Since ancient times, the imperial state has been lush and buoyant. It's been a dream for 4 years. It's sad, the garments of Jin are ancient dust.
swim around the water. Go to the top floor and go upstairs. Mo Wen, look back. Outside the threshold, the Yangtze River flows by itself.
Preface
Nanxiangzi Ancient Imperial State was written by Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty. This word was written by Wang Anshi when he stopped living in Jinling in his later years. Politically suppressed, it seems that they put their feelings in the rivers and lakes outside the world. In fact, there is a feeling of depression and loneliness that is difficult to get rid of.
Note
(1) Imperial State: refers to Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). Wu, Eastern Jin of the Three Kingdoms, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen and Southern Tang of the Southern and Northern Dynasties established their capitals here, so it is called the "Imperial State".
(2) lush: lush vegetation.
(3) Good spirit: it refers to a kind of spirit that produces emperors, which is a superstitious saying.
(4) 4 years: Jinling has been the imperial capital for nearly 4 years.
(5) the garments of Jin are ancient dust: a famous sentence in Li Bai's on climbing in nanjing to the terrace of phoenixes: "the paths of Wu Palace are crooked with weeds, the garments of Jin are ancient dust." The juxtaposition of the Jin Dynasty and the Wu Palace clearly shows the yearning of later poets for the Jin Dynasty. Crown: In ancient times, the clothes above the rank of scholar were even called clothes above the rank of earth, and later they were extended to clansmen and gentlemen. Guqiu: The tomb.
[6] Wandering freely: Wandering around the river to enjoy yourself. Arbitrarily and freely.
⑺ Geng: Again, again, more than once.
⑻ youyou: long. Far away.
⑨ turning back: refers to a thorough awakening. Buddhist language "the sea of suffering is boundless, and turning back is the shore."
⑽ sill: railing. The famous sentence in Tang Dynasty poet Wang Bo's Poem of Tengwang Pavilion: "Where is the emperor in the pavilion now, and the Yangtze River flows freely outside the threshold."
Translation
It used to be the capital of emperors in past dynasties, surrounded by lush trees, mountains and water, and clouds steaming and scenting. However, the prosperity of 4 years has passed away like a dream, which makes people sigh. The emperors and princes of the Jin Dynasty were already a cup of loess, which was abandoned by history.
Parade around the river bank and enjoy yourself. Go up one floor and then another. The past is long, and it's no longer worth asking. It's better to turn back early. The past is like smoke, just like the heartless river flowing from the east outside this threshold.
Appreciate
Shang Kan reminisces about the past and praises the prosperity of Jinling, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi wrote a poem "thoughts of old time at west fort mountain": "Wang Rui disembarked from Yizhou, the royal ghost has pined in the city of Nanjing. Chihiro's iron lock sank to the bottom of the river, and a stone fell out. " However, what Wang Anshi saw was very different from what Liu Yuxi saw. Here is a lush and flourishing place with a strong spirit. But that was in the Jin Dynasty, and it has been 4 years. In the Jin Dynasty, the family of "white clothes are better than snow and clothes" has become an ancient tomb. When looking back, how can we look back? The last sentence borrows a famous sentence from Li Bai's on climbing in nanjing to the terrace of phoenixes, expressing the same feelings of disappointment in the past. Placing one's ideals in the past times is a common way of writing in poetry, so as to show one's dissatisfaction with reality and at the same time make poetry have a "lofty" atmosphere.
I wrote about going upstairs to see the victory, expressing the melancholy of the past. The author climbed the tall building, looking far away, and his mood was difficult to calm down. Wang Anshi's pursuit is to carry out the new law and realize the desire of strengthening the people and enriching the country. However, due to the obstruction of the old school, his wish failed and he was unwilling. "Swimming around the water" is a way to dispel the sadness or injustice in my heart. Here, the author uses this typical action to express the boundless sadness in my heart. Fortunately, this kind of "swimming around the water" is not limited by anything outside, and you can "walk freely" and walk around at will. However, this is a kind of helpless freedom. What Wang Anshi pursues is to implement new laws and realize the desire of strengthening the people and enriching the country. Now, it can only be a "swim around the water", and the voice of lament is on paper. "Climb to the next floor" means "climb to the top and cherish the future" and "climb to the top and worry" in ancient China. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties, when Wang Can wrote "Ode to the Building", this action was endowed with the feeling of missing the old country. Wang Zhihuan's "at heron lodge" in the Tang Dynasty interprets this typical action and scene from the philosophy of life. Here, does the author miss his old country (capital) or "but you widen your view three hundred miles"? Through the above superficial leisure and inner anxiety, we can see that what he misses is to return to his old country and rebuild his great career; Through the recollection of the past, we can know that the author's psychology at this time is to give up the idea of missing the old country, but to pay attention to the pursuit of the past and to think about the past in a cultural sense; We can also conclude that the author wants to "climb high and look far", and the "far" here is not in space, but in time, which shows the author's unique interest and unique embrace. "Going upstairs" means not going up to the top of the building and then going up, but going up the building again and again. The conclusion is also a poem from the Tang Dynasty. The author of Wang Bo's "Poem of Tengwang Pavilion" has a special embrace here: it can be understood that history is ruthless, just like the water flowing eastward, and it has been moving forward. Perhaps everything that human beings have done is just a moment's stay in this water, which has no great significance; It can also be understood that no matter what happens to me at present, everything I do, like the Yangtze River, is an eternal existence; Or contact the previous sentence of the original poem of Tengwang Pavilion: "Where is the emperor in the pavilion now?" The rhetorical question asked today's emperor "where is it now" and expressed his desire to return to the court. But it seems that everything doesn't matter, just like the Yangtze River water, which keeps flowing and flowing.
The author narrates the history with Jinling as the topic, and regards the history of the prosperity and decline of the Six Dynasties as a "dream" of life. This kind of thought seems to be negative, but it actually implies that R Wang Anshi expressed his loneliness after retiring by chanting history and his feelings of worrying about the country and the people, grief and sorrow after the strike. Compared with "Guizhixiang", although the image of this word is not clear enough and the momentum is not strong enough, it is full of emotion and sad mood, which makes people feel the same and is easy to cause * * *.