Farmland refers to the land used for agricultural production; Farmed fields. The language "The Book of Rites": "Make a hundred acres of farmland." Basic introduction Chinese name: farmland mbth: Farmland Pinyin: nóng tián Zhuyin: ?ㄨㄙ?ㄧㄢ? Citation explanation, basic meaning, other correlation, type, surveying and mapping, citation explanation 1. Farmland. Song Yeshi's Supervision Department: "The promotion department is responsible for tea and salt, and the usage is harsh. When it comes to Changping Yicang, water conservancy and farmland, it is ignored." Xu Guangqi's "Encyclopedia of Agricultural Administration" in the Ming Dynasty, Volume III: "Supervising officials and people to repair farmland water conservancy has made the world famous." 2. Refers to the Ministry of farmland management. "The History of Song Dynasty: The First Record of Food Goods": "So Jia Changchao led the farmland, but he drowned it before he did it, and the matter stopped." Basic meaning Farmland, also known as cultivated land, refers to the land that can be used to grow crops in geography. Basic farmland refers to the cultivated land which is determined according to the demand of population and national economy for agricultural products in a certain period and the forecast of construction land. It is the minimum demand of cultivated land that must be ensured from a strategic perspective in order to meet the demand of population and national economy for agricultural products in a certain period. People call it "eating field" and "life-saving field". About 31 million of the earth's 148 million square kilometers of land are arable land, deforestation and desertification. For example, excessive cultivation on the central plateau of Madagascar has led to serious desertification. Another small but important reason is the river water control project. The cultivated land on the river bank can't backfill the eroded part because of the lack of soil brought by the river water, and the cultivated land is gradually lost. Most of the cultivated land is located around many big rivers, such as Nile, Mississippi, Tigris and Euphrates, Yellow River, Yangtze River, Amazon River, Ganges River and Rhine River. Fertile farmland has been accumulated by sediments from rivers or oceans. In modern times, due to the control of water control projects, river flooding is not common, which makes intensive agriculture on cultivated land enough to support the huge population on the earth. The banks of the Nile River will flood regularly and leave fertile sludge on the banks, which is an excellent fertilizer. Even if the land has been over-cultivated and the nutrients have been exhausted, the sludge that overflows every other year can still restore the fertility of the cultivated land. Although it can provide a more comfortable environment for human beings in areas with flood control, it will also have a very adverse impact on cultivated land. Other related types According to the landform, the farmland in China can be divided into the following types: terraced fields, in order to maintain soil and water and develop agricultural production, turn sloping fields into terraced farmland along contour lines. Most of them are distributed in the loess plateau in the northwest and hilly and mountainous areas in the south (see terraced fields). The dam site is located in the ditch in the soil erosion area, and the farmland silted by sediment is intercepted by damming and weir repair (see dam site). Pingba field is located in the middle of intermountain basin, the floodplain and terrace of open valley, or the farmland on lakeside alluvial plain. Generally, it has flat terrain, complete fields, good irrigation conditions and fertile soil, and is a rice field concentrated area in southern China. Farmland located in a narrow valley between hills or mountains. Generally, it is fanned out from the valley head along the natural terrain to the open flat dam valley, which is an important farmland in the hilly and mountainous areas of the south. Polder field is a farmland reclaimed by embankment in low-lying and waterlogged areas of alluvial plains in rivers and lakes. In drought, the gate can be opened for irrigation; In case of waterlogging, the sluice is closed to lift water and pump it out (see drainage in polder fields). Strip field is divided into several rectangular fields in order to facilitate farming, field management and crop rotation to improve soil fertility. Generally speaking, it refers to the field surrounded by the final fixed field engineering facilities, which is the basic unit of human and animal and mechanical operations in agricultural production and the smallest unit of farmland capital construction. Therefore, when planning strip fields, it is necessary to make overall consideration according to the conditions such as topography, soil, irrigation, drainage, machine tillage, windproof, crop types and management level (see cultivated land planning). Paddy fields are built with ridges, which can often store water and be used to grow aquatic crops. Farmland temporarily replanted with dry crops due to drought or implemented with paddy-upland rotation is still regarded as paddy field. Irrigated land has water sources and irrigation facilities, and farmland that can be irrigated. It is one of the effective measures to develop and utilize surface water and groundwater resources actively in agricultural production and change dry land into irrigated land. There is no irrigation facilities in dry land, and crops are cultivated by natural precipitation. A terrace-shaped field that is higher than the ground and surrounded by ditches. Building a platform is a land improvement project to eliminate waterlogging and control alkali. In low-lying areas prone to waterlogging and alkali with poor drainage, ditches are dug in the field to raise the field surface and reduce the groundwater level. Surveying and mapping farmland is a tedious task, but it is very important. It will make farmers in China feel more at ease about their rights and interests.