In the original Water Margin, Song Wu returned to his hometown of Qinghe County from Chai Jin Zhuang. When passing by Jingyanggang, I saw a restaurant under the banner of "three bowls are not enough", which caused Song Wu's alcoholism. He didn't take the bartender's advice. It turned out that he only sold three bowls of wine at a time, while Song Wu drank eighteen bowls at a time. Only then did I get drunk and found myself on Jingyanggang and met a tiger. After some fighting, he was unarmed.
To become a famous tiger hero, it can be said that many people have killed tigers in history and romance novels, but not many are famous in Song Wu.
But what we are discussing here is, is the wine drunk by Song Wu Jingyanggang really high?
Let's take a look first. How about parties and restaurants?
Song Wu drank 18 bowl and saw his reaction.
First, don't listen to the restaurant's dissuasion, and go alone. There is a kind of drunken reaction, which is stubbornness. For example, some people around us are obviously drunk, but they keep talking to themselves. I'm not drunk.
In addition to behavior, we can also see clues from the original work.
You can see that there is alcohol on it at this time.
At this time, I was drunk and my steps were unsteady. According to the current words, alcohol has already played a role in my body.
Song Wu is a good wine, and his tolerance for alcohol is already quite high. Eighteen bowls of wine, I have tried, glass bottles of beer, one bottle can pour a bowl. So, Song Wu has drunk eighteen bottles of wine. If it is distilled liquor now, I'm afraid Song Wu has been poisoned by alcohol.
Let's see what Song Wu is drinking. "The store went to cut two pounds of cooked beef and made a big plate, which will be placed in front of Song Wu in the future; Then sift another bowl of wine, and Song Wu ate it: "Good wine! "Sieve another bowl.
There is an action "sieve" before pouring wine here, which has already explained the category of wine.
Besides, there was no distilled liquor in the Song Dynasty, only home-brewed liquor. Steam the rice, let it cool, and mix it with distiller's yeast, which is mellow to some extent. Rice turns into distiller's grains and becomes wine after being screened with wine.
And good wine should be sealed in a jar, ranging from March to ten years. According to the storage time of wine, it is good wine.
The wine brewed in this way does not exceed 15 degrees, generally around 6 degrees.
As for distilled liquor, some people think it was before the Yuan Dynasty, while others think it was after the Yuan Dynasty. Li Shizhen, a pharmacologist in Ming Dynasty, recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica that shochu is not an ancient method, which has existed since Yuan Dynasty. The method is to steam with strong liquor and inferior liquor and take some drops from it. All rancid wine can be steamed and burned.
Therefore, it is reasonable for Song Wu to drink 15 bottles of beer in Jingyanggang.
Is the alcohol content of Jingyanggang in Song Wu really high?
First, as other commentators have said, the Song Dynasty has not been able to achieve a high degree of alcohol consumption.
Second, this is a novel.
The author Shi Naian tells the truth. If Teacher Shi says he is drunk, it is meaningless for us to object. After all, the Water Margin was written by him.
First: the times.
The writer Shi Naian lived in the Ming Dynasty, not in the Song Dynasty. What was the situation in the Ming Dynasty? Distillation technology already exists.
What is this shochu? This is distilled liquor, which is the predecessor of our later liquor.
If Mr. Shi Naian writes according to the standards of Ming Dynasty wine ... I just don't know if this Song Wu's body can resist it. ...
Second: artistic effect.
At this time, Shi Naian made some exaggerated movements, trying to show Song Wu's bravery in fighting tigers.
Third, there are precedents.
What flag does this shop hang? "Three bowls are not enough." If this wine is not worthy of the name, where can his flag blow in the wind? Didn't someone take down the flag long ago? The second child also said that some people couldn't drink three bowls before.
Fourth: Look at the original text:
Song Wu: He took a sip and couldn't help praising this wine, saying that it can produce power. Who is Song Wu? That's someone who doesn't know how much to drink. He has been a good wine since he was a child, which can be seen from his eldest brother's words when he came home later.
