After reading Peony Pavilion 1 If you want to feel sincere and romantic love, you must watch Peony Pavilion. Created in 1598, it is one of the representative works of Tang Xianzu, a playwright in Ming Dynasty. Exquisite and colorful sentences and the beautiful and persistent feelings between the protagonists make people intoxicated and sigh. Its full name, The Peony Pavilion, is also known as Tang Yuming's Four Dreams, together with The Purple Hairpin, Handan and Conan, which shows that its achievements are high and spread to later generations, especially its classic sentences, which are well-known even today.
The heroine of the story is Du Liniang, the daughter of Du Bao, the prefect of Nan 'an. When she visited the park, she was moved by the scenery. After coming back, she had a tryst with Liu Mengmei, a hero scholar, in the Peony Pavilion in her sleep. Since then, she died of illness, and her burial place was built as the plum blossom view. Scholar Liu Mengmei accidentally picked up the self-portrait of Du Liniang's martyrdom with the eyes of staying overnight, only to know that this is the woman who dreamed of trysting with herself in the peony pavilion. In the evening, Du Liniang's soul explained the story to scholars, so Liu Mengmei dug the grave and Du Liniang was resurrected. They got married and accompanied them to Lin 'an. Later, although they met many difficulties and obstacles, they overcame them and had a firm feeling, and finally they had a happy ending.
After reading this article, I am not only gratified that their relationship has been completed, but also admire Du Liniang's courage to pursue true love.
Her desperate struggle for the ideal marriage reflects women's yearning for love, which has anti-feudal significance and value. As we know, Du Liniang lived in a family with serious feudal thoughts. His father wanted Du Liniang to be a lady, that is, to be a good wife and mother at home, to abide by the corresponding moral norms, to be bound by artificial dogma, to have no freedom of thought, to be isolated from the world, and to suppress his wishes. Indeed, in the male-dominated society, ancient women could not liberate their individuality, but only buried the anguish and depression of losing their freedom in their hearts, and became numb over time. I don't know whether this is hateful or sad. But Du Liniang is different. Even though she was surrounded by feudal shackles, she still stubbornly resisted. In particular, her psychological desire to meet a scholar in a dream reflects her strong desire for freedom. In the end, she would rather die than pursue the love in her heart, which is worthy of praise. It is also her persistent spirit and attitude that enables her to overcome the obstacles built by the secular world and finally get the happiness she wants. This work reflects the destruction of people's thoughts by feudal ethics, encourages women's ideological emancipation, and has a strong charm of the times.
I have to say that this touching love story is inseparable from Tang Xianzu's gorgeous rhetoric, and I especially like several classic words in it. One of them is "I don't know what the situation is. After a long time, the living can die and the dead can live." "People who are born but can't be born and die, and those who die and can't be resurrected, are not sentimental." Love is life and death, life and death, affection, unforgettable. Putting out the fire for the moth of love, even if it may not have a happy ending, is also the true feelings of the world.
The Peony Pavilion has inspired countless people who really love each other with a happy ending. "I don't know what I'm doing, but I'm getting deeper." Love is so wonderful, so touching. There may be many unknown factors that hinder us from moving forward on the road of love, but if we have Du Liniang's strong and brave determination, then lovers will eventually break through the obstacles and everything will be fine.
The Peony Pavilion is mainly about a poor scholar, Liu Mengmei, who dreamed that a beautiful woman was standing under a plum tree in a garden and told him that they were married. Since then, Liu Mengmei has often missed her. Du Bao, the magistrate of Nan 'an, also has a female name, Li Niang, who is outstanding in talent and looks, reads widely and likes reading. After reading the Book of Songs Guan Ju, she was injured by spring and looked for spring. When she came back from the garden, she saw a scholar weeping willows in his sleep. They met at the Peony Pavilion. Since then, Du Liniang has been lovesick, and he can't afford it. Before she died, she asked her mother to bury her under the plum tree in the garden, and asked Chunxiang, the maid, to hide her self-portrait under the stone in Taihu Lake. His father was promoted to Huaiyang, entrusted Chen Liangliang to bury his daughter, and built a "plum blossom view". Three years later, Liu Mengmei went to Beijing to take the exam, spent the night in Meihua Temple, and found a portrait of Du Liniang under the stone of Taihu Lake, and found that Du Liniang was the beauty he had seen in his dream. Du Liniang's soul wandered into the backyard, and Liu Mengmei met again. Later, Liu Mengmei dug a grave and opened a coffin, and Du Liniang was resurrected. They got married and went to Lin 'an. Du Liniang's teacher, Chen Liangliang, saw Du Liniang's grave being dug, so he condemned Liu Mengmei's grave robbery. Entrusted by Du Liniang, Liu Mengmei wrote home to announce the good news of rejuvenation after taking the exam in Lin 'an, and was imprisoned by Du Bao as a result. After the list was published, Liu Mengmei changed from a prisoner to a champion, but Du Bao refused to recognize her daughter's marriage and forced her to divorce. This argument appeared before the emperor, and Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei finally got married.
