Author: Du Fu
Fengxiang belongs to the north, and the ink system works in Zhangzhou.
The emperor lived in autumn for two years and was lucky in early August. Du Zi will go to the north to ask his family.
When you are in trouble, you have no time to be in the government. I'm ashamed of my private life and would like to return to Peng Yu.
Thanks for being generous, I'm afraid I'll come out for a long time. Although there is a lack of advice, I am afraid that you will lose it.
You sincerely rejuvenate the Lord, and the latitude and longitude are solid. I'm angry that the Donghu people didn't look back.
When you are in love with tears, you are still in a trance. Gan Kun is covered with scars, when will his troubles stop?
Decadence is not only about architecture, but also about people. When you encounter more injuries, you moan more and bleed more.
Looking back at Fengxiang County, the flag came out late. I climbed the cold mountain before and drank horses many times.
The suburbs of Thailand are underground. They swim in the water. The tiger stood in front of me, and the pale cliff roared and cracked.
Chrysanthemums hang down this autumn, and stones wear ancient roads. The joy of Qingyun, still life can be pleasing.
Mountain fruit is obscene, Luo mixed with oak chestnut. Or red as vermilion, or black as paint.
Where the rain is wet, it is bitter and fierce. Thinking of Taoyuan and regretting my poor life experience.
Po Tao looks at the valley. I walked by the sea, and my servant was still dead.
The owl sings Huang Sang, and the wild mouse arches its nest. Late at night after the battlefield, the cold moon shines on the bones.
Tongguan million divisions, where are the residents scattered? He ordered the semi-Qin people to be destroyed as foreign bodies.
What's more, I have fallen behind and returned to China. After living in a cabin for several years, my wife has a hundred knots on her clothes.
Tears return to music, and sad spring is suffocating. All my life, the color is white.
Seeing crying behind, dirty feet are not socks. The two little girls in front of the bed went over their knees after mending.
The picture is choppy and the old embroidery twists and turns. Sky dance and purple wind, hanging upside down in short brown.
The old lady felt sick and vomited for several days. There is no silk in the bag to protect you from chills.
The makeup is also unpacked, and the silk is slightly listed. No matter how bright the thin wife's face is, the idiot combs his own head.
Learn from your mother and put on your makeup. Apply lead when moving, and thrush is wide.
Survival seems to forget the hunger for innocence. Who gets angry because of asking questions and fighting for beards?
Turn your heart to worry about thieves and be willing to suffer from chaos. It's comforting to be new here. What do you say physically?
Supreme is still dusty, how many days do you have to stop practicing? Looking up at the weather, I feel that the devil is clear.
The evil wind comes from the northwest, and Uighur is desolate. Its king is willing to help Shun, and its vulgarity is good.
Send five thousand troops and ten thousand horses. This generation is less expensive and brave in all directions.
They all use eagle leaping, breaking the enemy and passing arrows. Sacred heart is quite empty, and I want to catch it when I say it.
Elo knows everything, but Xijing is not enough. Loyalist, please go deep, you can save your strength.
This move opens up a green Xu, which is a bit more stable. The vast sky is full of frost and dew, and it is awe-inspiring
Hu was killed and captured. How long can Hu Ming last? The imperial plan is not appropriate.
Looking back at the beginning of yesterday's rebellion, things are different from those in ancient times: treacherous officials actually flaunt evil.
Don't smell the summer sound, praise yourself. Zhou Han has been resurrected, and the glory of the fruit is wise.
General Chen of Huan Huan fought fiercely. I am a person who has done everything wrong and is still alive in this country.
Desolate Datong hall, lonely white beast Lu. Everyone looks at Cui Hua and is eager to go to Goldfinch.
There is an innate god in the garden, and there is no shortage of sweeping. Huang Huang's Taizong industry has established a great reputation!
To annotate ...
1. Ink system is an imperial edict written with ink pen, also called ink. This means that Tang Suzong ordered Du Fu to explore his family.
2. Two years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: that is, two years from Tang Suzong to Germany (757). The second day: Shuori is the first day.
