The senior official accepted it without distinguishing whether it was appropriate or not. Call it, and the people in the street will be blessed; Begging for help is too much.
Is it for the splendor of the house, the service of my wives and the poor people who know how to appreciate me? For the beauty of the palace, the matter of wives and concubines, the poor have me and you? Hometown is free from physical death, and today is the beauty of the palace; Hometown is not subject to physical death, and now it is regarded as a wife and concubine; I don't want to die in my hometown, but now I want to do it for the poor and needy: yes or no? This is called the loss of humanity.
I want fish and bear's paw. If I can't get both at the same time, I will have to give up fish and choose bear's paw. Life is as I wish, and righteousness is as I wish. If I can't get both at the same time, I will have to give up my life and choose justice. Life is what I want, but what I pursue is more important than life, so I don't drag out an ignoble existence; I hate death, but there are things more annoying than death, so some disasters are unavoidable. If what people pursue is not beyond life, then what means can be used to survive can not be used? If people hate nothing more than death, what can't be done to avoid disaster? You can survive by some means, but some people refuse to use it; Some methods can avoid disaster, but some people refuse to adopt them. It can be seen that they are pursuing something more precious than life (that is "righteousness"); What they hate is something worse than death (that is, "injustice"). Not only sages have this nature, everyone has it, but sages have not lost it.
A bowl of rice, a bowl of soup, you can live if you eat it, or you will starve if you don't eat it. But the hungry people passing by refused to accept impolite shouting for others to eat; Kicking (or stepping on) others to eat, beggars are unwilling to accept it. If I accept a high salary without knowing whether it is in line with etiquette, what good will it do me? Are you grateful to me for the splendor of the house, the service of wives and concubines, and the poor people who are unfamiliar? In the past, (some people) would rather die than accept (eat a bean soup), but now (some people) accept (ten thousand bell salary) for gorgeous residence; In the past (some people) would rather die than accept (eating a bean soup), but now (some people) accept (the service of exchanging 10 thousand bells for wives); In the past (some people would rather die than accept it), now (some people) accept (10 thousand bell salary) to appreciate themselves for the poor people they know. Can't you stop doing this? If you do this, it is called losing his nature.
1. From the perspective of argumentation methods, this paper mainly adopts comparative argumentation in addition to "citing examples".
Methods, strongly proved the central argument (you can't have your cake and eat it, but you can't give up your life for righteousness).
2. Choose item (a) that you read incorrectly.
A, this paper takes "fish" as the meaning and "bear's paw" as the life;
B the word "yes" in "those who are not independent of saints have their hearts" refers to "this nature", that is, "the heart of shame and evil"; The original sentence means "those who want more than the living and those who hate more than the dead".
C, "this is called losing its true heart." The word "this" in this sentence means "ten thousand bells", for the beauty of the palace, for the matter of wives and concubines, and for those who need me to know poverty.
D, the direct cause of "born without roots, born without roots" is "born with what I want" and "dead with what I hate".
3. Choose the misunderstood item (d) in this article.
First, this passage uses the method of positive and negative argument to demonstrate the central argument.
B, the first paragraph is mainly about reasoning, and the second paragraph is mainly about enumerating examples.
C, the sentence that can best summarize the whole theme in this article is "fish, what I want, bear's paw, but what I want, I can't have both, and those who give up fish take bear's paw."
D. this passage uses rhetorical methods such as metaphor, contrast and parallelism to praise the spirit of giving up one's life for justice and criticize those dignitaries who only covet wealth and honor without paying attention to courtesy, justice and shame. It has played a role in highlighting the central argument.
3. Summary paragraph meaning: Part I (section 1): It is human nature to sacrifice one's life for righteousness.
The second part: It discusses that it is an act of losing nature to see profit and forget righteousness.
The second section illustrates the existence of righteousness with positive examples.
Section 3 takes the opposite example. Accepting 10,000 minutes is the loss of human nature. Criticism sees profit and forgets righteousness)
What is more precious than life refers to morality, and what is more terrible than death refers to the loss of morality.
5. What is human nature? Give one's life for a just cause
6. What argumentation methods are used in this paper? Give examples.
* Metaphorical argument, comparative argument, example argument and reason argument.
At the beginning of the article, we don't directly get to the point, but start with what people may encounter in life. What are the advantages of this writing?
* Raise the visibility of the issues to be discussed and pave the way for the next discussion.
8. Contrast is used many times in this article. Please give an example.
* Fish and bear's paw, life and death (righteousness), comparison with today, etc.
9. Write "fish" and "bear's paw". "Can't you have both?" What is the intention of taking "bear's paw"?
* It is intended to show that people often encounter things that need to be chosen in their lives. If you can't have both, people will choose something with higher value and use this thing as a metaphor for the truth of "giving one's life for righteousness"
10, everyone who is not unique has a heart. What does it mean to be a heart?
If you can't have life and righteousness at the same time, you should give up your life for righteousness.
XIV. Openness
1. In the history of our country, many people regard the views in this article as their own life principles and the highest moral standards to pursue.
