ún yǐn zh büyü
Looking for what? Hide? Who is it? No? encounter
Jiduo decoction
Poet: Jia? Island (Tang)
Sangxi awan decoction
Loose? Next? Ask? Children? Son,
Yang Zhenning
Words? Teacher? Pick? Medicine? Let's go
intrigues of the warring states
Only? Are you online? This? Mountain? Yes,
yún shēn büzh chü
Cloud? Deep? No? Do you know? Location.
translate
Under the pine tree, I asked the young schoolchildren; He said that the master had gone to the mountains to collect medicine.
He also told me that it was in this mountain, but it was foggy and I didn't know his whereabouts.
To annotate ...
(1) Search: Search. Hermit: a hermit, a person who lives in seclusion in the mountains. In ancient times, there was a man who refused to be an official and lived in seclusion between Shan Ye. Generally refers to smart people. Nothing: nothing, nothing.
Boy: No adults, children. This refers to the disciples and students of the hermit.
(3) say: answer.
(4) Cloud depth: refers to the clouds on the mountain. Location: whereabouts, where.
Creation background
This poem was written by Jia Dao, a monk in the middle Tang Dynasty, when he visited a hermit in the mountains. Who is the hermit? Some people think it's Jia Dao's mountain friend Sun Xia. It is difficult to verify the specific creation time of this poem.
Make an appreciative comment
Jia Dao is a famous poet, famous for his word "scrutiny". I believe he is just working hard on the use of words. In fact, his "scrutiny" is not only focused on hammering words and sentences, but also painstaking in article design. This poem is an example.
As a lyric poem, the whole poem has 20 words, but it has environment, characters, plots and extremely rich content. Its mystery lies in the unique application of question and answer. It is not a question and answer, but a few questions and answers, and the question has an answer. The first sentence omits the subject "I". I came to Matsushita, asked the boy, and found that Matsushita was the hermit's residence, and the hermit went out. The topic of "leaving a note for the absent ecluse" has been made clear. When a hermit goes out to ask his "boy", he has to ask something. The question is omitted here, and the answer of the "boy" is written: "The teacher collects medicine." As you can imagine from these four words, Panasonic asked at that time, "Where did the teacher go?" "I" made a special trip to find "hermit", and "hermit" went to collect medicine, so I naturally want to get him back. So he asked the boy, "Where are the herbs?" The poet didn't write this question clearly, but answered it with a teenager who was "but towards which corner of the mountain" and implicitly included the question. The last sentence, "How can I tell through such a cloudy day?" It is the boy who answers the other's questions about whether herbs are collected in front of the mountain, behind the mountain, at the top of the mountain and at the foot of the mountain. Obviously, it takes at least six sentences to express the repeated questions and answers. Jia Dao adopted the method of answering comprehensive questions, simplifying the complex. This kind of "scrutiny" is not between the lines.
However, the success of this poem is not only simple; Simple words are not enough to explain its beauty. Shi Gui is good at lyricism. The lyrical feature of this poem is to see the depth in the plain. Visiting friends will naturally lead to disappointment. But in this poem, I don't stop asking questions, and there are two questions and three questions behind. Its handwriting is complicated, while its pen is simple. It is beneficial to see its deep affection and eagerness to write complex feelings with a simple pen. Moreover, these questions and answers are in-depth step by step, and emotional expressions have ups and downs. When I asked your students under a pine tree, I was happy and full of hope; ""My teacher, "he replied," went to collect herbs ""answered what he didn't expect, and he fell down and was disappointed; There is a glimmer of hope in the disappointment of "but which corner of the mountain"; When the last answer is "how do I know through these clouds?" I am very frustrated and helpless.
The lyricism of poetry should rely on artistic image and pay attention to color tone. On the surface, this poem seems colorless and unpretentious, and it is light makeup rather than heavy makeup. In fact, its shape is natural, its color is bright and its shade is suitable. The image and color of pine trees, long white clouds, blue and white, pine and cypress and clouds, are in line with the identity of a hermit in the depths of Yunshan. Moreover, the hermit did not see his paintings first, and there was infinite vitality in the green stand; Then I saw large tracts of white clouds, which were deep, hazy and unpredictable, making people think that Qiushui Iraqis were nowhere to be found. The gradual change of modeling and the order of tone also reflect the poet's emotional and material transfer.
The hermit in the poem collects medicine for a living and helps the living. He is a real hermit. So Jia Dao has admiration for him. In the poem, the white clouds show their nobleness, the pine trees praise their character, and the landscape writing also contains the meaning of comparison. Only in this way, admiration and the satisfaction of failure highlight their disappointed feelings. In addition, the poet, as an intellectual in feudal society, left the bustling city and came to live in seclusion among the dusty pines, cypresses and white clouds. The reason is also intriguing, intriguing.