3. Du Zi: Du Fu claimed to be. Vast: refers to the war, the situation at home is unknown. Q: Visit.
D: Verbal words. Weishi: This is the time. Difficulties: difficulties and worries.
5. Private quilt: The emperor allowed me to visit my home. Rooftop: refers to the thatched cottage where the poor live.
6. Yi: Just go there. Quexia: the imperial court. Timid: I'm afraid.
7. exhortation: the minister advised the monarch directly. Du Fu was then left to tidy up his body. He was an admonisher, and it was his duty to remonstrate.
8. ZTE: the revival after the national decline. Jingwei: When knitting, the vertical line is called warp and the horizontal line is called weft. Here, as a verb, it means to bury state affairs in an orderly way. Confidentiality: Always be careful and thoughtful.
9. East Lake: refers to the Anshi Rebellion. An Lushan is a half-breed of Turkic and ethnic minorities in Northeast China. He has a large number of Xi people and Qidan people, so he is called Donghu. Anger: Deep anger.
10. Palace: the temporary residence of the emperor.
1 1. Scar: trauma. Worried: worried.
12. Dull: walking slowly. Building: field path. Stingo: Rare, rare.
13. On and off: On and off.
14. Repeated: met many times.
15. Chunjiao: Chunzhou (now Binxian County, Shaanxi Province). Suburb: Suburban plain. Swing: the way the water flows.
16. Tiger: A metaphor for a grotesque mountain like a tiger. Li Bai's poem: "The Stone Scaring Tiger." Xue: "When the bird's road is not easy to walk, it should set up a tiger".
17. Stones wear ancient ruts: ancient ruts are printed on stones.
18. "Qingyun" two sentences: The towering peaks aroused the poet's high interest and found the quiet scenery in the mountains very lovely.
19. Luo Sheng: There is a lot of this list.
20. Yan: moisturizing.
2 1. Taoyuan: Peach Blossom Garden in the Eastern Jin Dynasty by Tao Yuanming. Clumsy: Clumsy, indicating short life.
22. potuo: the mountains are undulating. Zhou: That's Zhou. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin Wengong established an altar to worship the gods. A temple is an altar.
23. sawdust: treetops. Du Fu was anxious to go home and walked quickly. He has reached the water at the foot of the mountain, but his servant fell on the mountain behind him, looking like a treetop from a distance.
24. Owl: Owl.
25. pawn: hasty. This refers to An Lushan's capture of Luoyang in the first year of Zhide. Ge led an army of 300,000 ("million" is an exaggeration in the poem) to defend Tongguan, and Yang forced it to fight hastily, and the whole army was wiped out.
26. Foreign body: refers to death.
27. Falling into Chen Hu: refers to August of the first year of Zhide, when Du Fu was captured by the rebels.
28. Year: A whole year. A hundred knots in the clothes: the clothes are full of patches.
29. Leaf: Leaf. Dirty feet without socks: dirty body without socks.
30. Patching is just above the knee: daughters wear short clothes, and patching is just above the knee. Women's clothes in the Tang Dynasty generally hung to the ground, and it was very inappropriate to pass the knee. Make up for it, many books are bursting. Zhu Qiu is an affix.
3 1. Tianwu: the mythical tiger-faced water god. This and the purple wind refer to the embroidery patterns on the official clothes. Brown: coat.
32. Feeling bad: in a bad mood.
33. lin li: Trembling with cold.
34. What these two sentences say is: untie the package wrapped in powder and Dai. Among them, there is also a little bit of thread.
35. Stupid girl: a girl who is not sensible, this is the tone of love. Comb: comb your hair.
36. Time transfer: It took a long time. S: smear. Zhu lead: red powder. Wolf: It's dirty and messy. Thrush width: women thrush in Tang dynasty, with width as beauty.
37. Drink in anger: Stop drinking in anger.
38. Thinking: Memories. Me: Noisy.
39. Physiology: livelihood, life.
40. Supreme: honorific title for the emperor. Dust: refers to the emperor leaving and suffering from wind and dust. Stop training: stop training. This means ending the war.
