Looking at the Moon is the work of Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. By depicting the majestic scene of Mount Tai, the first song enthusiastically praised the majestic momentum and magical and beautiful scenery of Mount Tai, revealed his love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, and expressed the poet's ambition and spirit of not being afraid of difficulties, daring to climb to the top and overlooking everything, as well as his great ambition of self-reliance and helping the people. The second poem about Huashan reveals the frustration of officialdom. The third poem is about Mount Heng, showing the author's patriotism and loyalty to the monarch.
Year of creation
the Tang Dynasty
Source of works
Du Gongbu Collection
author
Du Fu
catalogue
1
2 Annotate the translation
To annotate ...
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3 creative background
4 appreciation of works
Literary appreciation
Evaluation by famous experts
5 Introduction to the author
The original editor of a work
Wang yue
First song
How about Dai Zong 1 Husband 2/3? Qilu 4 is not finished 5.
6 o'clock, 7 magic shows, 8 yin and yang, 9 cut 10 faint dawn 1 1.
Swing chest 12 raw cloud 13, homing bird 14.
Will 16 ling 17, other mountains are dwarfed under the sky. 18.[ 1-3]
The second song
Xiyue Mountain is revered in 19, and the peaks stand like children and grandchildren.
Andrew has nine immortals and twenty immortals. He leaned against the 2 1 jade girl shampoo basin.
There is no way for the carriage to enter the valley 22, and there is a door to the sky on the arrow 23.
After the cool autumn wind, Gao Xun Bai Di asked the real source. [4-5]
The third song
Nanyue matches Zhuniao 25, Li 26 and Wang 27.
Mixilindi 28, Hongdong 29, and Banyan Prescription 30.
Bangjia 3 1 uses the commemorative code 32, which is in Defa Xinxiang 33.
Why is patrol 34 lonely? I'm worried that 35 died today.
Yue 36 I love the world network 37, and the walk 38 is even more xiaoxiang 39.
Thirsty day 40 cliff 4 1 out, Zhou Yang 42 clear light 43 square.
Zhu Rong has 44 honors, and 45 are the second to last.
Purple cover 46 is not alone, it strives to face 47 for a long time.
I want to hear from Mrs. Wei that Xian 48 is soaring.
Sometimes the wind blows away, just like flying frost.
Push 49 to repair 50, free time 5 1 stick worship 52.
Return to drive 53 and take a bath in Xiuyutang.
Three sighs ask the Lord 54 and praise my emperor 55.
The sacrificial wall 56 is resistant to decay and vulgarity 57, and the gods are auspicious. [6]
Annotation translation editor
To annotate ...
Daizong: Mount Tai, also known as Daishan or Daiyue, is the first of the five mountains and is located in the north of Tai 'an City, Shandong Province. In ancient times, Mount Tai was the head of the five mountains, and the mountains lived here, so it was also called "Daizong". Emperors who held closed Zen ceremonies in previous dynasties were all in this mountain, referring to the honorific title of Mount Tai.
F: read "fú". The first sentence of a sentence is meaningless, modal particles, and emphasizes interrogative tone.
How about it: How about it.
Qilu: Ancient Qilu was bounded by Mount Tai, with Qi in the north and Lu in the south. Originally, it was the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, in today's Shandong, and later referred to Shandong in Qilu generation.
Unfinished: it means gloomy mountains, boundless, and it's hard to say anything. Green: refers to the beautiful green mountains. Unfinished: endless, continuous.
Nature: nature.
Zhong: Assemble.
Shen Xiu: The aura of heaven and earth is magical and beautiful.
Yin and Yang: Yin refers to the north of Yangshan and the south of Yangshan. This refers to the north and south of Mount Tai.
Cut: points. An exaggeration. Mount Tai is very high, and at the same time, the south of the mountain is different from the north sooner or later.
Dusk: Dusk and morning. It is said that the height of Mount Tai is very high, and the south of the mountain and the north of the mountain are as clear as dawn and dusk, and the light and shade are very different.
Swing your chest: Swing your heart.
Zeng: same as "layer", overlapping.