The love description in The Peony Pavilion has the ideological height and characteristics of the times that some previous love dramas can't match. The author clearly regards this rebellious love as the breakthrough of ideological liberation and personality liberation, and no longer stays in the narrow sense of opposing parents' orders and matchmakers' words. The author let the young men and women in the play risk their lives for love, which not only has a strong romantic color, but also gives love great power to overcome everything and transcend life and death. The brand-new drama concept is expressed by brand-new characters, which is one of the most outstanding achievements of Peony Pavilion. Undoubtedly, it has shaped the image of Du Liniang and provided a glorious image for the China Literary Figures Gallery. The biggest feature of Du Liniang's personality is his persistent pursuit of love. She died for love, born to love. Her death was not only the real result of young women's pursuit of love in the real society at that time, but also a means for her to transcend the bondage of reality.
There is no doubt that Du Liniang is the author's brilliant work, and the basic tendency of the theme of Peony Pavilion is reflected in it. The image of Du Liniang tells us that love is more than just a satisfactory husband. She loves Liu Mengmei, not only because he is "young, affectionate" and "talented" like Cui Yingying loves Zhang Junrui, but because they have the same pursuit of human nature. Du Liniang's parents are against their love precisely because they demand the natural development of nature. That is to say, in the eyes of her parents, as a girl, thinking about men, she has her own love requirements, and she has committed a dogma. Yingying's mother didn't have this idea, only thought that the son-in-law she was looking for should be suitable. Therefore, what Du Liniang pursues is man's natural requirements, that is, "natural feelings", that is, "desires": sexual desire and lust, not just a happy marriage between men and women. Her parents just don't allow her to have this kind of "desire", not to be a person, not to have human rights. When the two sides clashed, Du Liniang resisted, even with his life. This conflict is aimed at feudal ethics and Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, as well as the feudal consciousness of suppressing human nature. Therefore, the love written in Peony Pavilion is far beyond the scope of love. It openly advocates the recovery and return of human nature, showing the tendency of pursuing human nature and demanding individual liberation, that is, destroying natural principles, praising people's desires, and loudly calling for breaking the shackles of neo-Confucianism in order to gain recognition and respect for living natural people.
Du Liniang is touching, not only because she poured out her inner feelings and yearning for happiness, but also because she dared to enter the dream world, pursue her dream lover and realize her yearning for happiness and happiness. After waking up, she was unwilling to give up her dream and went to "dream". She also devoted her life to the pursuit of ideal love and died for "love". Moreover, "although she died nine times without regrets", she never forgot her feelings in the underworld, and finally broke through the boundary between life and death because of infatuation, came back to life, realized ideal happiness, and combined with her dream lover. Du Liniang's persistence and indomitable faith have spanned thousands of years and regions, with all those who love * * *. Even if the social environment and morality do not allow it, in our inner world, happy imagination can soar, and we can experience the beautiful vision of Du Like Li Niang written by Tang Xianzu. "But it's impossible to miss each other. Peony Pavilion crosses the third road." Even if you can't get it in this life, there may be an afterlife.
Peony Pavilion not only has profound ideological connotation, but also has outstanding artistic achievements. The first is to introduce romanticism into legendary creation. First of all, what runs through the whole work is Du Liniang's strong pursuit of ideals. Secondly, the artistic conception is fantastic, which makes the plot bizarre and tortuous. Third, observe life and express characters from the ideal height of "emotion". Second, in the aspect of characterization, we pay attention to showing the inner world of the characters, and tap the subtle feelings of the characters, so that they can be revealed in form and spirit, thus giving them distinctive personality characteristics and profound cultural connotations. Third, the language is rich and colorful and the artistic conception is far-reaching. The whole play uses lyrics to pour out the feelings of the characters. On the other hand, it has a peculiar, sharp, steep and slender language style. These characteristics have always been deeply affirmed. Some lyrics are still popular today. Show a high artistic standard.