4 1. Demonic atmosphere: Things are getting better.
42. Uighur: the name of the northwest tribe in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, Tang Suzong borrowed soldiers from Uighur to quell the Anshi rebellion. Du Fu described the Uighur army as "evil wind" and "desolate", implying that it was militant and bloodthirsty, so we should pay more attention to it.
43. Its king: refers to Uighur Khan, and helps Shun: refers to helping Tang. At that time, Huairen Khan sent his prince Hu Ye to lead 4,000 cavalry to help the rebellion. Good at galloping: good at riding and shooting assault.
44. The fewer people in this generation, the more expensive it is: it is better to borrow less such soldiers. When it comes to Uighurs, youth is the most important thing. Sifang is brave and decisive: all nationalities in Sifang admire its courage and determination.
45. Eagle Teng: describes a sergeant soaring like an eagle, brave and agile, and running faster than shooting an arrow.
46. The sacred heart is empty: Tang Suzong wholeheartedly expects the Uighur soldiers to relieve his worries. At that time, the courtiers were worried about borrowing soldiers, but they dared not object.
47.Elo: Two water names, both flowing through Luoyang. Take it back easily. Xijing: Chang 'an. Insufficient tension: it can be overcome without effort.
48. Jufa: Attack with the Uighur soldiers.
49. Qingxu: Qingzhou and Xuzhou are in the area of Shandong and northern Jiangsu today. Xuanzhan: You will see it soon. Abbreviation: capture. Huantuan: refers to Hengshan Mountain and Jieshi Mountain, which are in the area of Shanxi and Hebei today. Refers to An Heshi's lair.
50. Haotian: Autumn is called Haotian in ancient times. Killing: the solemn spirit. This refers to the military power of the Tang Dynasty.
5 1. This sentence means that the desperate Hu people are on the verge of extinction, and the general trend of destroying the rebels is gone.
52. Huanggang: refers to the imperial industry in the Tang Dynasty.
Recalling that Xuanzong ran to Shu last June, he ran away in a panic. Ma Wei's remonstrance happened again.
54. Treacherous court official: Yang, et al. Chop it into a paste. Same evil: refers to the Yang family and their associates. Swing: Clean up.
55. History shows that spoiling your sister, spoiling da ji and spoiling her all lead to national subjugation. This means that although Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty was confused by Yang Guifei's brother and sister, he was not out of control like the last monarch of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
56. Announcement: Zhou Xuanwang. Light: Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. Wisdom: a wise saint.
57. Huan Huan: noble and brave. Chen: Chen, a military commander at that time, led Xuanzong, a general of the Guards, to flee Chang 'an and come to Mayi post. He supported the protests of the soldiers, killed Yang and others on the spot, and forced Xuanzong to kill Yang Guifei. Axe, a symbolic weapon used by ancient emperors or ministers.
58. Micro: If not, if not. Joel: You mean Chen. Everyone is wrong: people will be ruled by the Hu people and become barbarians.
59. Datong Hall: the place where Xuanzong often went to court. White beast: the gate of White Tiger Hall in Weiyang Palace. In the Tang Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of great-grandfather Li Hu, the tiger was turned into a beast.
Cui Hua: The emperor's ceremony was decorated with Cui Yu's flag. This refers to the emperor. Jinque: a palace gate decorated with gold, which refers to the palace in Chang 'an city.
6 1. Yuan Mausoleum: refers to the mausoleum of the first emperor in the Tang Dynasty. Inherent god: there is a god guardian.
62. Emperor Taizong: Li Shimin. Hongda: Brilliant and prosperous. This is Du Fu's praise for the founding king in the early Tang Dynasty and his expectation for Tang Suzong.
