Guanfu Baling wins in Dongting Lake. Take a distant mountain, swallow the Yangtze River, and make a vast soup, boundless; It's sunny in the morning and cloudy at night. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower. Everything the elder said is ready. But the northern martial arts, the Antarctic Xiaoxiang and the poets who moved abroad will all be here, and they will look at things very well.
If it rains heavily, the moon will not open, the evil wind will howl, and the turbid waves will be empty; The sun, moon and stars are hidden, and the mountains are hidden; Business travel is bad and ruined; Twilight is boundless, tigers roar and apes crow. When you go to the temple building, you are homesick, sad, sad and sad.
If it is spring, it is calm and the sky is high and the clouds are light; Sha Ou Ji Xiang, swimming in the brocade scale; The coast is blue and green. Or the long smoke is exhausted, the bright moon is thousands of miles away, the light is shining, the static shadow is sinking, and the fishing songs are answered. How happy I am! When you arrive at Dunsi Building, you will feel relaxed and happy, forget the humiliation, and leave the wine in the wind, which will make you feel happy.
Hey, honey! Is it to taste the heart of the ancient benevolent, or to do something different? Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself; If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people; If you stay away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your husband. It's worrying about going in and going out. But when will you be happy? It must be said that "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." Hey! Wes, who are we going home with?
September 15th, six years.
Translated as follows
In the spring of four years in Song Renzong, Teng was demoted to Yuezhou and became the Zhizhou. In the second year, the government was smooth and the people were happy, and many things that had been abandoned were set up. So the Yueyang Tower was rebuilt, and the original scale was expanded. The poems of celebrities and contemporary people in the Tang Dynasty were also engraved on the upstairs. Entrust me to write an article about it.
I saw the beautiful scenery of Yuezhou, all in Dongting Lake. It embraces distant mountains and swallows the water of the Yangtze River. Water is boundless. The sun shines in the morning, and the yin condenses at night, and the scene is ever-changing. This is a magnificent sight of Yueyang Tower. The previous account has been very detailed. In this case, it leads to Wuxia in the north, Xiaoshui and Xiangjiang River in the south. Most of the relegated historians and poets come here to get together and enjoy the natural scenery. Can it be any different emotionally?
Like continuous rain, it doesn't clear up for many days, the gloomy wind whizzes past, and the turbid waves wash the white sky; The sun, the moon and the stars have lost their luster, and the mountains have disappeared; Businessmen and passengers failed, the mast fell and the oars broke; It was dark at night, the tiger roared and the ape cried sadly. At this time, when you board this building, you will feel homesick when you leave the country, worried about the slander of traitors and the ridicule of bad people, full of depression and neglect, and extremely sad and angry.
Just like a sunny spring day, the waves can't afford it, the blue sky and the water color set each other off, and it is green and boundless; Groups of sand, sometimes flying and sometimes stopping, beautiful fish, sometimes floating and sometimes swimming; Vanilla on the shore and orchid in Xiaozhou are rich in fragrance and green in color. Sometimes a large area of smoke completely dissipates, the bright moon shines thousands of miles on the earth, the floating moonlight is like shining golden light, the quiet moon image shows white, and the fishermen sing with each other. How can this happiness be endless! When you board Yueyang Tower, you will have a cheerful attitude and a happy spirit. I forgot all about honor and disgrace, and all kinds of feelings and expressions were extremely pleasant.
Alas! I used to explore the thoughts and feelings of ancient nobles, which may be different from the two thoughts and feelings mentioned above. Why? They are not happy because of the good environment, nor sad because of the bad experience; As a senior official of the imperial court, I am worried about my own people; Worried about his king in the remote Jianghu. This is also worried about becoming an official in the DPRK, resigning and living in seclusion. So, when will you be happy? They will probably say, "be sad before the sorrow of the whole world, and be happy after the happiness of the whole world." Alas! Without this person, who would I be with?
Written in Li Qing on September 15th, 6th (1046).
