"Two Poems by Li Qingzhao" is arranged in the second unit of compulsory course 4 of the general high school curriculum standard experimental textbook published by the People's Education Press. The following is an interpretation of the high school Chinese text "Two Poems by Li Qingzhao" that I brought to you. I hope it will be helpful to you. Interpretation of the text "Drunk Flower Yin" in Chinese language for the second year of high school
The mist is thick and the clouds are full of sorrow, and the day will last forever ①, Rui Nao ② sells the gold beast ③. (The thin mist, dense clouds, and gloomy weather stir up a lot of worries. The spices of borneol are slowly burning in the animal-shaped incense burner. The embroidery room is quiet and the light smoke is curling up. From morning to night, the long day is calling people. Hard to bear. ① Yongzhi: the long day. ② Rui Nao: a kind of spice, also known as borneol. ) [The first two sentences describe the time as long and boring. The purpose of the word. The mist and thick clouds set off the background for melancholy. "Eternal day" is the psychological reflection of "sorrow". When you forget about happiness, you will be sad and difficult to move forward. You will be filled with worries and it will be difficult to survive even a minute or a second. The poet was lonely and bored, so he had no choice but to burn incense to kill time. "Light smoke rises from the stove, floating in the room", the poet is sitting alone in the boudoir, lost in thought in front of the "golden beast", the light smoke on the stove is lingering, like the thoughts in his heart, chaotic and endless. The words unfold in this gloomy and confusing atmosphere. ] The festival is the Double Ninth Festival, jade pillow ① gauze kitchen ②, the coolness starts to penetrate in the middle of the night. (The wonderful festival coincides with the Double Ninth Festival. Although there are white porcelain pillows and bed kitchens shrouded in gauze, I can't fall asleep tossing and turning. I only feel cold all over my body in the middle of the night. ① Jade pillow: the good name of porcelain pillow. ② Shaqi: gauze tent, a It is called a blue gauze tent. It is a tent made of light gauze held up by a wooden frame. It is used to keep away mosquitoes and flies in the summer.) [These three sentences are flashbacks, recalling the sadness and loneliness of sleeping alone in the boudoir last night. The word first points out "Double Ninth Festival" and explains the reason for "sorrow". The Double Ninth Festival is a time for relatives and friends to reunite, climb mountains together, wear dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine. "Every festive season, I miss my loved ones even more." On this good day, her husband was not around, and there was only one person left everywhere. How could she not be filled with sadness? Then she described how she was lonely and lonely all night last night. I was sleeping in the Bisha kitchen, pillowed on a white porcelain pillow, all alone, tossing and turning, unable to fall asleep. In the middle of the night, I suddenly felt cold all over my body: not a cold body, but a cold heart. The first sentence describes the sadness during the day, and the two sentences go back to describe the desolation of last night. The poet's emotion changes from "sorrow" to "desolation", pushing the pain of parting to another level. ]
Dongli ① After dusk, there is a faint fragrance ② sleeves filled with wine. (I was drinking wine and admiring the chrysanthemums in Dongli until the sun set in the west. After dusk, the faint fragrance of yellow chrysanthemums filled my sleeves. ① Dongli: Tao Yuanming's poem "Drinking"? Plucking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see the Nanshan Mountain leisurely?. Then there is Dongli refers to the place where you enjoy chrysanthemums. ②Secret fragrance: This refers to the fragrance of chrysanthemums.) [This literally describes the story of drinking and admiring chrysanthemums, but it actually refers to the inextricable sorrow in her heart through ancient stories. . The ancients had the custom of admiring chrysanthemums and drinking wine during the Double Ninth Festival. Meng Haoran, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in "Crossing the Old Friend's Village": "On the Double Ninth Festival, I still come to see chrysanthemums." Tao Yuanming's poem "Drinking": ? Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, leisurely seeing the Nanshan Mountain. ?The author envies the extraordinary and carefree life of the ancients. Therefore, she followed the example of the ancients who also drank wine until dusk, hoping to get drunk and then rest. She could use wine to soothe her sorrows and resolve the myriad of sorrows in her heart! However, the water flowed even more when the knife cut off the water, and she drank the wine to drown her sorrows. The sorrow is even more sorrowful, and the result of drinking wine in Dongli is that there is a faint fragrance filling the sleeves. "The fragrance fills the sleeves" is adapted from "Nineteen Ancient Poems" "The fragrance fills the sleeves, but the road is far away". No matter how beautiful and fragrant the chrysanthemum is, it cannot be given to relatives who are far away. ?Dongli is drinking wine? Not only can't I get rid of my longing for my husband, but it also adds a little more lovesickness, a little trouble, and a little sadness about separation. Therefore, the words naturally forced the following sentences. ] There is no way that I am not in ecstasy. The west wind blows behind the curtain, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. (Don’t say anything about not destroying your soul. When the west wind rolls up the bead curtain, I am haggard and withered and become even thinner than the yellow flower. ① The curtain rolls to the west wind: the reverse text of "the west wind rolls the curtain". ② The yellow flower: refers to the chrysanthemum.) [This is the emotional climax of the whole article. The poet went from "sadness" to "coolness" and then to "ecstasy". He was devastated, disoriented, and without a master. The pain was extremely painful and extremely deep. Jiang Lang's "Farewell": "The one who is in ecstasy can only say goodbye." ?All kinds of sorrows come from the pain of separation. The most interesting thing in the poem is the word "Mo Dao". Who has told the poet about "not ecstasy"? Obviously, only the husband of the poet Zhao Mingcheng. This hints to readers that Qingzhao has told Mingcheng the pain of separation countless times, and Mingcheng has comforted Qingzhao countless times not to worry or be upset. But the husband who was separated at a young age didn't know the trouble of being alone in the boudoir. Please don't say anything more? Don't be ecstasy? and the like. When the west wind rolls up the bead curtain, the autumn season comes, the Double Ninth Festival comes again, watching relatives from other families reunite and enjoy their family, why don't I leave the clouds far away? Mountains, dreams and dreams of my husband, I miss you so much that I become haggard and thin and listless day by day. I am even more spiritless than a withered chrysanthemum! These last three sentences, each word of which is exquisite, are a stroke of genius, and are famous lines that have been passed down through the ages. ]
The title of this poem is "Double Ninth Festival". The poet chose this specific day to express the sorrow of separation and longing for his husband when he was alone in the boudoir.
The first few lines of the poem describe the melancholy of a young woman in her boudoir who is separated from her husband and her husband. When she went out, there was "mist and thick clouds", and the weather was gloomy; when she stayed indoors, she was lonely and bored, burning incense to relieve her boredom; the day was hard, and the night was even worse; she couldn't sit still, couldn't sleep peacefully, and it was really hard to rest. The second part of the poem follows the previous part. The festival comes on the Double Ninth Festival, and it describes the life fragments of drinking wine and admiring chrysanthemums, and expresses the feelings of "ecstasy".
There is not a single word "sorrow" in the second film, but "sorrow" is everywhere. "Dongli drinks wine to relieve sorrow," "The dark fragrance fills sleeves" touches sorrow, ""Mo Dao" induces "ecstasy", pushes sorrow to a climax, and finally falls to the word "thin", which is the deepening of sorrow.
Famous writers have made many comments about this poem:
(1) This poem is deeply affectionate and bitter, and has been highly praised in ancient and modern times. First, let’s talk about the boring scene of eternal daylight, and secondly, let’s talk about the touching scene of the Double Ninth Festival. Change heads and drink wine at night. In the end, it was extremely sad because the flower's thinness affected my own thinness. What's particularly wonderful is that the word "Mo Dao" evokes it, and it is the same as Fang Huizhi's "How many times do you know Xian Chou?" sentence. (Tang Guizhang's "A Brief Explanation of Tang and Song Ci")
(2) The word choice must be carefully selected: rotten, dumb, stupid, weak, vulgar, blunt, and unprecedented in the lyrics. Those who have seen it before can not be used, but the word "Ye Yun" should be paid special attention to. The last word of a famous sentence from the ancients must be clear, meaningful, and resounding. For example, "people are thinner than yellow flowers." The word "skin" is used. "The spring breeze on the red apricot branches is noisy." , it depends on the person's intention and writing (Qing Dynasty? Shen Xianglong's "Essays on Ci").