Jueshu (Zi): canthus. The corner of my eye is (almost) splitting. This is because you try to open your eyes and overlook the mountains. Affirmation: points.
Incoming: income, that is, see.
Will be: eventually, definitely.
Ling: The board of directors. Ling climbed to the top, that is, climbed to the highest peak.
Small: the intentional use of adjectives means "taking … as small, thinking … as small".
Towering and abrupt.
Nine-legged staff: Liu Genchuan: "When Hanwu arrived in Shao Shi, he saw a woman pointing at the sun with a nine-legged staff and closing her left eye. Dong Fangshuo said, "This is a Japanese sperm eater." "The True Patent": "Yang Ximeng dreams of Penglai Xianweng, leaning on Hong Jiu's leg and looking at the white dragon."
Jade girl shampoo basin: "Ji Lu Xi 'an": "Xing Yu girl, who lives in Huashan, takes jade cream to heaven during the day. There is a five-stone white shampoo basin in front of the temple. Its water is green and clear, rain does not overflow, and drought does not reduce consumption. There is a jade horse in the temple. "
Carriage into Valley: Taiping Universe: "Carriage Valley, car vortex, 25 miles southwest of Huayin County, unfathomable. People who asked for rain threw stones at them, and one of them flew out and got the rain in time. "
Arrow: The end of the arrow.
Bai Di: One of the Five Emperors in China's ancient mythology, referring to the ancient western gods.
Suzaku: This refers to Suzaku in the south, one of the four spirits.
Hierarchical etiquette: an ancient ceremony to distinguish between upper and lower, noble and low.
Self-hundred kings: emperors before one hundred generations. Since, since.
Xū: It refers to quickly absorbing the aura of heaven and earth when worshiping Yue. Hey, hurry up.
Hong Dong: This means vastness.
Yanfang: Generally speaking, it refers to the hot spots in the south.
Bangjia: the country.
Sacrificial ceremony: Sacrificial ceremony.
Xiangxiang: This refers to the fragrance floating from burning incense wax.
Patrol: The emperor toured and inspected all counties in the country.
You Yu (yú): an ancient tribe with a surplus, which refers to the ancient residents here.
Baba: Yes, and.
World Wide Web: It is a metaphor for the bondage of law, ethics and morality to people in society.
Star pulse: travel far.
Xiaoxiang: Xiaoshui and Xiangshui refer to the land in the south.
Thirst day: all day.
Abyss: A cliff too steep to climb.
Rowing: Rowing.
Clear light: clear light.
Zhu Rong: It refers to Mount Zhu Rong.
This is the first time I have seen you. This is an exaggerated way of writing. Nao: There is a very high meaning here. Chang, the name of the stars, is one of the 28 lodges.
Sub-cover: refers to the sub-cover mountain.
Yè: towering.
Fairy: A group of immortals, all immortals.
Push: It's urgent.
Road repair: long distance.
Leisure: no time to take care of.
Fujishige: Climbing the mountain with crutches. On crutches, used here as a verb.
Life driving: life driving a horse. "Start at once.
Governor: refers to the county governor.
How can I?
Sacrificial jade: sacrificial jade, sacrificial jade.
Decline: Declining secularity. [5] [7] [8-9]
translate
First song
How majestic is Mount Tai? Walking out of Qilu, you can still see Qingfeng.
The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful scenery, and the mountains in the south and the mountains in the north separate the early morning dusk.
Layers of white clouds, clean up the gullies in the chest; Go back to the birds and fly into the eyes of the scenery.
We must climb to the top of Mount Tai, overlooking the mountains, full of lofty sentiments. [5]
The second song
Xiyue is lofty, like a venerable old man, and the surrounding peaks are like his children and grandchildren.
How can I get the immortal staff and take it to climb Huashan to the Jade Maiden Temple?
However, it is difficult to return to the trunk valley, and the mountain peaks reach Tianmen like the tail of an arrow, making it difficult to climb.
When the weather turns cold, climb to the top of the mountain and see what Yamamoto looks like. [9]
The third song
Legend has it that there are suzaku in South Vietnam. Since the emperors of one hundred generations ago, there has been a ceremony to divide Vietnam.