The theme of Peony Pavilion lies in the word "love", which is developed with the concepts of "love to the extreme", "love to the truth" and "love to the depths": the first book was inspired by "love in dreams", the second book became "ghost love" and the third book came down to "human love". The Peony Pavilion can be said to be an epic love story, a continuation of the Romance of the West Chamber and the Red Chamber. It is a peak in China's romantic literary tradition. The significance of The Peony Pavilion lies in affirming the objectivity and rationality of love desire by visual means and strongly criticizing the unreasonable "civilization". The Peony Pavilion is similar in thought to The Romance of the West Chamber, but The Romance of the West Chamber focuses on the feelings before desire, while The Peony Pavilion focuses on the feelings after desire. The Romance of the West Chamber describes the natural development of emotions, and more expresses the good wishes of all sentient beings in the world, while The Peony Pavilion particularly highlights the conflict between emotion (desire) and reason (ceremony), emphasizing the objectivity and rationality of emotions. This difference is caused by the difference of the times.
In fact, in literary works, it is not surprising that ghosts and gods are resurrected after death and put down their hearts to take care of them. Tang Xianzu said well, "I don't know what the situation is, but if this continues, the living can die, the dead can live, the living can't live with the dead, and the dead can't be resurrected." The truth is coming. I love you to death. It's nothing more than normal. After reading The Peony Pavilion, I became interested in Yuan Dynasty operas, especially the beautiful lyrics.
There is a book in Peony Pavilion, which is best read in the quiet night, and that is Peony Pavilion. There is a song on the shelf that is best to sing, and that is Peony Pavilion. There is a kind of love that is best sung in Where Are You Going? That is Peony Pavilion.
Secretly folding the corner of the last page, I asked myself: what is a dream? Yu Dan said that dreams are only about complexity, just about a person's inner experience. However, Tang Xianzu said: Why is the love in the dream not true? Are there few people in dreams in heaven and earth? And I want to say: the dream is very simple, that is, to get rid of the boudoir courtyard, to be suddenly enlightened, to see who you really are, and to pick up the lost truth. To tell the truth, it was originally colorful, but now it seems so attached to that broken well. Today's weather is really nice, it's really pleasant! This is my deep memory of the Peony Pavilion.
Du Liniang, who was born in an official's family, was moved by the love story described in The Book of Songs Guan Ju. Liang Jian scholar Liu Mengmei courted Yang Liu. Then she celebrated and met the Peony Pavilion. As everyone knows, Du Liniang envies others all over the place during the day, and thinks at night, so he can't afford to get sick and regrets for life. After her death, her mother buried her under the plum tree in the garden and then moved to Meihua Temple. Maid Chunxiang hid Li Niang's self-portrait under the stone in Taihu Lake. Liu Mengmei went to Beijing to catch the exam, stayed in the temple, picked up the scroll and remembered the beauty of her dreams. Regardless of the danger of being executed, he dug up Du Liniang's grave and brought her back to life. After many twists and turns, they finally got married by the emperor, and then they stayed together, met and fell in love. If fate is doomed to three lives, even if you survive through rebirth, you will be cherished.
Peony Pavilion is different from Song of Eternal Sorrow. It has no palace, no jade pot, only peony flowers, apricot blossom rain, bluestone bridge, all the love, and a love full of dreams and lovesickness. Perhaps if Li Niang didn't get rid of the boudoir courtyard and didn't see the beautiful scenery blowing in the courtyard, swaying like a ray of spring, would this love be locked in the dust and not easy to appear? No, it will appear. Because there are two refined hearts behind. This is the very happy beauty given to me by the Peony Pavilion. In an era when Neo-Confucianism was suppressed and feudal society was coerced, was it a blessing or a curse for Du Liniang to release his personality and pursue happiness? I said, this is a blessing. Feudal thought made her become more and more stubborn and heroic from being passive to Nuo Nuo. She dared to give up her life for love, and she dared to argue in court and call a spade a spade. Only excellent people who strive for freedom and self-confidence will become more and more reasonable. I think this is the truth, and the pigeon in the Book of Songs is the beginning of Li Niang's search for truth. In fact, everyone has a lack of authenticity and a lack of true self. Li Niang should not be willing to be ethical, so she transcends herself and seeks happiness; Lin Bu shouldn't live in the filthy officialdom, so he hides by the lake and has a beautiful wife and crane; Yan Ziling should not be complacent, so he dreams of green mountains and green waters and is free. Please believe that people are sometimes small, so small that their eyes are clear that they will be regarded as ice mounds by others, and glory will stand beside them, but they cannot be blessed. But sometimes people are strong because they are small. If he believes in himself and surpasses himself, he is really strong.
I think we should turn over the first page again, because the little story of love has no end, and its completion has no end. Tonight is also a quiet night.
Comments on Peony Pavilion 4 were made by Cui Yingying before her and Lin Daiyu after her. How similar they are, but they can't agree. This is Du Liniang.