This long poem was written in the autumn of 757, the second year of the Anshi Rebellion. Du Fu was ordered to visit relatives in Zhangzhou from Fengxiang County, where Su Zong was located, and arrived home. Yanzhou is in the northeast of Fengxiang, so the poem is entitled "Northern Expedition". The whole poem takes the personal experience on the way home and after home as the theme, describes the scenes of people's livelihood and national chaos during the An Shi Rebellion, and states his views on current affairs. Du Fu was an admonition officer at this time. Although Su Zong did not accept his advice, he still used poetry to give advice. In this poem, the poet closely combines national events with personal experiences, reflects the reality extensively and profoundly, and shows strong patriotism and care for the people. The whole poem is * * * 700 words, which is the longest and most famous poem in Du Fu's five-character poem. It can be divided into five paragraphs: the first paragraph is about the complicated and contradictory mood before leaving. The second paragraph is about what I saw and felt on my way home. The third paragraph is about what happened after I got home. The fourth paragraph discusses current politics, analyzes the situation and expresses anxiety about borrowing soldiers from Uighur. The fifth paragraph is a summary of the whole poem, encouraging the Su family to revive the dynasty.
This poem, like "500 words from Beijing to Fengxian" written two years ago, is based on the theme of mothering, closely linking the fate of individuals and families with the security of the country and becoming a grand epic reflecting the true face of the times. But this article has more narrative elements and more difficult words. The poet describes current events and feelings by narrative and discussion, which fully embodies Du Shibo's vast and gloomy style. Poetry of the Tang and Song Dynasties says: "With the power of heaven and earth, words are compared with things, there are all things, across space, unprecedented, and there are five words in the future, so this can be regarded as a generation theory."
Translation of the Northern Expedition
The emperor lived in autumn for two years and was lucky in early August. In the second year of Su Zong's accession to the throne, it was the first day of August.
Du Zi will go to the north to ask his family. I Du Fu will travel far to the north, and the sky is confused.
When you are in trouble, you have less time in the government and the opposition. At this time, due to the war, the situation is difficult and worrying, and there are few free days in the ruling and opposition parties.
I am ashamed of my privacy. I wrote you a letter. I want to be ashamed, because I am the only one who benefits from the emperor's kindness. The emperor personally ordered me to go home to visit my relatives.
Thanks to my resignation, I haven't been out for a long time. I went to the Que Palace to pay my respects. I was uneasy and afraid, and I didn't go out for a long time.
Although there is a lack of advice, I am afraid that you will lose it. Although he lacks the courage to remonstrate, he is always afraid that the emperor will be negligent in his thoughts.
You sincerely rejuvenate the Lord, and the latitude and longitude are solid. The emperor (referring to Su Zong) is indeed the monarch of ZTE. He should have been careful in planning state affairs.
I'm angry that the Donghu people didn't look back. The Anshi rebellion has not yet subsided, which makes the monarch and his subjects deeply resentful.
When you are in love with tears, you are still in a trance. I can only say goodbye with tears, but I still miss Fengxiang (the emperor went out to his temporary residence), and I am still in a trance when I walk on the road.
Gan Kun is scarred, when will the trouble end! Now the world is full of trauma, when will my troubles end?
The first 20 sentences were written in the form of false visits to relatives, expressing the feelings of being worried, angry and reluctant to leave about state affairs.
Decadence is not only about architecture, but also about people. I shuffled through the field path, and there was no one there, and there was a depression everywhere.
When you encounter more injuries, you moan more and bleed more. Many people I met on the road groaned with trauma and pain, and some wounds were still bleeding!
Looking back at Fengxiang County, the flag came out late. I looked back at Fengxiang County. In the evening, the national flag was still swaying.
I climbed the cold mountain before and drank horses many times. Climbing the cold mountain, we often find fountains and puddles where soldiers feed horses.
Outside the village, the Jinghe River is moist. Arriving in the suburbs of Taizhou is like going underground (because of the low terrain), and the water in the water mirror is surging in the suburbs of Taizhou.
The tiger stood in front of me, and the pale cliff roared and cracked. The tiger crouched in front of me, howling and shaking the valley, and the pale cliff seemed to crack. (Describe the dangerous road)
Chrysanthemums hang down this autumn, and stones wear ancient roads. This autumn is full of chrysanthemums, leaving ancient ruts on the stone road.