(3) Li Qingzhao’s poems often come up with new ideas in the story, so as to achieve the goal of making things happen as if they had come from oneself, and naturally become pure and pure. ?. For example, the sentence "Drunken Flower Yin" written about loneliness and cherishment, "Festival and Double Ninth Festival", actually alludes to Wang Wei's "Remembering Shandong Brothers on September 9th", "I miss my relatives even more during the festive season". ?After dusk when the lights on the east fence are sprinkled, there is a faint fragrance filling the sleeves. The first sentence uses Tao Yuanming's poem "Drinking", "Picking Chrysanthemums under the Eastern Fence", and the second sentence uses "Nineteen Ancient Poems". Moreover, the two classics are organically combined to show the deep affection of missing people far away. The first knot is "No Way But Farewell" from Jiang Yan's "Farewell". "Those who lose their souls sadly are just farewells." It also adds a touching image of "people are thinner than yellow flowers". Therefore, it makes "escape the soul" abundant. If we call it "Mo Dao" again, the meaning becomes even deeper. (Ai Zhiping's "The Flow and Change of Graceful Ci") Interpretation of the text "Slow Voice" in Chinese language for the second year of high school
Looking and searching ①, deserted, miserable and miserable ②. (Inside and outside, up and down, looking left and right, here and there, looking here and there, but there is nothing to be seen or found. It is deserted and empty. The family has only four walls and nothing to grow. The situation is so miserable. I cannot help but feel desolate, desolate, and desolate. , pain, and sadness all came together, hurting the heart and breaking the bones. ① Xunxunmi: Describes being lost and lost, as if something has been lost. ② Qiqi: Sad and sad.)[ The first three sentences are composed of seven groups of overlapping words. They are a bold and novel artistic creation by the poet, and have been praised by critics all the time. Natural, not far-fetched, "no ax chisel marks". However, the beauty of this sentence is not limited to the superb skills. Its main beauty is that it has layers and depths, vividly describing the poet's extremely difficult situation and indescribable grief and indignation. The four words "Xunxunxifu" came from the sky like a shocking stone. What is the poet looking for? It is difficult to understand at first glance, but if you play around with it carefully, you will find that the poet may have been hungry, shivering with cold, and suffering from hunger and cold, which made her look like stars and look in a daze, so she subconsciously Searching in the house, hoping to find some food that can be used to satisfy hunger, or hoping to find some property, or hoping to find some antiques that can be sold for money. However, it was deserted, the house was bare, and there was nothing to grow in. As a result, nothing was gained, nothing was gained. ?Lonely and clear? These four words clearly refer to the environment, but also implicitly refer to the mood. In other words, the mood is infected by the environment, and the environment is infected by the mood. ?miserably miserable? describes the poet's extremely painful mood caused by this tragic situation. A stack of "desolate" is the key to connecting the external environment and the inner soul, connecting the previous and the next. In terms of language habits, desolate can be combined with coldness and clearness, as well as misery and sadness, thus forming various moods of desolation, desolation, misery, and desolation. Therefore, "desolate" is used as a medium to express "desolate and clear". The description of the environment transitions to the description of the miserable state of mind. It can be seen that these three sentences and fourteen characters are actually divided into three levels. "Search, search, search, search" describes actions, "deserted" describes the environment, and explains the reason why the search cannot be found, and "miserable and miserable" refers to the aftermath of the search. The mood is from the outside to the inside, from the outside to the inside, from the shallow to the deep, with rich literary and sentimental feelings. At the beginning of the article, a sad and sad atmosphere has enveloped the whole article, making the readers hold their breath. It is most difficult to take a breath when it is suddenly warm and then cold. (Especially when it turns from hot to cold, it is most difficult to take care of your breath. ① Warm to cold: warm and cold, the climate changes. At first, zh?. ② Take care of your breath: to nurse and maintain.)[? When it turns warm and cold? This sentence is also the difficulty of this word. Most critics only look at the weather and say that this poem was written in autumn, so it says "suddenly cold but then warm", but to be precise, only the weather in early spring is suitable to use "suddenly warm but then cold"; some also say that it describes the late autumn season. The temperature difference between day and night is very large. However, autumn is not particularly cold. Why is it said to be the most difficult to rest among the four seasons of the year? In fact, Li Qingzhao used a pun here. She clearly wrote that the weather suddenly turned cold, and there was a lack of clothes. He continued to describe the difficult and difficult situation in his life; at the same time, he also hinted at his own life experience, "warm and cold at once", which means that the poet was originally from a wealthy family of officials and officials, but suddenly suffered a sudden change and became destitute.