2. The concept of "beauty" in poetry, ancient prose, beauty and philosophy generally refers to "an attribute that something makes people feel happy" [1]. The Chinese character "beauty" consists of "sheep" and "big", which extends the meaning of other beauty. However, different times or different nationalities have different definitions of beauty. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, women wearing feather headdresses are of the same origin as "Mei", which means beautiful and attractive. "On Zhuangzi Wuqi": "Li Maoli Ji, people call it beauty; Fish see its depth and birds see its height. " Mr. Lu Xun once interpreted "beauty" as "a wife in a hat". Qian Zhongshu once quoted Voltaire: "What is beauty? If you ask the male toad, you can answer' female toad'. "
Aesthetics is a discipline that specializes in beauty, and aesthetics is a branch of philosophy.
Philosophical definition of beauty: beauty is an integral part of concrete things, and it is a special expression, positive significance and positive value of concrete environment, phenomena, things, behaviors and objects for human survival and development. It is a relatively abstract thing or a meta-entity different from ugliness, which is decomposed and refined from concrete things after people are in close contact with and influenced by them.
Beauty is an integral part of concrete things. Without concrete things, beauty cannot exist alone. Tao Te Ching said: "Everyone in the world knows that beauty is beauty and evil; Everyone knows that good is good and bad is bad. "
3. The classical Chinese about beauty revolves around Shen Fu's "childlike interest"
When I was a child, I could open my eyes to the sun and observe autumn in detail. When I see a little thing, I have to check its texture carefully, so I find pleasure outside things. In summer, mosquitoes turn thunder, and privately plan to let a group of cranes dance in the air. If you want it, you will have a thousand, and if you want it, you will have a crane. Look up, Xiang Qiang. Mosquitoes stay in the tent and smoke, making them fly towards the smoke, making them look like white cranes in Qingyun, like cranes in the clouds, and happy. I often crouch in the concave and convex parts of the earth wall, in the grass on the flower platform, so that it is flush with the platform; If you look closely, you can feel at ease when you wander around with bushes as forests, insects and ants as beasts, convex soil and gravel as hills and concave soil as valleys. One day, I saw two insects fighting in the grass. When I watched it, it was in full swing. Suddenly, a monster came down from the mountain and fell from the tree, covering a frog. My tongue spit out and both worms swallowed it. I was young and lost in thought, but I was surprised. God decided to catch frogs, whip dozens and drive them out of the hospital.
4. Describe a beautiful woman. 1 How do you say it in classical Chinese? As stunning and elegant as Youlong. Glory Qiuju, Song Chun, Hua Mao.
Light and soft, like a swan flying after being frightened, strong and beautiful, like Youlong playing in the air; The face is as bright and radiant as chrysanthemums in full bloom in autumn, and the youth is as gorgeous and prosperous as spring.
2, bright lips, fresh teeth, good eyes, enamel assistance.
Translation: White teeth vividly appear on bright red lips; Bright and moving eyes looked around, and two beautiful dimples appeared on her cheeks.
3. Hands are soft and skin is like jelly. -The Book of Songs? Feng Wei? Shuoren
Fingers as delicate as tender, skin as white as ice.
4, clear water out of hibiscus, naturally carved. -Li Bai's "After the chaos, Tian En Liu Yelang recalled the past and gave Jiang Taishou a good slaughter"
Just like clear water hibiscus, there is nature to carve.
If she just turns her head and smiles, there are a hundred spells. -Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow
She looked back and smiled, charming.
5. Seek the ancient Chinese, classical Chinese and famous sayings related to beauty 1. "five colors blind":
Laozi said that "five colors make people blind" and "five tones make people deaf", mainly based on his simple dialectical theory, and generally discussed the "five colors" and "five tones" as the objects of artistic beauty appreciation. If it becomes excessive sensory enjoyment and unrestrained satisfaction, it will lose the original intention of appreciating artistic beauty, and even lose its aesthetic value, which will become a spiritual burden and aesthetic "disaster" that is counterproductive and harmful to body and mind.
