Bai Juyi
Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote poems in order to be easy to understand. It is said that whenever he writes a poem, he will read it to the old lady at home. Copy and rewrite what the old lady can understand.
On one occasion, he wrote a poem, "Make a new silk coat, feel and sing", and read some words to the old servant:
Most people are hungry and cold, and a person enjoys prosperity alone.
My heart will remember the hardships of farmers' farming, as if I heard the cold of hunger and cold.
Andrew's big fur is so long? Build Luoyang city with you!
The old man listened and said, I understand everything you said, but the word "An" in "An De Da Qiu Wan Chang" is different, so I think it's better to change it. Bai Juyi asked the old man why, and the old man said, you have written such a sentence before:
Daozhou people, old people and young people He Xinxin!
Father, brother and children began to protect each other, and they should be good people from now on.
Daozhou people, the people have been given by them to this day,
If you say you will cry first, you are still afraid that your children and grandchildren will forget to tease you.
The old man went on to say that Jie Yuan, the secretariat of Daozhou, was a good official that people could not forget. He built houses for everyone and educated officials not to oppress the people, so that Daozhou would have a long-term career.
Bai Juyi thought what the old servant said was reasonable, so he changed the word "An" to "Zheng". It means that people who want to be officials "win a great victory" with the idea of "seeking welfare for the people"
Jia Dao went to the capital Chang 'an for the first time to take the imperial examination. One day, he rode on the donkey's back and sang a poem: "It was silent in the middle of the night, birds perched on the branches by the pond, and at night, under the moonlight, monks knocked on the door of the temple." At first I wanted to use the word "push", but later I wanted to use the word "knock". I carefully thought about the words, but I couldn't decide which one was more beautiful, so I chanted on the donkey's back and kept reaching out and gesticulating "push" and "knock". At this time, Han Hejing, assistant minister of the official department, passed by, and Jia Dao unconsciously ran into the third guard. The entourage brought Jia Dao to Jing Zhao Yin and Han Yu, and Jia Dao explained his poems one by one. Han Yu reined in for a long time and said to Jia Dao, "It is better to use the word' knock'." So he rode back to the house side by side with Jia Dao. For a long time, they were reluctant to leave and discuss poetry writing. Although they are both high-ranking officials, Han Yu and Jia Dao, a civilian poet, became friends.
Titu Chengnanzhuang Cuihu
Last spring, in this door, the girl's face contrasted with the peach.
Wherever people go now, peach blossoms are still smiling in the spring breeze.
In the Tang Dynasty, yemeng recorded a story of Tang poetry in "Poems of Talent and Love": Cui Hu, a famous scholar in Boling, was depressed during the imperial examination. On that day in Tomb-Sweeping Day, he went to the south of the city for an outing alone and saw a villa surrounded by peach blossoms with pleasant scenery. When he was thirsty, he knocked at the door to drink water. No-later, a beautiful girl opened the door. Cui Hu fell in love at first sight. In the second year, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Cuihu revisited their old place and found that the courtyard wall had not changed and the gate was locked. If you lose your hukou, you will write a poem on the door: "Last year today, at this door, peach blossoms set each other off." People don't know where to go, but peach blossoms are still smiling in the spring breeze. Since then, people have used "peach blossom with a human face" to describe the beauty of women or express their love.
Chengdao
Bai Juyi, a poet, asked for advice everywhere for deeper knowledge, but he still could not satisfy his strong thirst for knowledge.
One day, I heard that there was a Zen master who was enlightened and knowledgeable. So I came a long way to ask for an audience. When I finally met the Zen master, I humbly asked, "Master, please tell me how to get the Tao?" The Zen master replied, "All evil should be done, and all good should be pursued." Bai Juyi said inexplicably: "Even a three-year-old child knows this. How can it be said that it is Tao? " The Zen master replied, "Three-year-olds know that eighty-year-olds can't keep up!" "
The story of Li Bai's reading
Li Bai was a great poet in Tang Dynasty in China, but he didn't study hard when he was a child, and even had some fun. One day he went to a small river to play and saw an old woman grinding an iron bar. He went up and asked curiously, "Grandma, why are you grinding an iron bar?" The old lady told him that she was sharpening the needle. Li Bai said, "How can such a thick iron bar be ground into a needle?" The old man said, "As long as you work hard, iron bars can be ground into needles." . Li Bai was deeply touched, so he studied hard and became a generation of "poetic immortals".
Song dynasty
Among the flower gods in folklore, the plum blossom is the most in January, and the close relationship between Lin Hejing and plum blossom is the best. If the flower god is ranked by the degree of love for flowers, then Lin Hejing, the "plum wife crane", represents plum blossoms, which is absolutely deserved. (967 ~ 1028) word season, number. A native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou), Zhejiang Province in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was young, his parents died and he was sickly. He claimed that "being poor is ashamed of drinking for a long time, and being sick is suffering from poverty." But he is diligent and studious, familiar with hundreds of theories of the subset of Confucian classics and history, good at painting and calligraphy, and good at poetry. Lin Hejing's Poems have been circulated in the world. People generally call him "Lin Hejing", but Song Renzong and posthumous title call him "He Jingfu".