As the saying goes, it is easy to go from poverty to riches, and from riches to poverty. Li Qingzhao was accustomed to the life of a noble lady with fine clothes, fine food, fox fur and brocade quilts. Suddenly he fell into a poor family with little food and clothing. This poor and shabby life was naturally difficult to endure, so he said ?The hardest thing to do is to rest. ] How can three cups and two glasses of light wine defeat him and the strong wind that comes in the evening? (How can these three or two glasses of light wine withstand the cold wind at night.) [These sentences have a deep meaning and contain several layers of meaning. Ordinary literati are sentimental and often drink to drown their sorrows, but poets drink not just to drown their sorrows, but mainly to fight against the cold wind in the evening and to use the power of wine to resist the cold wind in the evening. The poet is looking for clothes and quilts to keep out the cold, so he can only rely on these few glasses of thin wine. The wine is so little and so light. If there are a few more glasses of strong wine, maybe he will not be afraid of "the late wind is coming", but other than this There are only three cups and two cups. The house is deserted and there is nothing else. It can be seen from this that for the poet, it is no longer a simple "sorrow". The survival problem caused by extreme poverty has become a serious real threat to her. This poem allows us to further see the tragic scene of the poet struggling in poverty and hunger. ] The wild goose has passed by, and I am sad, but it is an old acquaintance. (While I was feeling sad, suddenly a group of wild geese flew past the sky. When I looked up, I saw an old acquaintance from the past.) [The writer of these lines is nostalgic. Mr. Yu Pingbo's "Explanation of Selected Poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties": The geese may not know each other, but it is said that those who knew each other in the old days convey the meaning of nostalgia. "Nostalgic" cannot be wrong, but it is more accurate to say "nostalgia". Li Qingzhao wrote about wild geese many times, "A Cut of Plum Blossoms"? Who in the clouds will send brocade books? When the wild goose comes back, the moon will be full on the west tower?, "Niannujiao"? The wild geese come from the hometown in the north. However, the motherland has fallen, the home has been destroyed, the buildings and pavilions of the past have been reduced to ashes, and the pleasures and pleasures of the past have been reduced to nothing. The wild geese bear witness to the rise and fall of the poet's family, as well as happiness and sorrow. Yan is also the poet's messenger and a witness to the pure and deep love between her and her husband Zhao Mingcheng. Yan has repeatedly delivered brochures to the poet, brought her husband's warm greetings, and brought her thoughts and blessings for her husband; now, Zheng Yan is here again, but today she is alone, separated by shadow, loving and dependent on each other. The person who accompanied me has already died. Where can I send these thousands of worries? The fall of my country, the destruction of my home, the loss of my husband due to illness, and the loneliness in his later years. All kinds of sadness and misery are all concentrated in the word "sad". middle. ] Yellow flowers are piled up all over the ground, and they are haggard and damaged. ② Who can pick them now? Withered, damaged, this is equivalent to "sha", extremely, very. ③Who is worthy of picking? There