Laozi's aesthetic view is directly related to the "Tao" theory in his philosophical view and the "inaction" thought in his political view. In his view, all the beauty of "taking literary talent and carrying a sword" (Chapter 53), like all promising things, can only be harmful. The so-called "five-color blindness, five-tone deafness, five-taste refreshing, galloping wild hunting madness" (Chapter 12) means that the beauty of "promising" will inevitably damage human nature. In Laozi's view, the real beauty lies not in external things such as debauchery and wealth, but in nature itself, which can only be reflected in the way of "simplicity and selfishness" (Chapter 19). This kind of beauty is manifested in the fact that "the elephant is invisible" (Chapter 4 1). In other words, the most perfect music is heard from the place where there is no sound, and the most beautiful image appears from the place where there is no image; Once there is a specific sound and image, it destroys the perfection of nature. This is the beauty of Tao. These viewpoints of Laozi touched the field of aesthetics, revealed an aesthetic experience in aesthetic activities that transcended pure artistic perception, initiated the pursuit of "nature", "true beauty", "implication" and "beauty of various sounds" in ancient China aesthetics, and laid the foundation of Taoist aesthetics that competed with Confucian aesthetics.
Second, "happiness comes from the heart":
"Yue Ji" has an incisive exposition on the essence of music, affirming that music is the art of expressing emotions, and holds that:
"Every sound, born by the heart. People's hearts are moving and things are doing their best. "
"Anyone who speaks, who has a heart, is moved by the heart, so it is shaped by the sound: the sound is written, which is the sound."
Xunzi has a book "On Music", which can prove it.
Each of the above can be seen as a system, and the following are some loose sentences:
1, see the dance "Da Wu", saying,' Beautiful! So is Zhou Zhisheng, if that's the case! "Historical Records Wu Taibo Family" "
2. Beauty is sweet. -"Shuo Wen"
3. Mei takes pleasure as beauty, but straightness leads to no posture. -Gong Zizhen's "Sick Plum Pavilion"
4. The son's name is Shao: "Beautiful and good." "It is called Wu:' It is perfect, but it is not perfect.' The Analects of Confucius Eight Shu
5. Zhong Rong's poems also systematically discuss beauty from the perspective of poetry. He opposes artificial temperament, advocates natural temperament and maintains the natural beauty of poetry. Its "natural English purport" refers to the exquisiteness of nature, that is, true beauty.
6、
7、
8、
9、
The beauty of human beings is an important manifestation of beauty, which cannot be ignored.
6. Seek a classical Chinese that stresses doing things and pursues perfection. Chen Kang is good at consulting and shooting. He is unparalleled in the world and the public is proud of it. Tasting and shooting in the garden at home, some oil sellers put down their burdens and stood up for a long time. See its arrow nine times out of ten, but a little clumsy.
Kang Su asked, "Do you know how to shoot? I'm not good at shooting, am I? " Weng said, "Nothing else, just familiarity." Kang Su said angrily, "Er 'an dares to shoot lightly!" Weng said, "I know it by my oil. "But put a gourd on the ground, cover its mouth with money, put oil and let the money in, but the money is not wet. Because: "I have nothing else, but my hands are familiar." Kang Su laughed and dismissed the matter.
[translation]
Chen Yaozi was good at archery. At that time, no one in the world could compare with him, and he was proud of it. Once, he shot an arrow in his garden. An old man selling oil put down the burden he was carrying, stood aside and looked at him casually, never leaving. The old man saw that Chen Yaozi could shoot eight or nine of the ten arrows, but he nodded slightly in agreement.
Kang Su Gong asked, "Can you shoot arrows, too? Isn't my archery also superb? " The old man said, "There is no other mystery, but familiarity." Kang Sugong said angrily, "How dare you despise my archery!" The old man said, "I can understand this truth from my experience in pouring oil." So the old man put a gourd on the ground, covered its mouth with copper coins, and slowly poured oil into the gourd with a spoon. Oil was injected from the hole of the copper coin, but the copper coin was not wet. The old man said, "I have no other secrets about this skill, but I am familiar with it." Seeing this, Chen Yaozi had to send the old man away with a smile.
This paper illustrates the universal truth that "practice makes perfect" by taking oil sellers dripping oil from money holes as an example.
7. Poetry seeking beauty, 00 1 in classical Chinese, with gradual widening and no regrets, makes people haggard for Iraq.
-Liu Yong's Wu Fengqi 002, Life and Death and Zicheng. Hold your hand and grow old with your son.
