Nalan Xingde is one of the most famous poets in Qing Dynasty. His poems not only enjoyed a high reputation in the poetry circles of the Qing Dynasty, but also took Nalan Ci as the poetry circle and occupied a dazzling position in the whole literary history of China. He lived in the period of Manchu-Chinese integration; The rise and fall of his aristocratic family is related to the typicality of dynasty state affairs; Serving the emperor, but yearning for plain experience, constitutes a special environment and background. In addition, his personal detachment makes his poetry creation present unique personality characteristics and distinctive artistic style. In the process of studying Nalan Xingde and his works, it will naturally involve politics, economy, military affairs and culture in the early Qing Dynasty. It is not difficult to see the rich connotation and profound significance of this precious cultural heritage.
The life of Nalan Xingde
Nalan Xingde, born in Rong Ruo, the eldest son of Mingzhu, was born in Zhenghuangqi, Manzhou on December 12th, 11th year of Shunzhi (1655 19). Formerly known as Cheng De, it was renamed Xingde because it avoided the Crown Prince Yin Yong (nicknamed Prudential). Born in the twelfth lunar month, he was called Donglang when he was a child. Nalan Xingde has a gift since he was a child, and he never forgets to read. He learned to ride and shoot when he was a few years old, and entered imperial academy at the age of 17. He was appreciated by Xu, who proposed a toast to imperial academy and recommended it to his younger brother Xu, a bachelor of cabinet and assistant minister of does. Nalan Xingde 18 years old took the township entrance examination and the senior high school entrance examination in Shuntianfu. 65,438+09 years old, preparing to take the final exam, but unable to take the palace exam due to illness. In the next few years, he studied harder and worshipped Xu as a teacher. Under the guidance of a famous teacher, in two years, he presided over the compilation of a 1792 volume of "Confucian Collection-Tongzhitang Jingjie", which was appreciated by the emperor and laid the foundation for future development. He also recorded what he saw and heard in the process of studying the history of Confucian classics, and compiled a four-volume Miscellaneous Collection of Lushuiting in three or four years, covering history, geography, astronomy, calendar, Buddhism, music, literature, textual research and other aspects. It shows his extensive knowledge base and various hobbies.
When Nalan Xingde was 22 years old, he took the Jinshi exam again and got the seventh place in Dimethyl with excellent results. Emperor Kangxi granted him the position of third-class bodyguard, and later he was promoted to second class and then to first class. As a bodyguard around the emperor, he participated in romantic and gentle poems as a handsome and mighty military attache. He traveled around with the emperor, was ordered to participate in important strategic reconnaissance, recited poems and translated them with the emperor, and was awarded many times for his sacred will. He is an enviable young talent, both civil and military, a trusted minister valued by the emperor, and a promising official and senior official.
However, as a genius of poetry, he is tired of officialdom vulgarity and concern for life, and has no intention of fame and fortune. Although "in the halls and mansions, there are often thoughts of mountains and rivers and birds." His poems and essays are excellent, especially his ci, which is famous all over the world. At the age of 24, he compiled his own words into a collection called "The Collection of Side Hats" and later renamed it "Drinking Water Words". Later, someone added two word collections, including "342 * *", and edited a place called "Nalan Ci". Nalan Ci, handed down from ancient times, enjoyed a high reputation in the society at that time, was highly praised by scholars and became an outstanding representative of the ci circle of that era. At that time, he enjoyed a high reputation in the society, was highly praised by the bachelor of letters, and became an outstanding representative of the ci circle of that era.
Nalanxingde married Lu at the age of seventeen. The young couple have infinite love, and the happy life of their wedding has inspired his poetry creation. Lu died three years after his marriage. The heavy spiritual blow made him repeatedly show endless yearning for love and lost homesickness in his later mourning poems. After Nalan Xingde, she continued to marry Guan and had a wing swallow.
The poet's uninhibited personality, refined temperament, outstanding talent and relaxed fame and fortune are all related to his well-off family background, ample food and clothing and happy ever after. Talking about my relationship with Lu has become a sense of contradiction and intangible psychological depression that ordinary people can't observe. Coupled with the early death of his beloved wife, the old dream is difficult to continue, and the reunion of literary friends makes him unable to get rid of his deep confusion and pessimism. Tired of career, disdainful of wealth and disdainful of official career, he has no intention to care about anything that can be taken away easily outside his body, but he is obsessed with love that cannot last long and the natural harmony between his heart and the environment. In the late spring of the 24th year of Kangxi, when he was ill, he got together with friends, got as drunk as a fiddler, sighed, and then got sick. Seven days later, he died on May 30th.