Parents' orders, matchmakers' words and ordinary words have broken up many marriages. Why can't a lover get married? Why can't we fall in love? No one answered, because Neo-Confucianism does not allow it, because ethics does not allow it.
Throughout the ages, if you say that women have feelings, you should be a beautiful woman. "Women in the world have feelings, it is better to be Du Like Li Niang!" The first lesson in her life was Guan Ju. The ancients thought it was a book praising the virtue of empresses and women's boudoir, but in Li Niang's eyes, it was clearly a love song. She is in her youth, why should she live in the boudoir every day? She insisted on getting out of the cage.
"A saint has a thousand words, but you have to put down his heart. What is a spring injury? " Li Niang is partial. Seeing yagyu in the garden, I was shocked when I saw him. If I don't see the garden, how do I know that spring scenery is like this? How do I know that I miss you like this? "The original colorful, like this have been paid to the broken well ruins. Which day is beautiful, who is happy! " Like flowers, how can Li Canniang feel sorry for herself in the secluded boudoir? The father sympathized with his daughter's ignorance. "Young women, swimming in the air with bright makeup is the most inappropriate." They are busy cultivating Chunxiang, but I don't know that Chunxiang can stop Li Niang from igniting mutual affection. When you wake up, you will find a dream. The most charming spring is this year. "Go to the yard, go to the yard!" Li Niang is eager to find dreams, but obviously people can't catch soul dreams. The idiot sighed, "This kind of flowers and plants is loved by people, and life and death follow people's wishes, so it is sour and clear." I can't find it, I can't find it, and I've been in my dream.
Dream back to people, boudoir deep soul pin, Li Niang "tears have dried up", poor people haggard. "Chunxiang, I remember that the scholar in my dream once gave me a willow tree." I was happy for a while, but my heart turned to concentration. "I'm scared. I'm dark and bright, and I've become a golden house." I thought about it day and night, and I was ill for half a year. His father was in tears and asked someone to take medicine, but Kenai said, "There is only a mother who pities women, and there is no divination or medical skill!" " . The world is only busy for yin and yang. Who can understand without a lover?
Don't frown, don't laugh, it's unfortunate to be young. "Nothing in the world is better than love, and the whole heart is broken." The cold rain in the window is quiet, and the lights fall and people die. Li Niang was ill, and her soul returned to ghosts and springs, and disappeared from the world. In Yan Fu's temple, the ghost condemned her to the nether world and brought her soul back.
Clouds hold the moon, bluebirds swim, Li Niang searches, and Liu Qing goes to the underworld. Liu Qing also felt the deep love. She was sad all night and sat there unable to sleep. "A ghost tells a story at night, and the couple will be 100 years old." Yagyu wants to live for Li Niang, and this life is only for Li Niang. He has nowhere to go, covering himself with weeds and looking at the lonely grave. Alas, in the peony pavilion, people are still the same! "I'm Liu Mengmei, miss, and I'm dying."
After feeling, the dream was reopened, and the dust had been sealed for a long time, and fireworks came out again. Liu Lang, Li Niang's wife, "Liu Lang, tonight I know that there is happiness in the world."
"A happy night of love was swept away by the word fame. Drink three glasses of this wine. There are four Chanjuan people standing outside Ma Wu Geng's door in the moonlight, listening to the noise of Sixth Street. After only seven steps, I boarded the eight treasures of the cold palace. Shen Zui sees the ninth spring scenery, and sees the flowers in ten miles. " The boudoir doesn't know military affairs, and Li Niang doesn't know. When Li Niang went to court, she realized that it was more terrible than a ghost temple.
From the perspective of Sanshengshi, Viva Taiwan distinguishes between true and false, and the marriage is over. Liu Mengmei, the No.1 scholar, is married to Du Liniang, Fengyang and Jun, except for a bachelor's degree from the Imperial Academy.
Neo-Confucianism and feudal ethics oppress human nature. Can people be ruthless? Can love be bound? Li Niang's love is firmly following her heart. Even if she is buried underground for three years, she will find her husband and come back to life after death. As the book says, "I don't know what I'm doing, but I'm passionate about it." The living can die, the dead can live, the living can't live with the dead, and the dead can't be raised. "
Whenever I mention the word Li Niang, I can't help but think of Daiyu. Both of them lived under feudal ethics. The so-called love has never been recognized by the world. When it comes to marriage, they must obey their parents, either they are suitable for each other or they are pawns in marriage. Just like Li Niang's pursuit of dream plum, just like Dai Yu's longing for Baoyu, Li Niang's resistance is better than Cui Yingying's, while Dai Yu's resistance is better than Li Niang's, but Li Niang's resistance is fruitful, and she finally got a happy life, while Dai Yu died with a grudge.
