Mrs. Hua Rui:
"The city erected a flag, which I learned in the palace.
One hundred and forty thousand people were disarmed, and none of them were men! "
This poem of national subjugation is tactfully mournful, neither supercilious nor supercilious, and expresses the deep grief of a daughter who died in national subjugation. Who is this talented poetess? According to legend, she was the concubine of Meng Changjun, the monarch of Shu after the Five Dynasties, and was called "Mrs. Huarui".
Mrs. Hua Rui is smart, virtuous and romantic. She is not only beautiful, but also good at poetry.
Meng Chang, the master of the post-Shu Dynasty, was young and romantic, and was unhappy because he couldn't find a beautiful woman. Later, a trusted eunuch made an unannounced visit to Qingcheng and finally found a beautiful woman. This beautiful woman, with light figure, elegant makeup and peerless appearance, gives people a sense of natural elegance in an empty valley. If Meng Chang gets the treasure, she will immediately stay in the palace and be named Hui Fei.
Huifei likes hibiscus flowers and peony flowers, and Meng Chang likes them too. She built a peony garden specially for her, and ordered that hibiscus flowers should be planted on the walls, even for ordinary people. Every time the hibiscus blooms, Chengdu is full of flowers, red as fire and white as snow. From a distance, it looks like the morning glow, and the flowers are rich. Since then, Chengdu has also been nicknamed "Jincheng". Meng Changjun took Hui Fei to the city to drink and enjoy the flowers. Looking at the beauty among the flowers, she said with emotion, "You are so beautiful! This hibiscus is not enough to describe your tenderness, this peony is not enough to describe your brilliance, you are the flower among people, the core of the flower. Ah, I named you Mrs. Huarui. "
In 964, Song Taizu sent troops to attack Shu in the south, and the Shu army was vulnerable, so Meng Changjun had to surrender himself and became a prisoner in the Northern Song Dynasty. Mrs. Huarui also became a prisoner and accompanied Meng Changjun to Beijing.
Song Taizu had already heard of Mrs. Hua Rui's name, and immediately summoned her. I saw Mrs. Huarui's waist was like a weak willow, her eyebrows contained distant mountains, and her lips were covered with ink. She is indeed the first beauty in Shu. In order to cover up his gaffes, Song Taizu pointedly accused Mrs. Huarui, saying, "People say that women's sex is a disaster of national subjugation. You let Meng Chang be desolate and defeated in the amusement by your beauty. What should you do? " Mrs. Huarui, with a fearless face, said frankly, "A monarch is in charge of the military and political affairs, has great power, can't understand state affairs, strengthens the army to protect the country, and is addicted to debauchery. What is the reason?" I asked for a pen and paper on the spot and wrote a poem about national subjugation.
Song Taizu liked Mrs. Hua Rui very much and put her in the Song Palace. Seven days later, Meng Chang suddenly died inexplicably in the mansion. Mrs. Huarui was heartbroken and hung a portrait of Meng Chang in the palace as a souvenir. Later, when Song Taizu died, Zhao Guangyi succeeded to the throne and forced Mrs. Huarui to submit. How can she lose her virginity and drag out an ignoble existence? Zhao Guangyi, who became angry from embarrassment, died with an arrow.
Although the well-known Mrs. Huarui passed away, she left a series of question marks for future generations. ...
Others say that she was seen by Zhao Guangyi and killed by an arrow. Some said that after she was brought into the harem by Song Taizu, she still remembered her ex-husband Meng Chang, and enshrined Meng Chang's portrait in the inner palace, deceiving Song Taizu into saying that it was "a picture sent by Zhang Xian" (it is said that "a picture sent by Zhang Xian" was popular in later generations, which was the result). Later, she died of old age and depression.
There is also a saying that as early as when the country was ruined and forgotten, Mrs. Huarui cried sadly: "Without the country, what face do I have in the world!" After flying out, he hit the stone pillar of the palace with his head. Suddenly, blood splashed everywhere ... It was too late for Song Taizu and Zhao Kuangyin to stop them, and he couldn't help but sigh: "What a strange girl!" Mrs. Hua Rui was solemnly buried and ordered to build a temple.
Mrs. Xi:
Mrs. Xi, also known as "Mrs. Peach Blossom", was originally the wife of the national monarch in the Spring and Autumn Period. Because of her beautiful appearance, the king of Chu took her as his own when he destroyed the country in 680 BC. Later, the king of Chu said nothing, so he asked him and said,' I am a woman, but I am the second in charge. Even if Fu can die, she will be ridiculous.' Zuo Zhuan was fourteen years old, thus establishing Mrs. Xi's tragic female role in history.
