Song Qi's famous poem "Yulouchun": "The branches of red apricots are full of spring."
Li Yishan's Miscellaneous Meaning has long pointed out: "It is cold to wear blue clothes in winter, but it is hot to see red clothes in Xia Yue".
There are many more below:
Synaesthesia is to communicate the feelings of different senses, which leads to the transfer of feelings through association. The application of synaesthesia skills of "writing feelings with feelings" can break through the limitations of language, enrich the aesthetic interest of expression and expression, and achieve the artistic effect of improving literary talent.
For example, appreciating the repetition and changing style of architecture will be associated with the repetition and changing rhythm of music; Smelling acid will associate with sharp objects; Hearing the ethereal and gentle concert, I think of the thin translucent tulle; Another example is Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, in which "the breeze sends fragrance everywhere, as if it were a faint song on a distant high building".
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The most typical example: the breeze blows, sending wisps of fragrance, like a faint song from a distant building "(Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond).
Incense is the sense of smell, singing is the sense of hearing, and the author communicates the two feelings, which is synaesthesia.
The detailed explanation is as follows:
People's cognitive activities generally go from feeling, perception to representation, and then form concepts, judgments and reasoning.
People's different senses can only identify certain attributes of things, so in the process of feeling, perception and representation, it is actually a process in which various sensory organs are interrelated. The synaesthesia of human artistic activities is actually an artistic expression of people's cognitive activities.
Aesthetics is a unique activity of human beings. Synaesthesia is to make people's vision, hearing, smell, touch and other aesthetic senses communicate and transform with each other in people's aesthetic activities. Mr. Qian Zhongshu once said, "In daily experience, vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste can often communicate with each other, and the functional domains of eyes, ears, tongue, nose and body can be separated ...". It can be seen that synaesthesia widely exists in people's daily life feelings, just like when you watch spring scenery in the garden, you will hum the Song of Spring. The imprint of words in real life inevitably lays the imprint of "synaesthesia". For example, in words such as "swaying tone", "indifferent expression" and "a round of Leng Yue", vision, hearing and touch constitute synaesthesia. People often use "sweetness" to describe singing. Sweetness belongs to taste impression, beauty belongs to visual impression, and singing belongs to auditory feeling. Among the five senses, sight and hearing are the most common. Using synaesthesia can break through people's mindset and deepen art. The foundation of synaesthesia philosophy is the universal principle of nature, and objective things do not exist in isolation, and they are inextricably linked. Synaesthesia can also express human feelings with the help of sound and color, which has become an important artistic expression in writing practice. In modern literary works, the application of synaesthesia can make readers participate in the perception of aesthetic objects and overcome the limitations of aesthetic objects, thus making the aesthetic feeling produced by the article richer and stronger.
The Synaesthesia of Qian Zhongshu's Literary Works
There is a descriptive technique in China's poems, which ancient critics and rhetoricians don't seem to understand or know.
There is a famous sentence in Song Qi's "Yulouchun": "The branches of red apricots are full of spring." Don't comment on the seventh sentence of Li Yu's Collection of Li Weng's Legacies, Volume 8, My Opinion on Ci, but laugh it off: "This statement is extremely difficult to understand. Fighting is called' noisy'; I still have no problem with peaches and plums and apricots. If there is a word' noisy', then use the words' noisy',' fight' and' fight'! " At the same time, Fang Zhongtong's letter "Continued Companion" Volume 4 "With Zhang Weisi" is all refuting Li Yu, although there is no name; Quoting "Red apricots are hard for spring", he went on to say: "Try to cite the phrase" Red leaves in the temple burn people's eyes, and moss on the ground dyes horseshoes ",saying that the word" burning "is vulgar, so red leaves are not fire, so people can't be burned, but they can. But there are eyes in the sentence, and the word "burn" can't describe its red color or its red ears. There is an external reason in the poem. Is it reasonable to write a book and tell a book at the same time? " I didn't make it clear that "reason beyond reason". There is a sentence in Su Shi's short work "Watching the Starry Sky at Night". In Volume II of Ji Yun's Su Shi Review, an ink stick is placed next to the sentence and a comment is added: "Like a meteor!" This means that he didn't understand the meaning of that sentence and mistakenly thought that it was like what Si Kongtu wrote: "Even if a little star is about to fall, the flame will ignite and the sound will drag behind." Song people often use the word "noisy" to describe the scenery without "sound", so it is not unusual to see it.
Yan Dao Ji's Linjiang Xianzi: "The wind blows plum blossoms, and the rain is sunny and apricot blossoms are fragrant." Mao Kun's "Huanxisha": "The water in the north is cold and snowy like plum, and the water in the south is full of snow." Ma Yanzi's Ruan Langgui: "The churning of makeup is a Su Causeway, and you won't know it in spring!" Huang Tingjian's Tale of a Talented Man and Gong Bing: "The car racing lights are flashing, and the land is quiet and people are idle." In addition, "Feng He Wang Shibi sends a message to Mr. Qi Ge": "The cold window wears a blue stream to moisten the foundation and make moss." Chen Ye Fu: "Fireflies are noisy for three nights, Wan Li Tianhe Heng." Lu You's "Opening the Year" ... Fu Bao: "A hundred herbs blow sweet butterflies, and a stream of green egrets is idle." Fan Chengda's "There are more and more boating in the stream in the last two days of beginning of autumn": "When there is no water in trouble, red lotus intoxicated white lotus. Chen Qiqing's "Visiting the sky with two or three friends": "The moon turns over the willow tail shadow, and the wind dishes are hibiscus." Also, "Holding Chen Magistrate": "The news on the Japanese side is noisy, and the willow trees are sparse when it is exposed. Zhao's "Kangbuling" ... secret service: "If you are in trouble, you will be annoyed. "From these examples, Fang Zhongtong said that the word" noisy "is not accurate enough to describe his apricot red; It should be said: "Describe the richness (complexity) of its flowers. "The word' noisy' refers to the silent gesture that things seem to have fluctuations in sound, as if they have gained auditory feelings visually. This sentence by Ma can be compared with a poem written by another Southern Song Dynasty person, Chen Zao, about a spring trip to the West Lake: "Thirty thousand fingers are songs, and the colorful boats are shared equally with the lakes and mountains. "Huan" means "strike", which means that the sound is too loud and deafening. "It means" make-up ",which is equivalent to" make-up "and refers to colorful and crowded scenes. Although "Qian" and "Noisy" are synonyms, they describe two different meanings in Ma Ci and Chen Shi respectively. ......
In daily experience, vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste can often communicate with each other, and the fields of eyes, ears, tongue, nose and body can be borderless. Color seems to have temperature, sound seems to have image, cold and warm seems to have weight, and smell seems to have physique. Such things often appear in the common language. For example, when we say "light" and "sound", we turn the word "light" into sound, just as vision and hearing have a "wealth friendship" at this point. For example, the idioms "lively" and "quiet" also mean that "hot" and "noisy", "cold" and "quiet" have the same feeling and form a spouse, so Fan Chengda can alienate each other and say that "there is no warmth and warmth after the strike". Li Yishan's Miscellaneous Meaning has long pointed out: "It is cold to wear blue clothes in winter, but it is hot to see red clothes in Xia Yue". We also say that the red color "warm", the green color "cold", "warm red" and "cold blue" have all become poetic rhetoric.
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