The prosperous agricultural economy of Dai society not only laid the economic foundation for the development of Dai literature, but also opened a broader world for the creation of Dai literature. The rise of primitive religion and the birth of wizards and singers have provided a large number of creative talents and positions for Dai literature to display their talents. Therefore, since the middle period of farming, Dai poetry has developed greatly on the basis of "sporadic songs" (ancient songs), and various types of sacrificial songs, production songs, custom songs and love songs have emerged in large numbers, forming a literary creation climax with a certain scale. During this period, a large number of love songs and poems emerged. The six famous love poems of the Dai people are Sanduluo (flower love poem), Sanhum (argot love poem), Sandou Dream (rhythmic love poem), Sanpa (career change love poem), Sannuolie (parrot love poem) and Sanhong (phoenix love poem).
At first, these love songs and poems were spread among the people through oral singing. After the 6th century AD, with the introduction of Buddhist culture and the widespread use of Dai characters, these love songs and poems appeared in formal written versions. At present, the "six love poems" preserved in Xishuangbanna are all manuscripts with a history of hundreds of years. Dai language calls these love poems "three", which means "expressing feelings".
Among these love poems, Phoenix love poems are considered to be the best, with the highest achievements and elegant and gorgeous poems:
Elegant phoenix,
Please spread your wings and fly,
Facing the gorgeous glow,
Flap your colorful feathers,
Let your wings be covered with white clouds,
Let your figure accompany the breeze,
Please take my sacred love letter,
Through broad and flat dams and mountains,
Fly to the place I miss in my dream,
Put my heart, life and love
Take it to the lover I miss-
Phoenix Love Poetry is a love poem with high artistry, profound content, profound meaning, thought-provoking and endless aftertaste, which has been circulated among thousands of people. Its characteristics are: first, things refer to people, past and present; Second, with the Phoenix pattern, 3 1 Dai letters and symbols appear on the Phoenix pattern, each letter represents a meaning, or a line of poetry, a poem, just like telegraph code, which makes people translate, understand and speculate, and easily stimulates people's emotions; Third, the language is fluent, the metaphor is appropriate, and it has a gripping charm.
Among the above six Dai love poems, besides the Phoenix love poem, there are also flowers love poems and parrot love poems, which are deeply loved by the Dai people:
Beautiful bodhi tree,
The leaves are tender and green,
There are thousands of young leaves,
I didn't know that piece was a girl's heart.
Good little Ying Ge,
The sunset has set on the hill,
Your spinning wheel is waiting at home,
The rotating fields are looking forward to the blowing of bamboo rafts.
Why are you still flying in the wild?
Lotus in the pond,
You always smell good,
Petals are your cheeks,
Lotus is your dress,
Brother wants to pick a lotus leaf and take it back.
I'm afraid it will hurt you.
……
This is a group of poems in love poems. The similarity between flower love poems and parrot love poems lies in the way of courtship, which fully shows the artistic charm of "Bayeux culture" and reaches a fascinating situation.
Girl, the person I miss,
What I want to tell you today is that,
Three dams can't be broadcast,
The fragrant mango is golden when it is ripe.
Our love should also produce beautiful flowers.
Tian has been worried about water.
I miss you so much that my heart is pounding.
The moon and the stars are very close,
Our love has matured,
Don't wait until next year.
This is another group of poems in parrot love poems. Like love poems, the main line still appears in the form of "courtship". Love (song) poems in "Baye Culture" take on various forms and types because they are produced in different times, different geographical environments and different love lives. But according to the main content, it can be divided into two categories: "courtship poems" and "lovelorn poems". Its characteristics are mixed with "voice of love", "story of love" and "love letter". Most of these works praise love positively and directly express the singer's wishes. This feature is the pattern of love poems and love songs in "Bayeux Culture".
Dai people are a nation of songs and poems. Poetry is always everywhere in the colorful life of the Dai people. When congratulating the new house, express congratulations with poems; When you get married, express your joy with poetry; When encountering misfortune, express peace with poetry; When working in the mountains, use poetry to express joy. Poetry and songs are the spring water in the hearts of the Dai people and never-ending music. Poetry and songs communicate the friendship between people and express people's beautiful ideals and wishes; Poetry and songs pour out the joys and sorrows in people's hearts; Poetry and songs and the emotional blending of Dai people. Poetry and song are two magnificent flowers in Bayeux Culture and Art Garden.
Dai is a poetic nation, and "Bayeux culture" is a poetic culture.
"Bayeux culture" not only has colorful and diverse folk songs, but also has 550 long narrative poems, ranking first among 56 ethnic groups in China. According to the different historical periods and contents, Dai folk narrative poems can be roughly divided into four categories: creation epic, myth epic, hero epic and tragedy narrative poem, among which the number of myth epic and hero epic is the largest. These ballads and narrative poems are wonderful works of literature and art of "Baye Culture" and the main form of Dai literature.
Most Dai folk narrative poems are rewritten and recreated according to the story of the same name of Jing. It has a long history and a large number, each of which is more than 3 thousand to 10 thousand lines. In particular, Wu Chabalot, Mianba Sidon, Langa Xihe, Batamagaro and Mianxiang, which are called "Five Poets Kings" by the Dai people, are all above tens of thousands of lines. Among them, Wuchabalot and Tieba Xi Dun are both very long, the former has more than 654.38+02,000 lines, while the latter has more than 60,000 lines. In content and length, it is much broader than the world's "four great epics"-Iliad, Odyssey, Mahabharata and Ramayana. These long poems and The King of Poets are not only long in length, but also reflect a broader social life. Without a certain degree of creativity, it is difficult to achieve. Therefore, the birth of narrative poems is an important stage in the development history of Dai literature, which marks the "golden age" of Dai literature. The long folk narrative poems of the Dai nationality are bizarre and beautiful. They reflect the tortuous life path and pure and beautiful love life of the Dai people from different angles.
Let's listen to the opening remarks of Langasi River (Ten Demons), one of the "Five Great Poets"!
"I picked up Dai's ancient pen,
Write this song on white paper,
Clouds in the sky, waves in the lake,
Are rolling in the song.
Listen, a girl as beautiful as a flower,
The sun stopped to listen to me sing,
The moon often visit my doors and window,
Because Langa's story is as wide as the sea.
May it become a sweet spring,
In the heart of every upright person,
I hope it is as fragrant as Burmese cinnamon,
Sprinkle it on the bamboo building of every household.
This is a large-scale and far-reaching Dai myth epic, with 22 chapters and more than 33,000 lines. Through the legendary plot, the work shows a broad picture of the social life of the Dai people in ancient times, portrays as many as 70 vivid typical characters, and launches a complex and magnificent battle between man, god and monkey around Princess Nanxila of Mongana. The theme of long poems is highly popular, and the Dai social customs and subtropical scenery described in the poems make the works have strong local and national characteristics. This masterpiece is not only of literary appreciation value, but also of great value to the study of Dai social history, religion and national cultural exchanges.