities are arranged for students to use their brains, words and hands-on activities.
Based on the principle of "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" in systems theory, the five-person discussion group discussion activity was used to divide the whole class into 13 major groups, determine the speaking representatives, and mobilize the enthusiasm of students at all levels, which achieved good results.
In addition, pay attention to the development of students' study habits. For example, establishing preview steps and providing preview methods before class has become a routine; advocating "no reading without writing" is advocated to allow students to develop the habit of reading with circles and outlines.
4. Lecture teaching procedure
The first step is to introduce a new lesson and play the clip of the VCD film "I Love You, Snow in Saibei" on the projector. From the soft and affectionate snow in the north that "nourishes the spring wheat seedlings and spring flowers and leaves" to the heroic snow in the north. This introduction attracts students audio-visually, creates an atmosphere, and starts students' image thinking. Writing topics on the blackboard.
The second step is to introduce the background. Show the historical background of the poet's creation, guide students to understand the historical mission of Mao Zedong in a specific historical period, and help students understand the content of the word and the purpose of the word.
The third step is to read the whole word for the first time. After solving the problem, name the students to read the upper and lower questions in turn. The whole class listens to the reading and checks the students' self-reading status before class. In view of the pronunciation of students who are prone to misspellings, we use projectors to teach the correct pronunciation. On this basis, we guide students to appreciate the beauty of the pronunciation of words in the form of simultaneous reading and initially perceive the teaching materials.
Step 4: Listen and read the whole word. Students are required to close their eyes and listen to the reading, associate beautiful pictures, initially feel the beauty of the image of the word, and train students' ability to think in images.
Step 5: Introduce the whole word. First, let students form a discussion group of five people to discuss the four major questions projected on the screen using a projector:
1. The upper part of the word What kind of picture does the sentence paint?
2. How does the author of the sentence comment on the ancient emperors?
3. Please find the main idea. How do you understand and use this sentence? Words? -
4. Some people say that there is no connection between describing the scene in the upper column and commenting on the past and present in the lower column. What do you think?
After 3 minutes of group discussion, the students The teacher throws out the 18 "serial questions" that form the characteristics of thimble under the four big questions designed earlier in order, giving full play to the teacher's leading role and leading the students deeply into the text. Strive to allow students to have sparks of thinking blooming in every sentence of text understanding. These 18 small questions are:
1. What picture does the poem paint for us? (Northern Snow Scenery Blackboard Book "Scenery")
2. The author's basis for appreciating the snowy scenery of the North Where is the point? (On a plateau a thousand meters high)
3. You can - (see from afar) by climbing high. There is a word at the top of the word that can express this meaning. This word is - ( see).
4. What specific scenery did the author see from high places? (The Great Wall, rivers, mountains, plateaus)
5. (Analysis of the "Great Wall" and "River" After sentence) If the terms Great Wall and Yellow River themselves carry majestic momentum, then how does the author endow mountains and plateaus with unrestrained momentum? (Use metaphors, personification, and turn silence into movement...)
< p> 6. Are all the above feelings seen by the author? (Not entirely) What factors are involved in them? (association, imagination)7. In addition, what else has the author done? Association and imagination? (Imagine in the snow the magnificent scenery of the red sun in the sky and the white snow) (Insert 1 minute of student reading training)
8. Which sentence in the word can summarize this sentence? A majestic and majestic painting? (The country is so beautiful) (Use a projector to display the textbook illustrations and write "The country is so beautiful" on the blackboard)
9. Obviously this is a continuation of the previous sentence and summarizes the previous sentence. , is there any opening sentence that always starts with Xia Qiu? (Inducing countless heroes to bow their waists)
10. This shows that Xia Qiu changes from scene to person. What heroes are written about? (Qin Huang, Han Wu, Tang Dynasty) Zongzong, Song Zu, and Genghis Khan) ("Comments on Ancient Emperors" written on the blackboard)
11. Tell me what you know about them (talented and strategic, with great military exploits...)
12. Which word does the author use to summarize his evaluation of the five historical heroes? (Xi) (Write "Xi" on the blackboard)
13. (After summarizing the expressive role of the word "Xi" in the word "Xi") There are several words with similar functions, please look for them.