When Nalan Xingde was ill, Kangxi sent someone to visit him and sent him to the imperial doctor. He was very sorry to hear the news of his death. Master Nalanxingde Xu wrote an epitaph and tombstone for him. Nalan Xingde was buried in Nalan Zulu, Zaojiatun, Jingxi. With infinite love, he met his wife Lu, who is forever 19 years old, in beautiful scenery forever. His Nalan Ci has become an immortal work in the treasure house of China literature.
(Life information comes from Guo Xue. com)
Selected poems of Nalan
Endless desire
Mountain is a journey, and water is a journey. I'm going to Guan Yu, and the lights are bright at night.
When the wind changes and the snow changes, it is impossible to break the dream of hometown, and there is no such sound in the garden.
well
All accounts are drunk, and the stars are teetering. Dreams are separated by the Wolf River and shattered by the sound of the river. I still sleep, sleep and wake up tasteless.
A butterfly in love with flowers
The most important thing is to cherish the day and the moon, and one night is like a ring. If it is like the moon, it is as bright as the moon and as hot as snow.
It's easy to die without that dust, but the swallow is still there. The soft curtain hook says that after singing the autumn grave sorrow, the spring bush recognizes the amphibious butterfly.
The archaization of Mulan is a decisive word.
If life is just like the first sight, why is it sad to draw a fan in the autumn wind?
Shan Li's words are quiet in the middle of the night, and tears are ringing, but he doesn't complain.
Huanxisha
Who reads the west wind alone, the rustling yellow leaves close the window and reminisce about the sunset?
It was unusual at that time to have a bad sleep when you were drunk, and to gamble on books and pour tea.
Bodhisattva is beautiful
The north wind blew away the snow in the middle of the night, and the soul still loves the peach blossom moon.
Let him benefit.
Listen to the corner painting for no reason, and the pillow is red and thin. Ma Si remnant star blows the flag.
Pick mulberry seeds
Cool dew, fragrant and moist, dark drops of flowers, who shakes the curtain, swallows silk and sticks wicker.
Dressing case, a dancer, frequently open the mask, sandalwood powder carelessly, tears. Last night, I felt like I had a dream.
Pick mulberry seeds
Bamboo columns in white, the moonlight is cool, and the temples are frosted.
Do you know if you will come back?
The disabled are even more blind and thin, as in the old days.
Pick mulberry seeds
Now I am wrong, I am sad, I am crying, and my mind is full of spring breeze.
Knowing that there is nothing to do from now on, I still insist on the happy period, so I fell to the west.
Pick mulberry seeds
Who turns the bleak music of Yuefu, the wind is rustling, the rain is rustling, and the snuff is thin all night.
I don't know what bothers me. I'm bored when I wake up, and I'm bored when I'm drunk. I never dreamed of going to Xie Qiao.
Pick mulberry seeds
Peach blossom was ashamed to die mercilessly, grateful to the east wind, blowing off the delicate red and flying into the window with regret.
Who pities Dongyang's diligence and thinness, and is careless about spring? It is not as cold as Furong.
Pick mulberry seeds
The Xie Family Courtyard is even more erect, with Yan Su carving beams, and the moonlight wall does not distinguish petals.
I have recalled this feeling, and it was a dream eleven years ago.
Linjiang county hanliu
Where are the flying catkins? The layers of ice and snow are destroyed, and it is colder to sparse a tree. It doesn't matter if you love him.
The most important thing is that the back is swaying, which reminds people of the spring mountain, and it is difficult to dream intermittently.
Jiuquan baby
Thank you, but the moon is as bright as water. The fragrance of seal script disappears, especially when you are still awake.
Gentle and cold gangster, thin coat, it's time to take a break, dry the horn. The most worrying thing is that the lights are going out and the geese are still flying.
Langtaosha
Red shadows wet the secluded windows, thin in spring, and setting sun outside the rain. Who saw the thin shirt and low bun, but also let people imagine.