are two interpretations, one is? Who? refers to people, which means who will come to pick flowers; the second is? Who? That is, "What" refers to flowers, meaning what flowers are there to pick. This book adopts the first understanding. Although the chrysanthemums once bloomed extremely luxuriantly and even piled up on the branches, they are now haggard and withered, and no one will pick them to wear on their heads anymore. Here, the past prosperity and present decline of chrysanthemums are described, which is exactly what the poet himself used to lament the great changes in his life experience. When the poet was young, he was beautiful and beautiful, like fishes and geese, but now he is old and his pearls are yellow, and tomorrow's flowers will be yellow. ?Who is worthy of being picked now? Who is willing to associate with you now? Relatives are dead, friends are scattered, and you are alone. How can there be any human kindness or pleasure? This sigh contains how much loneliness, how much depression, and how much desolation. !?Who is worthy of being married now? It can also be interpreted as: Who else is willing to marry you now? This poem also implies that when Li Qingzhao was in embarrassment and could not make ends meet, he may have had the idea of ??remarrying, but he was older. When the color fades, who wants to accompany you for the rest of his life? Therefore, it is natural to bring up the sentence "Keeping alone". ] Watching the window, how can I be alone? ① How can I get dark! (Ah! Watching by the window all day long, alone, how can I survive until dark! ① How can I be born: How, how can I.) [The poet's husband died, Childless, lonely, and helpless, she was bored and stood at the window with a stupid expression, looking at the night that refused to fall, feeling infinite pain in her heart, and couldn't help but lament: "Why was she born black!" Please be special. Note that the sentence "The wind is coming in the evening" in the last film shows that it is almost evening. The poet is waiting hard and it will not get dark yet. Every minute and every second is so difficult to survive. How about January? What about life? Such a situation, How can we delay until death! The word "black" implies that the poet is suffering endlessly, as if he has fallen into a dark abyss. By describing this unique feeling of time, the poet allows readers to imagine her extreme loneliness and sadness. ] The phoenix trees also drizzle, and at dusk, it rains bit by bit. (At dusk, it started to drizzle again, a little bit, and each drop fell on the leaves of the sycamore tree, making a heartbreaking sound.) [These three sentences let the readers imagine by describing the unique feeling of rain hitting the leaves. The loneliness of her situation and the misery of her heart. Drizzle? Bit by bit? is a weak and desolate sound that can only be heard in an extremely quiet environment. From this, we can imagine how desolate and desolate Li Qingzhao's residence is; and for an extremely sad person, Said, the sound of raindrops seems not to be dripping on the leaves, but also dripping in the heart, making the poet's heart cold and beating the poet's heart to pieces; and the sound of raindrops is continuous. , just like the sky at dusk is endless, when will it get dark! The drizzle of the sycamore tree, the words come from Wen Tingyun's "Geng Liuzi": ? The sycamore tree, the rain at midnight, does not mean separation and love, and the bitterness; one leaf, one sound Sound, empty steps dripping into the light.