(slightly, slightly, only)
14. What is the purpose of the author commenting on the ancients in this way? (Commenting on the past is to praise the present) ("Ode" written on the blackboard)
15. Praising today What kind of person? (The masses of the people and the heroes of the proletarian revolution) (Write "the masses of the people" on the blackboard)
16. Then the theme sentence is - (Count the famous figures, but also look at the present day) (Write "theme" on the blackboard)
17. How do you understand this sentence? (To truly be called a hero who can make great achievements, we should look at the people today) (Insert students to read the next line for 1 minute)
18. What is the relationship between the two, describing the scenery and commenting on the past and praising the present? (The former is the foundation. It is precisely because "the country is so beautiful" that it has attracted countless heroes. It is natural to comment on the past and praise the present. )
These 18 questions range from easy to difficult, from known to unknown, and are in line with students’ cognitive rules. Some serve as a foreshadowing, some as a transition, some as a source of thought, and some as a guide. It activates the atmosphere and enables students to "jump and pick the fruit." Through the continuous questioning and guided reading method, students' understanding and knowledge of words have been greatly deepened, and the key points and teaching difficulties of this course have been basically broken through. How to strike while the iron is hot and then strengthen it with a heavy hammer?
The fifth step is to appreciate the full words and play the vcd film "Spring Snow in Qinyuan", aiming to mobilize the students' image through the synergy of audio-visual and sensory perception. The accumulation of thinking can ignite the fire point of students' image thinking from both subjective and objective aspects, so that students' image thinking can ignite a raging fire.
At this point, the classroom teaching has reached its climax and seems to come to an abrupt end. However, cybernetics tells us that to achieve effective control, there must be "feedback", and the more timely the feedback, the better. I introduced 2 "feedback test questions" to provide feedback on the effectiveness of classroom teaching. The two questions set 8 choices around the teaching objectives to check students' mastery of the teaching objectives. At the same time, considering that junior high school students are facing entrance exams, attention should be paid to testing students' ability to review questions. One question requires selecting the correct item, and one question requires selecting the incorrect item.
The last step, homework assignment, requires students to associate, imagine, and use a paragraph to describe the northern snow scene that comes to mind when reciting this word. This is a way to use reading to promote writing in teaching and combine the development of students' image thinking ability with the improvement of students' reading and writing abilities.
Above I have elaborated on the ideas for this lesson from four aspects. Please criticize and correct any shortcomings.
Attachments:
Blackboard design:
Spring Snow in Qinyuan
Mao Zedong
Scenery: Beautiful Country ( Hope)
Comment: Ancient Emperors (Cherish)
Ode: The People (Principle)
Authentic material:
Qinyuanchun (qìn) Extraordinarily (fèn)
Enchanting (ráo) Lesser (xùn)
Number of romantic figures (shǔ) Suyu (guǒ)
Feedback Materials:
1. The correct statement below is ( )
① The sentence that can summarize the content of the above sentence is "Looking at the red dress, it is extremely enchanting."
②The sentence that can summarize the content of the whole word is "leading countless heroes to bend their waists."
③ "大河上下" does not mean the upper and lower parts of the Yellow River, but the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River.
④ "It must be a clear day to see the red dress, which is particularly enchanting." It means that only when the sky is clear can you see the magnificent scenery of the red sun and white snow.
2. The following statement is wrong ( )
①The content of "Wang" is "Inside and outside the Great Wall... I want to compete with God." The characters of "Cherish" are "Qin Emperor Han Wu", "Tang Zong Song Zu" and "Genghis Khan".
②The upper part of this poem writes about the snowy scenery of the north and praises the great rivers and mountains of the motherland; the lower part comments on historical figures and praises contemporary heroes.
③The purpose of commenting on the present in the lower part of the poem is to comment on the past, and to comment on the ancient and modern characters is to describe the scene. The whole word mainly expresses the author's patriotic enthusiasm.
④ "The mountain dances with silver snakes, and the original Chi wax figure" combines the rhetorical methods of antithesis, metaphor and personification, "dance", "chi" and "silver"
"Wax" The writing is vivid and vivid, bringing the mountains and plateaus to life.
The above is a sample article I compiled for you, I hope you like it;