No matter how much oppression there is, there will be much resistance. How can the feudal "reason" be greater than the word "love"? But after all, a sentence of "observing heaven and destroying human desires", a sentence of three obedience and four virtues, or how many mandarin ducks, or how many love stories are missing from the whole world. No matter who it is, there is no reason to stop lovers from getting married, to stop people's yearning for a happy life, and to bind women and their beautiful years.
A "Peony Pavilion" sings how many desolations and absurdities there are in the world, and what seems to be affectionate in the world.
After reading the Peony Pavilion, I bought The West Chamber in high school. I didn't finish it, but I only knew that some poems in it were beautiful. This time, it took several days to turn over the peony pavilion and attach notes. There are several pauses, and each stage feels different. At first, it went well. I have returned the book. I can't tell you where I am. When I told it more than ten times, I thought it was just a dream. Is it worth the trouble to make it into a play? But this is only temporary. The story is based on a series of coincidences, which are also true. I'm not satisfied with the ending, it's not deep enough and it's not realistic. It is absolutely an accident, even a miracle, to have such an ending. As long as there is a little common sense, such as how did Liu Mengmei get to Meihua Temple? It happened that he slipped by a bridge in Nan 'an and was met by Chen Liangliang. If he hadn't met him, he wouldn't have entered the Meihua Temple or the back garden, and the play would have been over.
This incredible accident is endless. I really want to practice. How many times does it take to succeed? However, the story is so arranged and so coincidental, we will not pursue it any more. Fortunately, Tang Xianzu's writing skills and poetic accomplishment are very good, and all the plays are written in lyrics, which is beautiful. Du Liniang's image is very charming and lovely. Although Liu Mengmei likes to boast that she is Optimus Prime's treasure, it is also a coincidence that she really won the first prize. I'm crazy about Du Liniang. It has some advantages. Chen Liangliang's image is also very successful from beginning to end. Du Jia's family education is good, and I have a good impression of Du Bao. I have great affection for my wife and daughter, and I still do my duty. It is the moment when the battle of Huai city is liquidated. I think I'll do something smart. I didn't want to write two letters to send King Liu and his wife away, but I didn't expect this letter to be sent away. That's a coincidence. Du Pingzhang's performance in the last play is particularly eye-catching. He insisted on human rational judgment in the face of great public pressure. It is said that his daughter has been dead for three years, and a grave was dug for Yagyu who came back from the dead to be saved. Yagyu also entered the room without saying hello and got married (which was very contrary to the customs and traditions at that time), so he thought that Du Pingzhang would soon recognize his daughter and daughter, and the happy ending became more and more boring. I didn't expect Mr. Pingzhang to be so persistent, pushing public opinion, insisting on rational judgment and not being moved by emotions. People with a little scientific knowledge don't believe that a person can be resurrected after three years in a coffin buried underground. I don't believe it. Of course, in order to maintain his reputation and discipline, Master Du Can can't say nothing, but I don't think this is the main thing. Du Lao's persistence not only shows Du Lao's righteousness, but also makes the whole play form a continuous climax at the end. Tang Xianzu deserves to be a great playwright.
When it comes to Liu Mengmei, Liu Sheng is definitely different from ordinary weak scholars in my opinion. One thing is very clear. He is a strong man. Du Xiaoniang returned to the grave, weak and in urgent need of meditation. Shi asked if there was any sedative for Chen Jueliang. Chen Jueliang said that the trousers of Zhuangmen had been burned into a gray suit, so he tried Bailing. This glorious nature is duty-bound to fall on yagyu. Liu Mengmei is unambiguous. She cut it down on the spot, burned it in the water and gave it to Teacher Du. The result proved to be effective. This shows that three generations of doctors in Chen Liangliang are not famous, which more eloquently shows that Yagyu is really a strong man. There is also the windfall of Zhongshan Aobao, and a banquet in Huaicheng contradicts Master Du. It is impossible without courage.
A long time ago, R told me about Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei. At that time, I didn't read the original, so I didn't know much about the story, and I was ashamed. I can see that other people think I should know. At that time, I was not honest enough to say that I had never seen Peony Pavilion. Now that I have finished reading it, I feel very comfortable. In fact, in literary works, it is not surprising that ghosts and gods are resurrected after death and put down their hearts to take care of them. Tang Xianzu said well, "I don't know what the situation is, but if this continues, the living can die, the dead can live, the living can't live with the dead, and the dead can't be resurrected." The truth is coming. I love you to death. It's nothing more than normal.