Worship Yue in the vast southern Xinjiang can quickly absorb the aura of heaven and earth.
The imperial court offered sacrifices to Mount Hengshan, and the rule of the country focused on virtue rather than burning incense and wax.
How lonely it is to patrol the place where Nanyue is worshipped. The ancestors of that year have long since left.
Has been hindered by secular ethics, and now finally reached Hengshan.
All day, I wandered in the cliffs and mountains, or went boating on the clear river.
Zhurongshan is so high that its top seems to touch the Pleiades below.
But among the peaks, only Zigai Mountain can compete with Huashan Mountain, and it seems to compete with Huashan Mountain.
I also heard that the former Mrs. Wei flew into the sky of Huashan with the immortals after she became immortal.
Sometimes the climate on the peaks is like flying frost.
Long-distance walking time is tight, so there is no time to climb the mountain with crutches.
After climbing the mountain, I hope to go down immediately and take a bath in Xiuyu Hall.
I talked to the county magistrate many times and asked him how there was such a magnificent Mount Heng here. I have to praise my emperor.
Sacrificial jade, inherited the customs of the world, is used for sacrifice, but God will bless the world. [9]
Creative background editing
In the 23rd year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (735), the poet went to Luoyang to study, but he came last. In the 24th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (736), the 24-year-old poet began an unruly wandering life. The author traveled north to Qi and Zhao (now Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places), and his first poem was written during his roaming. The second song was written in the author's middle age, when Fang Yi, the prime minister, was punished for missing his teacher in Chen Tao and was demoted for resisting Japan. The third song was written by the author in his later years. [5] [ 10]
Appreciation editor of works
Literary appreciation
First song
This poem is a work of Du Fu's youth, full of the romance and passion of the poet's youth. There is not a word "king" in the whole poem, but it closely revolves around the word "full moon" in the poem, from far and near, to gazing, and finally to overlooking. The poet described the majestic atmosphere of Mount Tai, expressed his ambition to climb the peak and overlook everything, and was full of vigorous vitality.
The first sentence is "the grandeur of Mount Tai! ? When I first saw Mount Tai, I was so happy that I didn't know how to describe it. My admiration and admiration are very vivid. Dai is another name for Mount Tai. Being the first of the five mountains, he was honored as Daizong. "How's the husband" means "What is it?" The word "fu" is usually used as a modal particle at the beginning of a sentence in ancient Chinese. It is a new creation and uniqueness to integrate it into the poems here. Although the word "husband" has no substantive meaning, it is indispensable. The so-called "vivid portrayal is being blocked." It can be described as ingenious.
The next sentence: "The greenery is dripping, and the land is high." , is the answer after some imitation. It does not simply describe the height of Mount Tai from the perspective of altitude, nor does it use the general language of "Cui Bi stung the sky" like Xie Lingyun's Poem of Climbing Mount Tai. Instead, I wrote my own experience in an ingenious way-outside the two ancient countries of Qilu, you can still see Mount Tai from a distance, setting off the height of Mount Tai with a long distance. The south of Mount Tai is land, and the north of Mount Tai is Qi, so the geographical features described in this sentence cannot be misappropriated when writing about other mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, Mo Ruzhong's "Wang Yuelou in Dengdong County" specially put forward this poem, thinking that no one can succeed.
The phrase "the creator has given all mysterious natural grace here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. " It describes the magical beauty and lofty image of Mount Tai seen from a close look, which is the footnote of the last sentence "unfinished youth". A "middle" space brings everything in the world to life, and the whole nature is so affectionate that it endows Mount Tai with magic and beauty. The sun in front of the mountain is "Yang" and the sun behind the mountain is "Yin" (the water in the south of the mountain is "Yang" and the water in the north of the mountain is "Yin"). Because of the height of the mountain, the dusk of the day is cut on both sides of the mountain, so it is called "cutting dusk" This is a normal natural phenomenon, but the poet created flowers with clever pens and wrote a dominant force of the tall Mount Tai with a word "cut", which is nothing else. Mount Tai, with its height, blocks the sunshine in the south and north of the mountain, forming different landscapes and highlighting the image of Mount Tai blocking the sun. Here, the poet used a pen to make the still Mount Tai suddenly full of vigorous power, and the creative style of "words are not amazing and endless" is also revealed here.