Beg. Please give an example that can be praised by the viewpoint of this article according to the relevant knowledge you have mastered. 3 points (less than 40 words)
* Wen Tianxiang is not moved by the temptation of a senior official in the Yuan Dynasty (requirements: typical cases, slightly analyzed, only named without extra points)
2. Before being killed by the Yuan Army, Wen Tianxiang, a national hero who resisted the Yuan Dynasty at the end of the Song Dynasty, wrote his last words: "Confucius said that he wanted to be benevolent, and Mencius said that he wanted to take justice, but benevolence and righteousness have been exhausted, so benevolence is extremely extreme. What have you learned from reading the books of sages? Occasionally, you have no conscience. " Wen Tianxiang, what do these words mean? What kind of outlook on life does it show?
What Wen Tianxiang said means: Confucius said "benevolence" and Mencius said "righteousness". Only when the behavior fully meets the requirements of righteousness can we reach the realm of benevolence. From now on, I have nothing to be ashamed of when we study saints and their works and learn something from them. This shows that he gave up his life for righteousness, regarded death as death, and practiced his ambition and integrity of "never dying since ancient times, keeping the heart of Dan and taking care of history" with practical actions.
The viewpoint of this article is widely accepted by later generations. Please find out the point of view of this article and write two poems consistent with it.
* Viewpoint: Giving up one's life for righteousness: (1) It is a matter of today to take righteousness into benevolence, and flowers are planted for free in the world. (2) No one has died in life since ancient times, but his own heart is shining.
4. Mencius expressed his life pursuit by "giving up life for righteousness" (choice). The poem that reflects this pursuit in Wen Tianxiang's Zero Crossing and Ding Yang is: "Since ancient times, no one has died in life, but his heart shines." Please write down the people who made the right life choices in history.
* For example, Yue Fei chose loyalty to serve the country, Wen Tianxiang chose loyalty and chastity, and Bruno chose firm faith.
5. Is there any contradiction between the "righteousness" emphasized in this paper and the "profit" under the market economy, which will lead to some enlightenment? Please say it briefly.
* There is no contradiction. In the market economy, we should also be honest and trustworthy, and should not do anything that violates the law and discipline.
6. In real life, many people use their youthful blood and precious lives to write a song "Give up life for righteousness". Please outline an example of this.
* For example, Li Xiangqun, a flood hero, vowed to fight the flood demon and die for his country in order to protect the lives and property of one side of the people.
Liu Hulan was fearless in the face of the enemy's butcher's knife, and would rather die than betray the party organization, and finally died heroically;
Zhu Ziqing refused to eat American relief food when he was critically ill.
7. List and briefly summarize the examples of pursuing the code of conduct of "giving up life for righteousness".
* For example, at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang organized forces to be loyal and opposed to aggression against foreign countries. After the failure of his arrest, he was indomitable in the face of threats and inducements from the Yuan Dynasty and was finally killed. This noble national integrity and persistence in justice are always worth learning by future generations.
8. This paper mainly expounds the truth of "sacrifice one's life for righteousness". As a middle school student in 2 1 century, how to understand the word "righteousness"?
* Be courageous, devote yourself to the just cause and do things that benefit the country and the people. The friendship of friends in society is the friendship of rivers and lakes related to the personal interests of small groups, which is different from the meaning in this paper.
9. What kind of people does the author praise in the article?
What kind of people are criticized by people who sacrifice their lives for righteousness (eternal spirit): people who forget righteousness (have no life value)
10, "I want what I want", this sentence "I know what I know" reflects Mencius' people-oriented thought of loving the people from one side. At the same time, in Mencius' view, even for the purpose of serving the people, we can't "accept 10 thousand minutes without arguing about propriety and righteousness" What do you think is the reason?
* Because the value of "righteousness" is higher than "life", even if it is for the purpose of serving the people, we can't give up the premise of "righteousness" and use the wealth of "no defense" to make people survive, let alone let the "poor" get my personal purpose.
1 1. Read this sentence, list the "saints" in life, and write down what kind of "hearts" they have.
* Wen Tianxiang, since ancient times, no one has died in life, so take care of your heart and shine on your history.
12, combined with real life, this paper adds two arguments. (2 points)
* Argument 1: Wen Tianxiang would rather die than lose yuan, and die generously;
Argument 2: Wen Yiduo was angry and angry with the Kuomintang pistol, and would rather fall than give in.
As long as it conforms to the viewpoint of "sacrifice one's life for righteousness", ancient and modern examples can be used as arguments. )
13, Mencius advocated "sacrifice one's life for righteousness" and once created a large number of people with lofty ideals. But the current school education emphasizes that we primary and secondary school students should "cherish life". The recently revised Code of Conduct for Middle School Students deleted the words "Be brave and dare to fight". What do you think of this problem? (3 points)
My opinion: (As long as it is well-founded and has a clear-cut stand. ) Human life is precious, and we should cherish this only life, but it doesn't mean that we don't do justice. It just means that we should do what we can when we are brave, and we should fight against bad people and try to avoid hurting ourselves and threatening our lives.
14, combined with material thinking. Link to related content: Read the following paragraph, please talk about your opinion in combination with the original text. (4 points)
Wang Huaizhong, former vice governor of Anhui Province, was shot for misappropriating huge amounts of property; Ma Jiajue, a college student, is wanted for killing his classmates. A lip-synching star at a charity party. ...