He went to Chai Jin's house again. When Chai Jin first came, he was also a waiter with good wine and good food. If Chai Jin let him eat wine at this time. Later, when Sung River came back, it was also a good wine and food. Therefore, this Song Wu must have drunk good wine or spirits.
He drank a bowl in Jingyanggang and couldn't help shouting, "This wine is full of energy." So the degree of this wine is really unusual.
Fifth, his performance after drinking:
The original book said: "He came to a mountain temple and got drunk as a fiddler, with a felt hat on his back. Why? It's very hot
It's already October, and it's cold, so you can wear clothes naked. How can this wine be weak?
Sixth: secret recipe.
How big is this ancient China? Needless to say, if some places can really have some secret recipes and some high-quality wines, it is hard to say. What if this is the secret recipe of this store in Jingyanggang, which is the characteristic of his family? No one can say for sure.
To sum up, this wine is still not low, and it is really possible to be high.
Yellow rice wine has great stamina. In the Water Margin story, Song Wu binged one after another, adding up back and forth, and drank a dozen or twenty bowls of wine.
In ancient times, bowls were much bigger than today's bowls. It is estimated that a bowl of wine needs a small jar, at least seven or eight hundred milliliters. At that time, the wine was not mixed with water as it is now, and it was finished in more than a dozen bowls, which was equivalent to people drinking more than a dozen bottles 1982 Lafite in one breath. The wine is really strong.
However, there is also a view that how can it be difficult to produce a hero like Song Wu just by using yellow rice wine? They are heroes who drink wine as water, so Song Wu must drink high alcohol.
Because it is said that the earliest highly distilled liquor unearthed in China came from the Western Han Dynasty, that is to say, there was already highly distilled liquor in the Song Dynasty. But at that time, high-alcohol was not welcomed by the broad masses of the people. Most of the time, it is only for poor workers, manual workers and the poor, and it is not elegant.
This makes sense, because in the story of Water Margin, most grassroots heroes like Song Wu live in poverty and have to live by coolies or looting. They may have been used to drinking this cheap high-alcohol all the time.
Song Wu drank eighteen bowls of wine in Jingyanggang and went to shoot tigers. I doubt it.
First of all, in ancient China, people in the Central Plains used grain to make wine, and the degree was not very high. As far as my hometown is concerned, they still use rice to make wine, and the degree is about 10. At that time, drinking was a kind of enjoyment, called tipsy, tipsy, which just made you feel high and forget the troubles in life.
Distilled liquor was brought into the Central Plains only when the Yuan Dynasty invaded.
They live in a bitter and cold place in the north, and they need high alcohol to drive away the cold in their bodies. Of course, why did the northern minorities defeat the Han people many times in the Central Plains? There is a simple reason. A normal person vs an alcoholic madman, the result is not good, so to some extent, the failure of Zhongyuan people is expected, because northerners ate stimulants and violated the rules.
Therefore, although Song Wu drank 18 bowl of wine, it is actually equivalent to drinking 18 bottle of coke now-and it must be said that he picked up the wine bowl, tilted his neck and gulped it down. According to the scenes in the TV series we are watching now, he basically snorted, and most of them will be scattered on the ground, so I'm afraid only a small part can really reach his mouth. According to the modern scientific calculation method, half is equivalent to one third, so 18× 1/3, actually Song Wu drank six bowls of wine.
According to this logical reasoning, six bowls of wine have been drunk. If 18 bowls of wine were not wasted at all, Song Wu would have fallen to the ground unconscious, so why bother?
The history teacher taught us to go back to the times and see people.
Fighting tigers in Song Dynasty is definitely one of the most wonderful scenes in ancient novels. The characters are heroic and the drinking is carefree and sweet. The point is that the consequences of drinking are serious. Song Wu killed a white-fronted tiger with his fist. Look at Cao Cao's "hero of wine cooking". The key is to brag. He didn't drink much. Guan Yu "chopped Hua Xiong with warm wine" and beheaded a general. He hasn't drunk yet, and the wine is still warm.