Lin Hejing's most famous story is "Mei's wife, a crane". Although there were many celebrities who loved Mei before him, after him, people who loved Mei dared not stand out. When it comes to Amy, "he" is always the only one.
The spirit of plum blossom's independence without fear of frost and snow, and the story of Lin Hejing's "Plum Wife and Crane" constitute the best theme for poets and poets' artistic creation. The poet of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote a famous poem "Mei": "The bamboo shed has not been invaded by dust and is satisfied. It was only because I misunderstood Lin Hejing that the poet said this. " Enough to illustrate this point.
Live in seclusion in a lonely mountain
Lin Hejing traveled around in his early years and returned to Hangzhou in his forties. He chose to live in seclusion in a lonely mountain near the West Lake. Until he died at the age of 6 1, he never set foot in Hangzhou. He lived in the lonely mountain, died in the lonely mountain and was buried next to his home at the northern foot of the lonely mountain. He built the grave. Before he died, he left a poem "Zishoutang is determined by books": "Outside the lake, the green hills are facing the house, and the bamboo ploughing in front of the grave is also sparse. Maoling changed its manuscript to another day, and I am still glad that there is no meditation book. " It shows that his mind "not seeking Wen Da, not seeking to be handed down from generation to generation" is really natural and unrestrained.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Dai wrote in Lin Hejing's Tomb Column Inscription: "If the cloud is unintentional, who will release the two cranes in the forest?" Yue Ming's intention is to miss the lonely plum on the tomb. " It really hit the nail on the head to carve the character Lin Hejing on it.
Gushan Mountain is a branch of Geling Mountain in the north of West Lake. It is 38 meters high and is the lowest mountain in the West Lake. Bai Causeway in the east and West Bridge in the west. Because it hangs alone in the lake and looks like a lonely peak, it is named "lonely mountain". Lin Hejing is full of plum trees here. When plum blossoms were in full bloom, he just enjoyed himself by enjoying plum blossoms, drinking, reciting poems and writing lyrics every day, and later generations called him "Mei's wife". Zhang Chao of A Qing Dynasty said in a dream: "Mei knows peace and tranquility, so she can stop hating them." This is indeed a pertinent statement, which can be said to be the most appropriate description of Mei's love.
Lin Hejing's freedom in the lonely mountain is reflected in his poems of seclusion and roaming, such as the poem "Autumn Tour to the West Lake": "Water and gas blend with the mountain scenery, and the vastness has become autumn. Shenlin looked at the temple happily, and the boat moved quietly and preciously on the shore. The sparse reeds are cold and folded first, and the residual red belt is harvested late. Where is my house? Return to fishing. " Small silver from the topic: "'bamboo forest around my home, more meaningful. Cranes are idle at the water's edge for a long time, while bees are lazy to pick flowers. Wine disease prevents books from opening, and spring sound hoes. Taste ancient paintings and write more about firewood and fishing. Poems such as "seclusion on the lake" and "seclusion on the lake" can be seen. Such a comfortable life has been envied by many poets in the world of mortals and writers in the world throughout the ages. Ma Zhiyuan, a composer in Yuan Dynasty, wrote a divertimento of "The Hermit's Ode to the West Lake": "Fishing villages prefer to have more geese and ducks, while Chai Men rides alone. Bamboo absorbs the mountain spring, while tripod tries the thunder bud. But Xun Mei, a lonely mountain, is surrounded by lush mansions, and Lin Hejing is next door. Drink some water and enjoy the West Lake. " Ten percent said he wanted to live next to Lin Hejing.
Lin Hejing was a recluse poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He has never been married or an official in his life. He regards Mei as a "wife" and crane as a "son", and there is a saying that "Mei's wife is a crane".
Hangzhou is an isolated mountain with many plums. Whenever the wind blows, there is a faint fragrance floating, the shadows are oblique, the jade flowers are in full bloom, and the scene is elegant, which is easier for people who explore the Range Rover to watch. Year after year, it has formed a scenic spot to enjoy the plum blossoms in the lonely mountain. Lin Hejing, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, lived here in seclusion. But Lin Hejing's hometown is Fenghua, Ningbo.
Lin Hejing (967- 1028) was born in Huangxian Village, Fenghua, Ningbo. Because he lived in seclusion in Gushan, Hangzhou for a long time after his forties, he died and was buried in Gushan at the age of 83. Many people mistakenly thought that he was a "Qiantang" person.