-Anonymous "The Book of Songs Drumming" 003. If two kinds of feelings last for a long time, it's still a matter of time. -Qin Guan's "Queqiao Fairy" 004. When will Acacia meet? At this point, the night is awkward.
-Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 005, there is a kind of beauty, I will not forget it, I think it is crazy if I don't see it for a day. -Anonymous "Feng Qiu Huang Qin Ge" 006, this time I left you, it was the wind, the rain, and the night; You smiled, I waved, and a lonely road spread to both ends.
-Zheng Chouyu's Farewell 007. When you enter my lovesick door, you will know that I am lovesick and bitter, like memories of Sauvignon Blanc, and endless short lovesickness. -Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 008, once the sea was difficult for water, amber forever.
-Yuan Zhen's Five Poems of Self-reflection 009. If you raise the dust on the road, if you make the cement muddy, when can we meet in harmony? -Cao Zhi's "Bright Moon in Tall Buildings" 0 10. After the bleak farewell, the two should be the same. The most difficult thing is to sort out the grievances in the middle of the month. -Nalan Xingde's Yu Meiren 0 1 1, and your eyes are full of tears. I wish I could meet you before marriage.
-Zhang Ji's Song of Women 0 12, how to let you meet me at my most beautiful moment. To this end, I begged the Buddha for 500 years and asked him to let us have a dusty relationship.
-Xi Murong's A Flowering Tree 0 13. How can more than one shadow live together but not die? -Chen Hengke's Portrait of Spring Qi 0 14. Acacia tree says it's acacia tree, and Shiro hates Mandy. -Liang Qichao's "Zhi Zhu Ci" 0 15, from the monarch, dark in the mirror.
Thinking of a gentleman is like running water, why bother to be poor all the time? -Xu Gan's Thinking about Rooms 0 16. When we meet, how can we be heartless if we don't see each other?
-Sima Guang's "Xijiang Moon" 0 17, falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud is more protective of flowers. -Gong Zizhen's "Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems" 0 18, the sky is not old, and love is hard to break.
The heart is like a double screen with a Qian Qian knot in it. -Zhang Xian's Millennium 0 19, it seems that this star was not exposed for whom last night.
-Huang Jingren's two love poems, No.020, I know that this kind of love will not have any result, but it can soothe my soul! . -Li Shangyin's Untitled Six No.3 02 1. I know I've been in love for a long time, and the sound of the river embarrassed me.
-Li Shangyin's "Walking Alone in Qujiang in Late Autumn" 022. People are sentimental and thin, but now they are really not sentimental. -Na Lanxingde's "Spreading Huanxisha" 023, a moment that should last forever, unconsciously came and went.
-Li Shangyin's "Jinse" 024, how many lovesickness * * *, the ends of the earth are not long. -Zhang "Swallow House" 025. Ask what love is in the world and teach life and death.
-Yuan Haowen "Touch Fish Two Songs One" 026 Although I don't have the wings like Cai Feng, I can feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn. -Li Shangyin "Untitled" 027, the beast furnace sinks hookah, and pieces of green marsh flowers are written into the story of acacia.
-Zhang Kejiu's "Sai Qiu Hong" 028. If you don't miss it all your life, you will miss it, and it will hurt you. -Xu Zaisi's "Gui Gui Ling" 029, an inch of acacia, there is no arrangement in the world.
-Li Guan's "Recent Flowers" 030, ten years of life and death, I don't think about it, I won't forget it, and I have nowhere to talk. -Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi" 03 1, He Xi, meet this lover.
—— The Book of Songs, which is anonymous, is Tang style 032, where the earth endures and the sky endures; One day both will end, and this endless sadness will last forever. -Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow 033. How we wish to fly in the sky. Two birds are one and grow on the ground, one tree and two branches. ..
-Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow" 034, sealed with tears, life is only difficult to die. -Wen's "Butterfly" 035, one is Xianpa and the other is flawless jade.
If there is no strange fate, I will meet him again in this life; If you say there is a strange fate, how can you be worried? -Cao Xueqin's "Blinking Eyebrows" 036. Spring silkworms will weave until they die, and tears will run out every night. -Li Shangyin "Untitled" 037, he was born infatuated, there is no place for lovesickness in the world.