Still have to go back to the times, porcelain in the Song Dynasty is a great thing. Mr. Ma Weidou once commented that the porcelain in the Song Dynasty was the most glorious era in the history of China ceramics, and the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty, the Rulunge Official Order, are now even more valuable. Among the porcelain unearthed in the Song Dynasty, there are many wine vessels.
Photo 1 This collection is a cultural relic of the Song Dynasty. Mouth 12.6cm, bottom 2.4cm. Now it is collected in Huaxia Wine Culture Museum.
Fig. 2 Small pottery bowl unearthed in Song Dynasty, 3. 1cm high and 8.4cm in diameter.
After reading these two pictures, I understand that the bowl that Song Wu drank was not the big white bowl that I am eating now. A bowl can hold more than 200 milliliters, and the cup used by Song Wu is a little bigger than the one I usually drink. See here someone said, that's great, a bowl of four liang, eighteen bowls is seven jins of two liang, thirty bowls that's sixty-five thousand four hundred and thirty-eight+zero two jins, children set ten tables in one hundred days, he personally accompanied. Not exactly. Here comes the second question. What kind of wine is Song Wu drinking?
Let's look at the description in the Water Margin. Whenever wine is mentioned, it is not to pour or not to pour, but to "sieve" the wine. For example, when Wu Dalang and Pan Jinlian, three famous figures in Water Margin, were drinking together, it was described as follows: "Wu shouted that the woman was sitting in the theme, sitting opposite, and Wu Da was beaten. The three sat down, and Wu Da sifted the wine in front of everyone. " The word "sieve" is used here. Why sift the wine? According to textual research, it is because the technology of distilled liquor has not been widely popularized in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ordinary people still use the method of brewing wine. Cooling the steamed rice, mixing with distiller's yeast, and fermenting. When rice is fermented into distiller's grains, the wine is screened out and sealed in jars, ranging from a few months to many, all of which are aged. When you want to drink, open the jar, and the jar mouth needs to be covered with cloth to pour the wine, so there will be some impurities in the wine. The highest degree is only 15 degrees, and the general degree is about 6 degrees, which is similar to the current rice wine.
Of course, hotels under Jingyanggang dare to put up the sign of "three bowls are not on duty", which shows that they have a secret recipe to improve alcohol content, but it is estimated to be about 10 degrees. This degree of wine, according to the 3421 bowl, even if you drink 18 bowls, if you change to the 60-degree liquor now, Song Wu is estimated to have two pounds. Such a capacity for liquor is a good capacity for liquor now.
Traditionally, the degree of Jingyanggang wine in Water Margin is more than 20 degrees, but Song Wu may drink highly distilled wine.
According to modern archaeological discoveries, distilled liquor appeared as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty. A bronze distiller from the Eastern Han Dynasty was discovered in Shanghai Museum. The age of this distiller was identified by experts as a product of the early or middle Eastern Han Dynasty. Distillation experiments were carried out with this distiller, and distilled liquor with alcohol content of 26.6-20.4 was obtained.
Zanning, a monk in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote in Sense of Things that "the flame in the wine was extinguished by a piece of blue cloth. If the wine can still burn at this time, it must be highly alcoholized.
From the original water margin, the shopkeeper said, "My wine is called' every bottle' and' pour it out'. I just thought it was delicious when I first went in, but I was soon drunk. It can be seen that the wine here is unique, and it may be distilled wine that has not been commercialized. That is to say, although distilled liquor is not commercialized, there is still the possibility of folk appearance.
As can be seen from the above points, Song Wu may indeed have drunk a lot of wine.