Mo Tao was not sad, but he held on early, thinking about what broke people's intestines. He once caught a glimpse of this monastery in a spring dream.
Quail day
Ying Ying pretended to be shy with her back and moved Meirui to hit her on the shoulder. She wanted to leave her hatred behind and go to Lang, but she didn't stop until Lang returned her hatred.
Clouds and water flow forever, and a flute locks an empty building. When * * * there is a spring water and a bright moon, the bank breaks Yang Zhou and hangs.
Langtaosha
Rainy nights make autumn, right in my heart, and teach him to cherish romantic life.
The hidden meaning is not over, and the hidden wish is hard to pay. The bead curtain rolls around the moon like a building. Recalling happy times is really like dreaming, and dreams must be left behind.
A butterfly in love with flowers
Once again, I went to the place where Qingyang once folded, and without saying a word, I traveled all over the clear autumn road.
I don't hate the hardships of traveling to the ends of the earth, but I hate the west wind blowing my dream to the present. How many passengers will there be tomorrow? The clothes will be fresh and cold.
Biography of rivers
Spring is shallow, red and resentful, covered with double rings and slightly rainy. Painting is idle, silent and dark, tears will beat, and incense will be sold lightly.
Leaning on the screen and thinking about the past is nothing, just a lovesickness. Recalling that time, weeping willows and flowers were covered with butterflies.
Tears wet my skirt.
Recently, I am infinitely sad. Who has a long talk? From teaching to giving, the green window is full of tears, and the early geese and early warblers.
At that time, I enjoyed it and ruined myself. I was always sentimental. Suddenly, I have doubts about you. I am fascinated by the stars in spring.
Nanxiangzi wrote an inscription for forgetting his wife
Tears are more silent, regretting past feelings. Dan Qing emphasizes saving knowledge and is full of sadness, which I can't draw.
I can't speak clearly and wake up early in the middle of the night.
What's more, I cried in front of the wind all night.
The title wall of Qinqin Gorge in Qingping Music
All night, who is a bosom friend? It's like a dream, and it's hard to write a song while worrying.
The sky is in the clouds, and people follow the geese to the west wind. Call for red scarf and green sleeves, and don't teach tears to shed heroes.
Bodhisattva is beautiful
Spring clouds blow away the rain in Hunan curtain, and butterflies fly around. People are in the jade building, and it is windy all around.
A handful of willow leaves, a colorful cage and a tile. Rest near a dry hill with infinite sunset.
Bodhisattva is beautiful
Stay in spring and languish for spring, and then rush back into the rain after half an hour. Cherry is sold in deep alley.
Red after rain is more charming.
At dusk, tears are clear and flowers are falling. The warbler disappears, and the east wind is in March.
Bodhisattva is beautiful
The flower slave drum didn't stop, and when I woke up, I saw the red dance. I can't bear to repeat, and I cried a few lines in the breeze.
The fragrance of powder is better than that of the month. At that time, the moon was different, and sadness shone on the temples.
Bodhisattva is beautiful
I asked you why you left so easily. How many months can there be in a year? Liu Chu is like silk, so the garden is in late spring.
Spring can't come back, and two oars separate the pine flowers.
Bodhisattva is beautiful
The crystal curtain is sad and white, and the clouds are fragrant and foggy. I have nothing to ask about clothes, and the moon has gone west.
There is a west wind blowing in the latitude, and no one is allowed to sleep. It was not until last autumn that I burst into tears.
Serenade of peace and joy/lyrics of peace, tranquility and joy
The wind and rain on the temples are not allowed. It is easy to talk about recent news when you are tired of watching the moon halo on the jade fence.
The soft wind blows through the window screen, and the heart is separated from the horizon. From then on, it hurts to say goodbye to spring, and dusk is only for pear blossoms.
The golden melody is dedicated to Fen Liang.
Virtue is also crazy, and occasionally the country of both capital city is dusty and the family is well dressed. If you have wine, but you spill it on Zhaozhou soil, who will become bosom friends if you don't believe it? You are not old enough to sing, but you can't see it. The moonlight is like water.
* * * You must be intoxicated this night, and he, Emei, has a rumor about past lives and has a long life experience. You just scoffed. Remember, after thinking about it, you will regret it from the beginning, you will be robbed for a thousand days in your heart, and you will never dare to marry him in your life.