"Ceng Yun, birds are flying back and forth in front of my nervous eyes." Two sentences were written. Seeing the endless clouds in the mountains, my heart is also rippling. The word "absolutely comfortable" is particularly vivid, which vividly reflects that the poet is fascinated by this magical and ethereal landscape and wants to see all this, so he looks around with his eyes wide open and feels like his eyes are broken. This scene makes the charming scenery of Mount Tai more vivid. A homing bird refers to a bird that has returned to its nest in the forest. It is already dusk, and the poet is still in sight. It contains the poet's love and praise for the mountains and rivers of the motherland.
In the last sentence, "once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky." In a few words, the poet came up with the idea of climbing Yue. This couplet is a masterpiece, which once again highlights the loftiness of Mount Tai, writes a majestic posture and momentum that is superior to everything, and also shows the poet's mind. "Hui" is a spoken language in the Tang Dynasty, which means "must". If "will" is interpreted as "should", it is not accurate and melodramatic. The contrast between the small mountain and the high mountain of Mount Tai shows the poet's ambition and spirit of not being afraid of difficulties, daring to reach the top and overlooking everything. This is the key for Du Fu to become a great poet, and it is also indispensable for all those who make a difference. This is the reason why these two poems have been read by people. It is precisely because the towering greatness of Mount Tai is not only natural, but also humanistic, so the desire to climb it in the end has dual significance.
The whole poem is dominated by the word "Wang" in the title of the poem, and every sentence is written about Wang Yue, but there is no word "Wang" in the whole poem, which can give people a feeling of being in a trench. It can be seen that the poet's layout and artistic conception are exquisite. Although this poem has far-reaching sustenance, it is only a visit to famous mountains, and there is no trace of deliberate comparison. If you are ambitious, your body will be strong, and it will be difficult to achieve anything in the future. [8] [ 10] [ 13]
The second song
A poem about Huashan, written by the author, is equally magnificent. However, compared with a song in my youth, this is undoubtedly a frustrated work. Because Tianbao was in a mess, the author had to return to the court in pain. Now, he was punished in Chen Tao for failing and losing his teacher, and he was convicted and demoted for resisting rescue. When the author reached middle age, except for a year of official worship and left-handed collection, he had a very difficult time. So there is also a sense of frustration in the poem. The author writes that Huashan is sublime, which begins with "graceful in the west, and the peaks stand like children and grandchildren". Although the author is eager to climb the mountain, the cross-examination of the word "Andrew" in the sentence "Andrew's nine-legged staff" has shown that the author's wish is difficult to achieve. This is like the feeling that the author wants to serve the country, but he always has no choice but to serve the country. The author of the sentence "The tree trunk enters the valley in no way back, and the arrow reaches the sky with a door" looks up and predicts the way to climb. However, this has never been realized, just the author's calculation when watching Yue, in order to comfort himself. The situation is just like the author's ambition, but he can only think in vain and can't do it in the world. Finally, the poem concludes with the title "Seeking the true source of Bai Di after the west wind is cool", and the author's career is even more bumpy. The real environment is not smooth, which makes the author tired of his official career and expects to find coolness in the excitement to heal himself and hurt himself. Compared with Bai Di's residence, the top of Huashan Mountain shows the author's frustration that his ideal can't be realized. [5] [ 1 1]
The third song