Chapter 22 of Water Margin tells that before Song Wu went to Jingyanggang, he drank more than a dozen bowls of wine in a restaurant called "Three Bowls Not Passing the Post", some of which were 15 bowls and some were 18 bowls. The specific figures are not entangled here. Let's discuss how big the bowl was then. The description time of Water Margin is the Northern Song Dynasty. Everyone knows that bowls used in ancient times were generally porcelain. It's a kiln burner. Bowls in Song Dynasty were mostly hat-shaped and straw hat-shaped, with a large mouth and a small circle foot, and the diameter of the circle foot was almost one-third of the mouth edge. Glaze color is mostly monochrome, such as shadow blue, black, sauce color, white and so on. Decorative patterns are carved, scratched and printed, and words and images of babies, animals and plants are painted on the inner and outer walls or the inner bottom of the bowl. As for the size, in 1980, members of Pingtian Township, leiyang city obtained two porcelain bowls belonging to Song Dynasty porcelain products in the topsoil with a depth of 80 cm when leveling the land. Two bowls of the same type, each weighing 1300g. It is 8 cm high, slightly open, with a diameter of 17.8 cm, a deep abdomen and a round bottom. The tire wall is coated with yellow-green glaze, which is even and smooth, and the outer wall is arc-shaped and gradually thickens from the mouth edge down. In fact, this kind of bowl can be seen in rural areas now, and some places will use it for banquets in rural areas. The caliber is about 15 cm. It is basically in line with history.
This bowl is like three or four glasses of wine, and fifteen bowls are five or six pounds! (The figures here are approximate figures; if you care, you will lose. However, no matter whether the novel has exaggerated elements or not, there is no doubt that even 5-6 Jin of white water is a little too much for most people to drink, let alone wine. Speaking of wine, let's start with the wine of the Song Dynasty.
For a long time, ancient people in China drank wine brewed from grains. The so-called yellow wine is yellow wine. In Song Dynasty, when people wanted to make wine, they needed to buy Daqu from the government. With this thing, wine can be made, which leads many people to like to make their own wine. Before the water margin, Song Wu Jingyanggang once said:
Let's take a closer look at the sieve used here. To screen wine is to filter wine, just like screening wine. Now in some places in the north, it is often heard to filter with a sieve and then heat it. The purpose is to filter out impurities in the wine. When wine is heated to 20-30 degrees Celsius, it will start to volatilize into gas and float into the atmosphere, thus reducing the harm to human body. In this case, the wine that Song Wu drank was equivalent to the current beer. Of course, it may be similar to the mash, but it is not much higher anyway. Assuming that liquor is as strong as it is today, it is absolutely impossible for Song Wu to drink eighteen bowls. Of course, this is a novel after all, and the techniques used by the author here may even express the heroic character of ancient heroes who eat wine and meat!
It's not easy to create, don't spray if you don't like it, thank you.
In ancient times, wine was not very strong because of brewing technology.
18 degrees, a kind of rice wine, is about 10 degrees, so it is stronger.
Liquor in Song Dynasty was only found in archaeological discoveries, and it has not yet formed a scale. According to Compendium of Materia Medica, in Shi Naian's time, it was generally believed that wine originated in Yuan Dynasty.
In addition, Song Wu is also a person. After really drinking 18 bowl of white wine, even acute alcoholism is hard to avoid, not to mention killing the tiger. Therefore, Shi Naian wrote that Song Wu drinks, and what he drinks should not be white wine; The brewing technology of fruit wine in Song Dynasty is still in the primary stage, mainly relying on natural fermentation, and the taste is poor, so it is difficult to reach the level so highly praised by Song Wu, and the possibility of fruit wine is not great; In this way, Song Wu can only choose between yellow rice wine and rice wine. So, is it rice wine or rice wine? Let's take a look at the bartender's words in Water Margin: "My wine is village wine, but it is better than old wine." Old wine is rice wine stored for a long time. Judging from the bartender's words, the wine in this shop is obviously different from yellow rice wine and is "village wine". Then according to the exclusion method, this wine can obviously only be rice wine. If this evidence is not reliable enough, the book happens to have a description of "village wine". Back to the seventy-fifth, it was mentioned that Ruan used village wine to steal royal wine. Imperial wine in Song Dynasty should be long-term cellar-stored yellow rice wine. Later, General Liangshan recognized that Ruan's goods were not royal wine. Obviously, this kind of "village mash wine" is very different from yellow rice wine in appearance.