-Kuang Zhouyi's "Reducing the Word Huanxisha" 038. I intended to say the date of returning home before I respect you, but I didn't say to swallow it first. -Ouyang Xiu's "Lou Yuchun" 039, the pigeon in Guanguan, in Hezhou.
Ladies make gentlemen. -Anonymous Book of Songs Zhou Nan Guan Luo 040. Life is naturally infatuated, and this resentment has nothing to do with romance.
-Ouyang Xiu's Lou Yuchun 04 1. After the New Year, it should be a good time. Customs are strange, who to talk to.
-Liu Yong's "Lin Yuling" 042, I only hope that your heart is the same as mine and will not miss home. -Li Chi Ngai's Operator 043, Falling Flowers Independent, Swift Qi Fei.
-Yan's "Two Poems of Linjiang Xianzi" 044, poor and uncertain riverside bones, still a dream girl. -Chen Tao's "Journey to the West, Longxi" 045, thousands of women buy each other as a gift, who complains about this situation?
-Xin Qiji's "Fishing" 046, buttonwood, it rains in the middle of the night, and the feelings of parting are bitter. A leaf, a sound, empty footsteps fall into the light.
-Wen Tingyun's "The Third Song of the Third Missing" 047, married and loved each other. -Su Wu "Married" 048, it is difficult to find a good dream.
Who knows my mood at this time? Tears in front of the pillow and rain in front of the curtain drop through a window.
-Nie Shengqiong's "Partridge Sky" 049. Who can complain about loneliness? Foreword is always faint.
-Liu Yong's "Day and Night Music" 050, the sky is high and the land is wide; My sadness flies painfully between them. Can I dream of crossing the mountain gate? Sauvignon Blanc destroys the heart. -"Li Bai's No.1 and Two Poems" 05 1. Don't refuse to say that beautiful oath because of possible change, and don't dare to ask for a heart-to-heart meeting because of possible separation.
-Xi Murong's "Seal" 052, May I be like a star, like the moon, shining every night. -Fan Chengda's "Car Yao Yao" 053, fish Shen Yan traveled all over the world, I believe that the world is separated.
-Dai Shulun's "Acacia" 054, holding hands to see tears, actually speechless. -Liu Yong's "Lin Yuling" 055, this is the sorrow that all mankind must know, and the poor couple are sad.
-Yuan Zhen's "Send Three Sad Hearts" 056, change my heart, change your heart, just to know each other. -Gu Yu "Complaining about Love" 057. Remember that your heart is like the Xihe River, which flows eastward day and night.
-Yu Jiangling Sorrow 058 Love in Spring, and even this bright flame of love is only ashes? . -Li Shangyin's "Six Untitled Poems" 059. Acacia is as deep as the sea, and old things are as far away as the sky.
-Wan Le "Operator" 060, hate is not as good as tide, acacia began to feel that the sea is not deep. -Bai Juyi's "Langtaosha" 062, endure a thousand dollars to pay a smile? After all, lovesickness is better than meeting.
-Shao Ruipeng's "Die Lian Hua" 063. When there is poverty in the corner of the world, there is only endless acacia. -Yan Shu's "Yu Zhai Chun" 064, Du Dao is a good marriage, I only read Mu Shi Meng.
Facing the sky, the nobles in the mountains are crystal clear with snow; I will never forget the lonely forest in the world. -Cao Xueqin's "lifelong mistake" 065, people enter the river like the wind, and love is like rain and land.
-Zhou Bangyan.
8. A beautiful ancient poem of China: Wei and Jin Dynasties.
Author: Cao Pi
Works: Qiu Huxing
Content:
During the Korean-American period, the sun never appeared. If you can't taste delicious food, you will stop drinking.
Send a message to a bird, but tell me I can't. Bent orchid, bent cassia twig.
What will happen if the beauty is not here? What did you do?
In the corner. If the soul speaks, it will become a pearl.
Enterprises expect, one step at a time.
Beauty doesn't come, why not?