Yong Hengshan's "Looking at Yue" was written in the author's old age, and he expressed his views from beginning to end, describing the scenery in the middle. "Nanyue Zhu bird, rank ceremony since the king. I sucked the spirit of the territory, and Hong Dong was semi-inflammatory. " Wrote a few words. Emperors of all dynasties set up official positions and worshipped Hengshan Mountain. The phrase "in virtue, it is not fragrant" has an allegorical meaning and is expressed in implicit words, encouraging the monarch to rule the country mainly by virtue. Nine or twelve sentences, the author narrates that he was driven to the south by the chaos of the world, so he had the opportunity to look forward to Yue. Next, the scenery of Hengshan Mountain is written from "thirsty sunrise cliff" to "wind scattered like flying frost", which is the center of the whole article. Finally, it ends with the meaning of worshipping Yue, echoing the "rank ceremony". And the phrase "praise my emperor", Du Fu's patriotic heart, strongly penetrated between the lines. Throughout this poem "Wang Yue", the author's feelings of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism are fully revealed. Even wandering in the rivers and lakes, he still cares about state affairs and never forgets it. [5] [ 1 1]
abstract
The differences in theme and style of the three poems "Looking at Yue" represent Du Fu's mentality in three periods: youth, middle age and twilight. Climbing the Mountain and Looking at the Yue shows a positive thought of being practical, shows Du Fu's brilliant and enterprising life in his youth, and gives people a sense of grandeur. The whole poem has formed a vigorous, clean and heroic style. A poem on Huashan Mountain reveals the frustration of the author's official career and the helplessness of serving the country, which represents Du Fu's lost and peaceful life in middle age, so this poem appears euphemistic and tortuous, depressed and frustrated; Yong Hengshan's Wang Yue is either an allegory, representing Du Fu's introverted, peaceful and kind life in his later years. From this, we can get a glimpse of the trajectory of Du Fu's ideological transformation. However, no matter how his mentality changes, one thing remains unchanged, and that is his loyalty and patriotism to the monarch. Du Fu wanted to contribute to the country when he was young. Although a man is not proud in middle age, he still has the idea of serving his country. In his later years, he thought he was still the monarch and court official here. [5] [ 1 1]
Evaluation by famous experts
First song
Fan Wen's poem "Eye in the Stream": endless green, spanning the two highlands of Qi and Lu. In the kingdom of Wu in the east and Chu in the south, I can see the heavens and the earth floating endlessly in the Dongting. The language is wonderful and powerful, but Dongyue Dongting is so big. Later, the scribes tried their best to speak, but there was a limit, and I knew it was out of reach. The second sentence of "Looking at Yue" is like this, so the cloud says, "The sacred mountain and Mount Tai are awesome!" First ... there is no second sentence, and there is a cloud "how majestic Mount Tai is!" " Although it's called chaos, it's ok.
Mo Ruzhong's "Wang Yuelou in Dengdong County": "Qilu is not a teenager so far. Who will inherit Ling Du in the poem? " [ 1 1]
Detailed notes on Qiu Du's poems: Poems use four layers of freehand brushwork: look at the color of the first couplet from a distance, look at the trend of the second couplet, look at the scenery of the third couplet, and look at the feelings of the last couplet. There are six real narratives on the top and two virtual copies on the bottom. Before Shaoling, there were poems by Xie Lingyun and Li Bai. Xie Shi's eight characters, the upper part is ancient and beautiful, and the lower part is flat and shallow. In the six chapters of Shi Li, there are good sentences, but the meaning is repetitive. This poem is bold enough to ignore two schools. Longmen and this chapter are like five laws, but the sentences are plain and inharmonious, covering the duality of ancient poetry. However, it is vigorous and powerful, and can be almost equal to Qi Liang. Lu Shi? Yue: When I first boarded Dongyue, it seemed a little tight, but it was spacious. Looking back at Nanyue, it seems a bit complicated, but it is very quiet. There is no need to climb to the top, but the true shapes of the two moons have fallen into its eyes. [7]
Pu Qilong's Reading: There are three poems in the palace, and this one is about Dongyue. Cross-border continuous, surging peaks continuous, writing Yue potential only "green" three words, better than a thousand people. "Zhong Shen Xiu" was launched before Yue's; "Breaking the dawn" is manifested in the love of yue. "Swinging your chest" and "fixing your eyes" are clearly teasing the word "hope". Look at the future without connection and get rid of the prospect of the present. Is through a layer of income. ..... Du Zi's heart and soul are full of charm, and he is quite impressive. Take it as a volume and make it a town. [ 1 1]
Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties: "Forty words are imposing and want to compete with Dai Yue." [5]
Gao Yun's Poems of Tang Poetry quotes Fan Yun: He who starts a sentence is also detached. [ 14]
Liu Chenweng's words were quoted in Zhou Zun's General Introduction to Tang Shilin: "It is the most beautiful sentence in my life to be' vast and grey, separated by Qilu'. The language of "unfinished youth" is good, but "husband" is not a word. The language of' swinging the chest' does not need to be solved. Climb its mountain and see its fun and bright; Suffer for the next sentence. Guo Jun said:' There are countless stories about others visiting Mount Tai. They are all told by Uncle Du. In a few words, "Zhou Wei Review" said that Taiyue is awe-inspiring and is a masterpiece through the ages. Every word can make you cry. " [ 14]
Wang Sishuang's Du Yi: "The vast green waters are separated by Qilu." "Swing your chest to create clouds" and "Make up your mind to enter the bird" are all imagined by seeing the height of Daiyue, so the first word is "What more can a man ask for", just imagining the situation. Three words go straight to "into the bird", and this poem is also a big deal. ..... concentrate on the poem "Looking at Yue". The fewer unique words, the greater the strength, and Dai Li to compete. Poetry has been hanging for nearly a thousand years, and no one appreciates it. Yu Chu also thought that "swinging the chest" was a very tired sentence, and now he knows its strangeness. Zhong Bojing said,' The beauty of this poem lies in the beginning, but the last six sentences are unbalanced.' However, the layman's opinion also says,' If you decide to end up in Wang Yue, it will be weak and shallow.' "[ 14]
Shen Deqian's "Tang Poetry": "The word" green and dripping, spanning Qilu and Qilu "" Too much has been done. " [ 14]
Yang Lun's Du Shi Jing Quan quoted Liu: "The sentence of' swinging the chest' does not need to be solved, but it is also interesting to climb high. The word' cut' is extremely dangerous. " [ 14]
The second song
Huang Sheng: "The five-word custom of' jade girl shampoo basin' was first created by the Nine Pillars Fairy. It can turn vulgarity into beauty, and grammar has more feelings. It's brilliant to throw rice cinnabar. " [7]
Author profile editor
Du Fu (7 12-770), with a beautiful word, is called Shaoling Yelao, and is also called Du Gongbu and Du Shaoling.
Portrait of Du Fu
Du Fu, a native of Gongxian County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Zhengzhou, Henan Province), was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. He is honored as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li".
The greatest realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, his poems boldly exposed the social contradictions at that time and expressed deep sympathy for the poor people, with profound contents. Many excellent works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is called "the history of poetry". In art, he is good at using various forms of poetry, especially rhythmic poetry; Various styles, mainly depression; Refined language with high expressive force. There are more than 1400 poems, including Du Gongbu Collection. [ 1]
reference data
1. Wang Yue (the grandeur of Mount Tai! ). Shaoyang No.1 Middle School [reference date 20 14-02- 1]
2. Language room of People's Education Press. Nine-year compulsory education standard textbook, Chinese 8th grade, Volume I: People's Education Press, 2008: 18 1.
3. The whole Tang Poetry Volume 2 16 No.005 Wang Yue. Full Tang Poetry Library [citation date 20 14-02- 1]
4. The whole Tang Poetry Volume 225 No.043 Wang Yue. Full Tang Poetry Library [citation date 20 14-02- 1]
5. Li Shen. Selected Poems of Du Fu: Changjiang Publishing House, 2009: 26-28.
6. The whole Tang Poetry Volume 223 No.028 Wang Yue. Full Tang Poetry Library [citation date 20 14-02- 1]
7. Qiu. Notes on Du Fu's Poems: Zhonghua Book Company, 2004.
8. Appreciation of Full Moon. People's Education Press [citation date 20 14-02- 1]
9. Ma and Wang Yue's three new interpretations, Guangxi Minlian Education Research Institute, 2007.
10. Xiao Di flies. Appreciation Dictionary of Tang Poetry: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1983: 320-32 1.
Entry label:
Tang poetry