Country wine is called "country mash wine". Is it white wine? One of the words "old" exposed its identity. Today, Shaanxi famous yellow rice wine Huang Gui thick wine is also called white mash wine. Its color is white and turbid, and it tastes sweet. It is indeed an alternative "white wine". From this point of view, the 18 bowls of village wine that Wusong drank before fighting tigers are probably the best rice wine. It is worth mentioning that even people who have drunk more than a dozen bowls of wine have many characters in the Water Margin, such as Lu, and there are similar records in Wutai Mountain.
Song Wu Jingyanggang killed the tiger. According to the description in the original water margin, it was because he drank eighteen bowls of wine that people became brave. He was able to kill the white-fronted blade with extraordinary courage. So, this wine plays an important role!
Even drinking 18 bowls of wine, this wine is naturally massive. Why can you drink 18 bowls and go ahead and shoot tigers? Although Song Wu can drink a lot, it will be unbearable if the alcohol content is not low, unless the bowl is small. However, judging from his strong men in Shandong and heroes in Jianghu, he must not drink in a small bowl. From common sense, people who drink a lot are usually reluctant to drink small cups, which is easy to verify in reality. Compared with the common "beer barrels" who drink more than a dozen bottles, it can be proved that Song Wu's eighteen bowls of wine are not necessarily fictional! However, the degree of alcohol is worthy of scrutiny ... We know that people's drinking power is different, because the individual's ability to sober up is different, and the power of sober up is limited. There should be nothing wrong with comparing Song Wu's capacity for drinking with those who can drink the most today. On this basis, we have reason to judge that the alcohol content of Jingyanggang 18 bowl of wine can't be high!
For the sake of sufficient arguments, we can also look for clues from historical materials. During the Southern Song Dynasty, liquor was not popular in the Central Plains, and it was mainly fermented liquor. Fermented wine can be drunk without distillation, and the residue juice can be directly filtered and separated. The degree is generally more than ten degrees, which is easy to enter and has great stamina. Nowadays, many rural areas are still following this ancient way of brewing wine, and people who don't know the nature of wine and fall asleep in the field after drinking it are often seen. ...
Through comprehensive comparison, it is not difficult to draw a conclusion that the alcohol content of Songwu Jingyanggang Dahu wine will not exceed 10 degrees! Eighteen bowls of wine are equivalent to a dozen bottles of beer.
There has been a lot of debate about how much wine Song Wu drank while shooting tigers in Jingyanggang. The general view is that in the Song Dynasty, the brewing technology was not mature enough, so Song Wu should drink like yellow rice wine. If it's yellow rice wine, it's ten or twenty degrees according to the current standard.
However, yellow rice wine has great stamina. In the Water Margin story, Song Wu binged one after another, adding up back and forth, and a * * * drank a dozen or twenty bowls of wine.
In ancient times, bowls were much bigger than today's bowls. It is estimated that a bowl of wine needs a small jar, at least seven or eight hundred milliliters. At that time, the wine was not mixed with water as it is now, and it was finished in more than a dozen bowls, which was equivalent to people drinking more than a dozen bottles 1982 Lafite in one breath. The wine is really strong.
However, there is also a view that how can it be difficult to produce a hero like Song Wu just by using yellow rice wine? They are heroes who drink wine as water, so Song Wu must drink high alcohol.
Because it is said that the earliest highly distilled liquor unearthed in China came from the Western Han Dynasty, that is to say, there was already highly distilled liquor in the Song Dynasty. But at that time, high-alcohol was not welcomed by the broad masses of the people. Most of the time, it is only for poor workers, manual workers and the poor, and it is not elegant.
This makes sense, because in the story of Water Margin, most grassroots heroes like Song Wu live in poverty and have to live by coolies or looting. They may have been used to drinking this cheap high-alcohol all the time.
If that's the case, it's great that Song Wu drinks so much wine.