Lin Hejing, a young boy, is eager to learn. He knows everything about poetry, calligraphy and painting, but he can't play chess. I often say to people, "Nothing is difficult in the world, I am afraid that there is a will." He is indifferent and crazy about Mei. When I was in my hometown, I only liked reading and growing plums. According to legend, he planted more than 360 plums before and after his former residence, put each plum's wallet in a bag and threw it into a crock. Every day, he takes a bag as his living expenses. When the crock is empty, only one year later, new plums can be exchanged again. He grows, appreciates and sells plums and leads a natural and happy life. He often sings alone in Meiyuan and writes many famous plum blossom poems, such as:
All fragrant people shake off their beauty and occupy all the amorous feelings of the small garden;
"Mottled shadows hang obliquely on the clear shallow water, and their fragrance spreads peacefully in the moonlight dusk."
The frost bird wants to peek first, but the pink butterfly knows that it will break its soul;
Fortunately, there are micro-songs to compare, and there is no need for sandalwood gold statues.
I love plum and travel, and I have traveled all over the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. By the time he was in his forties, the house had been built in an isolated mountain in Hangzhou. Alone by the lake, the mountain is not high and delicate. He planted plums around Shandong, planted trees by the mountains and took pleasure in planting plums. With Lin Hejing's moral articles, it is not difficult for high officials to be generous. However, he lived a quiet seclusion, and even Song Zhenzong Zhao Heng heard his name and asked him to teach the prince. This once-in-a-lifetime job was also rejected by him. He was proud of it on his deathbed. In his last poem, he wrote:
Houses are built in the green hills on the shore of the lake, and the autumn scenery in front of the grave is bleak.
I am glad that there is no meditation book for Maoling to draft another day.
People in the ruling and opposition parties admired his nobility and integrity and visited him one after another, but he never paid a return visit. According to legend, he brought two cranes from his hometown Fenghua and was domesticated by him. He is good at understanding people and will buy food for the news. Fly into the sky, hover between the mountains and rivers of the West Lake, and then return to the cage. Lin Hejing loves more than wealth. He often visits the temples in the West Lake by boat. Every time a guest comes, the children are dragged to sit in small chairs, open the cage and lift the crane. When Lin Hejing, who was visiting the West Lake, met a crane fly, he knew that a tourist had come and left the ship. Legend has it that when Lin Hejing died, his two cranes died in front of the tomb. He wrote in a poem about cranes:
High bird names only smell the dust before, and lonely leads to the lack of night minutes;
I was shocked when I saw it. I didn't have the leisure to go to Qingyun.
Lin Hejing has never been married and enjoys growing plums and raising cranes. At that time, people said that he "took Mei as his wife and a crane as his son", and the story of "Mei's wife and a crane" spread for thousands of years. This is just one side of his life. The other side of his life is still full of feelings. This can be seen from his famous sentence "Sauvignon Blanc":
Wu, the moon is clear, and the green hills on both sides of the strait greet each other, but they don't know how to leave.
You are full of tears, I am full of tears, my heart is not tied, and the river is flat.
Lin Hejing's nostalgia for his hometown is also common: "The moon is about to set in the middle of the night, and everyone in Qian Shan remembers it." "Exactly", dusk in Changting. Wang Sun has gone, and there are countless roads, east, west, north and south. "I miss you so much.
Lin Hejing's life is a life of seclusion and a life of deliberate learning. His poems are unique in style, fresh and natural, and full of strange sentences. Fan Zhongyan, a famous politician in the Northern Song Dynasty, praised him: "The writing style is solid and the articles are old." Famous poets Ouyang Xiu and Huang Tingjian all appreciate his fresh and peculiar works. But he didn't want to pass on the poem, so he lost it in words, and it didn't circulate much. After collection by later generations, only over 300 poems were collected, which were named Lin Hejing's Poems.
Lin Hejing's moral integrity and knowledge were highly appreciated by Song Zhenzong, and he was named "Quiet Chu Shi". After his death, Zhao Zhen of Song Renzong also "gave Mr. Jing a gift".
Although Lin Hejing hid in a lonely mountain, he died and was buried in the lonely mountain. Even the women and children in his hometown Huangxian Village know this "Meihe Taigong". People's respect for this saint lasted for thousands of years. In the old society, every year in Tomb-Sweeping Day, people took turns to visit the graves in Gushan until the 1950s after liberation.
the Yuan Dynasty
Jie Zhao
Bo Zhenzi is from Panyu. Born in an unknown year, he died in the 22nd year of Hongwu, Ming Taizu. Interpretation of Broadcom's Six Classics and Old Books. The spirit is heroic, and there is no righteousness. He Zhen, according to Lingnan, was the official of the government, Jie Li and Sun Yu were all favored, and the time number was "Mr.five". Taste with the bag, write poems with mountains and rivers, and shuttle between Xiqiao and Chunshi every day. When I entered the Ming dynasty, I studied behind closed doors, and I was exempted from tired recommendation. In the twenty-second year of Hongwu, he entered Beijing and died in Nanchang. Jie wrote a poem called "Linqing Collection", which spread all over the world.