The joy of Qingyun, still life can be pleasing. Qingyun inspires elegant taste and enjoys living in seclusion in the mountains.
Mountain fruit is obscene, Luo mixed with oak chestnut. The fruit in the mountains is scattered and small, with oak and chestnuts everywhere.
Or red as vermilion, or black as paint. Some are red like cinnabar, and some are black like little raw lacquer.
Where the rain is wet, it is bitter and fierce. They are nourished by rain and dew, and bear fruit no matter whether it is sweet or bitter. (implying that he has accomplished nothing)
Thinking of Taoyuan and regretting my poor life experience. It's too bad to think about Xanadu and imagine the world you live in.
Slope king gallery, rock canyons haunt each other. Looking at Langzhou from Potuo, mountains and valleys are intertwined.
I walked by the sea, and my servant was still dead. I have reached the water's edge, and the servant is still behind the slope (looking back, because the slope is steep, it seems to be at the top of the tree).
Ostriches sing in Huang Sang, and rats arch their holes. The ostrich sings on the withered mulberry, and the wild mouse arches the cave.
Late at night after the battlefield, the cold moon shines on the bones. Late at night, I walked through the battlefield, and the cold moonlight reflected the bones.
Tongguan million divisions, who died? Looking back at Tongguan's million-strong army, why did it collapse so hastily?
He ordered the semi-Qin people to be destroyed as foreign bodies. The people of Qin suffered heavy losses. (refers to the fall of Tongguan, the Anshi rebellion pushed Guanzhong, and nearly half of the people died)
The above 36 sentences describe the feelings of returning home, depicting a tragic picture of broken mountains and rivers and countless lives.
What's more, I have fallen behind and returned to China. In addition, I once fell into Chen Hu (referring to Du Fu trapped in Chang 'an), and my hair turned white when I got home.
After living in a cabin for several years, my wife has a hundred knots on her clothes. After more than a year, I returned to this hut, and my wife's and children's clothes became one hundred Yui (because of poverty, the clothes were all made up with odds and ends).
Tears return to music, and sad spring is suffocating. I was so sad that I burst into tears in the pine forest and caused repercussions. Spring seems to sob together, and my voice is extremely sad.
All my life, the color is white. My spoiled son is pale.
Look at my back crying, dirty feet are not socks. When I saw my father, I cried as soon as I turned around. My body is covered with dust. I am barefoot and have no socks.
Two little girls in front of the bed, they crossed their knees after filling. Two little girls in front of the bed, patched old clothes just passed their knees.
The picture is choppy and the old embroidery twists and turns. Shovel with seascape pattern is cracked and bent due to sewing.
Tianwu and Zifeng hang upside down in the brown. The sky dance and purple phoenix embroidered on it are sewn upside down on old clothes.
The old lady felt sick and vomited for several days. The old lady was in a bad mood, vomiting and diarrhea for several days.
There is no silk in the bag to protect you from chills. But there is no money in the bag to save you from shivering.
Make-up is also unpacked. Let me list it a little. Open the package and take out the makeup powder. Bedding and sheets can be spread out slightly.
No matter how bright the thin wife's face is, the idiot combs his own head. The thin wife's face lit up again, and the stupid woman combed her hair herself.
Learn from your mother and put on your makeup. Imitating his mother, he didn't fiddle with anything. He dressed up early in the morning and put it on his face.
Apply lead when moving, and thrush is wide. Sometimes I paint rouge, sometimes I paint pink, and I paint my eyebrows so wide and messy.
Survival seems to forget the hunger for innocence. I can come back alive and look at the children, so happy that I seem to forget my hunger and thirst.
Who gets angry because of asking questions and fighting for beards? They asked me questions and pulled my beard. Who can blame them for yelling?
Turn your heart to worry about thieves and be willing to suffer from chaos. Instead, it reminds me of the sadness of being caught in a thief's den, and I really want to be noisy by them.