?Wen Ci writes "midnight rain", Li Ci writes "evening rain"; Wen Ci writes about the pain of separation, while Li Ci describes the loneliness of one's life; Wen Ci's rain falls in the sorrow At dawn, Li Ci's rain drips in loneliness until dark; Wen Ci looks forward to the return of his relatives in sorrow, while Li Ci weeps in despair, so it is more miserable and desolate. ] This time ①, how can the word "chou" be enough to describe ②! (How can this kind of situation be summed up in one word? "Such"! ① Step: Situation, situation. ② "Jude: Contains it.") [The last sentence summarizes everything. The words are unique and have profound meaning. The word "second" covers the above text. "How can I use the word "sorrow" to express my feelings in such a difficult situation? Since the time of Yu Xin, some people have said that there are thousands and thousands of dendrobiums about sorrow, or they have said that sorrow is like a river or a sea. In short, there are so many words about it. But here I have reduced the many to a small, and only said that my thoughts are complicated, and how can I cover them all with just one word? "Sorrow". And the most wonderful thing is that it does not explain the mood beyond the word "sorrow", but it stops abruptly, with the tendency of "stopping" even if you want to say it. And such a quick ending can arouse the reader's reflection and reflection: The situation and mood of the poet cannot be summarized with one word "sorrow", so what kind of words should be used to describe it? This brings us back to the beginning of the poem: "Looking" Searching, deserted, miserable and miserable? This is a desolate, desolate, miserable situation and an extremely miserable state of mind. It embodies the pain of country subjugation, the sorrow of a lost family, the sorrow of widowhood, and the pain of being reduced. How can an understatement of "sorrow" be summed up? Or Liang Qichao said it best: "That kind of loneliness and panic situation cannot be understood by myself: so every word and every tear is swallowed with gritted teeth." ?"Emotions Expressed in Chinese Rhymes"]
This poem is an important representative work of Li Qingzhao's late period. The lyrics are desolate. Compared with his early works about sorrow, such as "Drunken Flower Yin", the style is obvious. different. In this poem, the author strives to exaggerate the "miserable and tragic" atmosphere, and repeatedly tells her inner extreme loneliness, which implies the great sorrow of losing her country, losing her family, losing her husband, and living in hardship and loneliness.
The first part of the poem focuses on describing the tragic situation of the poet after the fall of the country and the decline of his family. Sentences such as "Suddenly warm turns to cold"? "The wild goose has passed by" etc. describe the tremendous changes in the poet's family background. This change caused her to fall from an official and aristocratic family into the abyss of poverty and hunger. The beginning of the poem "Looking and searching, deserted, miserable and miserable" truly describes her extremely difficult situation and extremely painful state of mind at that time. . The second part of the poem focuses on describing the loneliness, helplessness and desolation and pain of the poet. Her husband is dead, her friends are scattered, and she has no children. In addition, she is old and shabby, and has no company to keep her company. She is alone all day long, with each other alone. The poet is alone, struggling in poverty and hunger, and it is difficult to survive every minute. "How can I be dark when I am alone guarding the window?", which truly describes this situation and mentality.
This poem has a great influence on the Chinese poetry circle and is highly praised. Here are two examples:
1. Zhang Duanyi's "Gui'er Collection" Volume 1: Yi Anqiu's Ci "Slow Voice": "Looking and searching, deserted and miserable." ?This is Mrs. Gongsun's sword dancing hand. There are no people in this dynasty who are incompetent in poetry, and there has never been anyone who has fourteen fold words. Later it said: "The phoenix trees are also drizzling, and it is drizzling at dusk." ?Also, there are no ax chisel marks in the overlapping characters. There is also a strange word that says: "Guarding the window, how can you be black alone?" The word "black" does not allow a second person to press it. There is such a style of writing among women, which is almost breathtaking.
2. Volume 6 of Tang Guizhang's "Brief Interpretation of Tang and Song Ci": This poem is purely written in fu style, and it is written about the sadness of the day, and the paper is filled with sobs. The following fourteen characters are repeated to express sadness. The center is not fixed, and if something is missing, it is said to be "searching, searching, searching". The room is quiet and the bed is empty, so it is called "deserted and deserted". ?Desolate, miserable, miserable? Six words, deeper, describing the plight of loneliness, the harder it is to bear. The following are three levels of situations in which prophecy can be hurt. ?Warm at first? Two sentences, saying that the climate is unstable and can cause damage. ?Three cups? Two sentences, saying that Xiaofeng (some versions are ?The wind is coming in the morning?) can be hurt when pressed. ?The wild geese pass? Two sentences, saying that the sound of wild geese can hurt your ears. Change the first three sentences, and they are still three levels of hurtful things. There are two sentences all over the floor, saying that being lazy and picking yellow flowers can cause harm. ? Guard ? two sentences, saying that the sun will grow longer and the darkness will hurt. ?Wu Tong? Two sentences, saying that raindrops can hurt the phoenix tree. The last sentence summarizes the above six levels of hurtful things.
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