I have an appointment with a beautiful woman in the morning. It's already evening, and the beautiful woman has not arrived yet. If you don't taste the delicious food, stop drinking the nectar. Please take a message, bird. I have nothing to lose and nothing to do. Bend over to fold orchids, look up and form a wreath with cassia twig. What's the use of doing this without beautiful women around? Beauty, where are you? On the distant sea. I want to tell you that I will give you the pearl of the night stork. Looking forward to, wandering. What if the beauty doesn't come?
Annotation of works
Precautions:
Autumn Hu Xing belongs to Xiang He Ge Qing Diao Qu by Yuefu. The original intention of this ancient word is to praise the chastity of Hu Qiu's wife.
The first two sentences come straight to the point, pointing out the whole story and the result: I met a beautiful woman in the morning and she didn't come until the evening. His painful tone and strong sense of loss immediately enveloped the whole article.
At this point, readers may have two questions: First, who is the "beauty" in the poem? Are the beauties really attracted by Wei Wen and Cao Pi? Or is he a saint eager to achieve great things? Second, why did the beauty miss the future? Is it a mountain pass, and the road will be difficult to walk? Or is it another turning point, changing your mind halfway? Interestingly, I wonder if these questions that readers care about are unimportant to the author.
Otherwise I couldn't mention it, so I didn't mention a word outside the poem. In sixteen sentences, the poet just poured out repeatedly, pouring out a theme in an extremely subjective and aria way, that is, the strong sense of loss brought by a beautiful woman standing up for the future. Literally, this sense of loss and anxiety seems to refer to the beginning of meeting beautiful women in the morning and the end of the day when beautiful women are not there.
For a while. In fact, morning and evening are just metaphors and symbols of time, that is, a day symbolizes a lifetime. From morning till night, it refers to a lifetime from adolescence to old age. In my life, there is always an unattainable pursuit and a huge and irreparable regret caused by unrealizability. Understand this. Is the "beauty" a man or a woman? Why don't you stand me up?
These questions may really be irrelevant and can be omitted. What is important is how the poet organizes and expresses this anxious mood, so let us experience it:
The first one is "If you don't taste delicious food, you will stop drinking." For beauty, tea and rice are unintentional. Even the wine and food are too lazy to touch it. When the wine touched his lips in mid-air, it suddenly stopped like a movie. What surges in my heart is a deep sense of loss that I will never understand. Second, "Bend over LAN Ying and bend over Gui Zhi", although the pursuit can't be realized, he doesn't stop this pursuit, so his line is also high.
His ambition is also clean. This paper uses the sentence patterns of "lingering in the orchid" and "lingering in the cassia twig" in Qu Yuan's Lisao and Jiuge to show that he is staying in fragrance and waiting for someone in the distance. The third is to express his willingness to go to the ends of the earth with beautiful women and let Poseidon give her the most precious "pearl". Four is? Seeing far away, hesitating, longing, almost impatient. To this end, the poet tried his best to tell the story.
My feelings were entrusted by "Bird", "Lan Ying" was broken, "Gui Zhi" was married, and the oath was made. Although it is difficult to bear the anxiety for a moment when "step forward" and "why do you need it", "beauty" has never arrived. This is in line with the first sentence, and all kinds of efforts show that this is an eternal despair. The whole poem is like facing relatives and friends, expressing tirelessly, pouring out repeatedly, and staying up all night.
Heart to heart; Another example is hiding in the center. When will it be forgotten? Stagnation, pretending to be a passionate, subjective and paranoid personal monologue. Have a touching charm. Chen Ruoming's "Selected Ancient Poems from Caijiantang" said: The advantage of Cao Pi's poems lies in "being able to turn and hide". Those who "turn", that is, "change is constant", such as "Good deeds" (picking roses on the mountain), write their own emotional process of "change is constant" with multiple metaphors.
Those who "hide", that is, "implicit and meaningful", are meaningful, and express their lost melancholy and "complex" with soothing brushwork, lingering and graceful style and aria-like formal characteristics. This form of expression, compared with his father Cao Cao's "Short Songs", "the mountain is not too high, and the sea is not too deep; The duke of Zhou vomits food, and the world returns to his heart ":one is lingering, the other is desolate;" A graceful, a generous, its
It's different.