It's comforting to be new here. What do you say physically? I just came back to relieve my mood, food and livelihood. Where can I talk about it?
The above 36 sentences describe Du Fu's mixed feelings when he returned home.
Supreme is still dusty, how many days do you have to stop practicing? Su Zong is still in exile. When can he stop training the team?
Looking up at the weather, I feel that the devil is clear. Looking up at the changes in the sky, I feel that the need is being eliminated. (Metaphorically speaking, there are monsters in Anshi Rebellion)
The evil wind comes from the northwest, and Uighur is desolate. The evil wind blows from the northwest and follows Uighur darkly. (refers to the new disaster brought by the entry of Uighurs)
Its king is willing to help Shun, and its vulgarity is good. Huiren Khan, a Uighur, is willing to help the Tang Dynasty. The Uighur is good at galloping and impacting.
Send five thousand troops and ten thousand horses. Uighur sent five thousand soldiers and ten thousand horses.
This generation is less expensive and brave in all directions. These soldiers and horses are of little value, and the Tang Dynasty and other nationalities admire the bravery and aggressiveness of Uighur.
They all use eagle leaping, breaking the enemy and passing arrows. They all fly like eagles, breaking the enemy faster than archery.
Sacred heart is quite empty, and I want to catch it when I say it. The emperor's mind was humbly looking forward to asking Uighur for help. At that time, public opinion was quite suppressed (public opinion didn't want to borrow Uighur).
Elo knows everything, but Xijing is not enough. Yishui Luoshui area can be recovered soon, and Chang 'an can attack and pull it with no effort, so it can be recovered.
Loyalist, please go deep, you can save your strength. The officers and men in the Tang Dynasty demanded depth in order to preserve their strength and not wait for the enemy-occupied areas to be recovered.
This move opens up a green Xu, which is a bit more stable. This comprehensive counterattack can open Qingzhou and Xuzhou, and it is expected to recover Hengshan and Jieshi Mountain in turn.
The vast sky is full of frost and dew, and it is awe-inspiring Autumn is full of frost and dew.
Hu was killed and captured. The disaster moved to the year when Hu died, and the situation was settled. This is the month of catching Hu.
Hu Ming can last a long time, but the imperial procedure is not suitable. How can the fate of the conference semifinals last? Dynasty discipline should not be cut off.
The above twenty-eight sentences are about state affairs, describing the estimation of the current situation and suggestions on the strategy of rejuvenating the country.
Recalling the mess that started yesterday, it's time to say goodbye to the past. Looking back at the beginning of the An Shi Rebellion, Tang was in an awkward position, and the development and results of things were different from those in ancient times.
Treacherous court official went from bad to worse. The traitor (referring to Yang) was finally killed, and the evil people were swept away and fell apart.
Don't smell the summer sound, praise yourself. It didn't decline like Xia and Yin Shang, because it executed Yang Guifei, favorite concubine and da ji.
Zhou Han has been resurrected, and the glory of the fruit is wise. Like the Zhou and Han Dynasties, it can be revived by wise men like Wang Xuan and Emperor Guangwu.
General Chen is brave and good at fighting. General Chen, who is brave and good at fighting, carries out punishment and strives for loyalty.
I am a person who has done everything wrong and is still alive in this country. Without you now, everyone is finished.
Desolate Datong hall, lonely white beast Lu. Desolate Datong hall, lonely white beast Lu. (Encourage Su Zong to quickly recover Chang 'an)
Everyone looks at Cui Hua and is eager to go to Goldfinch. Chang 'an residents are looking forward to the return of the emperor's flag and the fine weather will return to Chang 'an Palace.
There are innate gods in the garden, and there is no shortage of sweeps. The mausoleum of the first emperor was originally blessed by gods, so the protection of the mausoleum and the full implementation of the sacrificial ceremony cannot be missing.
Huang Huang Taizong's industry has established a great reputation. The great and wise Taizong laid a strong foundation and made great achievements. It was really magnificent and developed greatly.
The above twenty sentences express the eager expectation that the rebellion is imminent and ZTE is in sight.