Why did Mrs. Xi "say nothing"? What did she say? Ancient and modern scholars have various explanations. Du Yu and Wang Wei said that they had never talked with Rebecca or Rebecca. Modern scholars such as Cai Yijiang agree with this statement, such as Mrs Xi by Wang Wei and Comments on Poems of A Dream of Red Mansions by Cai Yijiang. But the ancients have long refuted the saying that "there is no child who doesn't talk". Janice's poem "Worship the Classroom" is "classified as the second son of the King of Chu, and his seat is dead, but he didn't say anything", which is as rich as the "unspoken" thought by people such as Talking about Old Learning in the Study. Yang Bojun, a famous scholar and linguist, thinks this statement is "wrong". He quoted the ancients as saying that "not saying" in the first volume of Yang Bojun's Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period means not saying first. Qian Zhongshu also quoted the ancients as saying that "not talking" means not talking about the past. As for the first volume of Qian Zhongshu's "Guan Zui Bian", Mr. Qian did not talk about whether to talk in daily life. The author agrees with Mr. Yang's explanation that not saying "first" means not saying anything first. Investigate its reason, both the pain of national subjugation and bring disgrace to oneself's hatred. Sadness and hate intersect, like two big stones weighing heavily on my mind, where there is something she doesn't want to say or say. However, in the face of Chu Wen's arrogance, how can she not talk and not talk in the husband and wife life of "arrogant king"? In this predicament, her biggest possibility is not to speak first.
Although the above explanations can't be unified, they all agree that Mrs. Xi swallowed her tears and Lacrimosa was very sad. In fact, it is precisely because of the different understanding of "unspoken words" that Mrs. Xi's tragedy is legendary.
The unfortunate experience of Mrs. Xi's reputation, humiliation and silent struggle attracted the sympathy of the ancients. In the Tang Dynasty, someone built a "Peach Blossom Lady Temple" for her, and some scholars even recited scriptures for it. Among them, the famous poem is Mrs. Xi by Wang Wei, "Don't spoil the present and forget the old kindness. When we read "Look at flowers with tears", we will naturally think of Du Fu's famous sentence "Where petals flow like tears"; Reading "Yan without * * *" will naturally think of your wife's "heart". In addition, Du Mu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, lamented and evaluated his wife from another angle and wrote the famous Peach Blossom Temple. "The peach blossom is new in the waist palace, and the pulse is silent for several times. This is a pity for those who fell in the shrine. "Green Pearl fell to her death and died before her husband. How heroic and resolute is the poet's reinterpretation and evaluation of Mrs. Xi's tragic image-the tragic experience of Mrs. Xi, who is timid and timid, is indeed sympathetic, but how can it be worthy of the admiration and admiration of those who fought for it to the death? Zhao Yi of the Qing Dynasty thought that this poem was "With the death of Lu Zhu, the wife will not die, and the words will be borrowed. "
In the face of foreign enemies and rape, the Chinese nation has always advocated dare to fight and dare to sacrifice, preferring death to surrender. This is a national festival, a matter of principle and morality. From this point of view, Du Mu's Peach Blossom Garden is more meaningful than Wang's Peach Blossom Garden. This also reminds us of the famous love story of Han Ping and his wife, "Song Kangwang gave up Han Ping and married He, which is as beautiful as a fairy. King Kang took it from him ... and his wife went to Taiwan Province ... and died. The suicide note says,' Wang Li was born and my concubine was killed.' "Gan Bao's" Searching for God "Han Ping's unswerving love and indomitable excellent quality can naturally win the admiration of literati and even ordinary people.
However, times have changed, and the long river of history is rushing forward. Later, people were more sympathetic to Mrs. Xi's tragic experience, which was a manifestation of historical precipitation. As Zhicheng Deng, a historian, said in Gu Dongquan's Note, "Taizhou boarded the Hanyi in Xiao Wei and wrote the title" Lady Xi's Temple ",saying," The Chu Palace swept her eyebrows carelessly, and she had nothing to say in late spring. Isn't it sad that the only person who died after suffering through the ages rests alone, madam? "Zeng Shiming, a great man in the early Qing Dynasty, was heartbroken to read. Look at Wu Yonglie's swallow, swallow, swallow. Zeng Shiming, a great public figure in the early Qing Dynasty, felt a sense of life experience and thought about the country when he read Lady Xi's Temple, which made him "suddenly die of heartache", which to some extent showed their guilt of moral conscience, and also made future generations more sympathetic to their helplessness and put down their moral losses. But in any case, if we compare them with Shi Kefa and other national heroes who died for their country, how can their integrity be compared!