The flag was hung on the city, and my concubine learned it in the palace?
One hundred and forty thousand people were disarmed, and none of them were men!
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Fei, a native of Qingcheng (now west of guanxian, Sichuan), was blessed by Meng Taste, the master of the later Shu Dynasty, and worshipped the imperial concubine and Mrs. posthumous title Huarui. She once imitated Wang Jian and wrote hundreds of palace poems, which were praised by people at that time. After Shu Mengping was settled, he was exiled to Song Dynasty. Song Taizu had already heard the name of her poem and called her Chen Shi. Xu recited the poem "Reasons for National subjugation". Poetry is pungent and euphemistic, neither supercilious nor supercilious, which is quite different from the "Palace Ci" that the author is good at, and was praised at that time (according to Shu Zhi of Sixteen Countries in the Spring and Autumn Period). Poetic critics of later generations often enjoy themselves.
This poem goes straight to the story of the country's demise: "The king's city has raised a flag." According to historical records, the monarchs and subjects of Shu were extremely extravagant and dissolute. When Song Jun was besieged, Meng Changjun felt helpless and humiliated and surrendered. The poem only says "flags are flown at half mast", and the wording is implicit. The next language is only three points, but it is meaningful and intriguing.
The second sentence "I learned it in the palace" is purely spoken, but the meaning is very subtle. Generally speaking, there are two meanings: First, the poems and essays that complained about the country's death in past dynasties mostly held the theory that "women are a disaster for the country's death", such as complaining about the death of da ji's business and Wu's death. And this poem is like a self-defense of "the disaster of national subjugation". The language seems to sigh lightly, but the wording is slightly graceful and meaningful. Secondly, to say the least, it is useless to surrender without the "concubine" in time. A weak woman can't have the power to turn the tide. However, after all, "I learned" that Yun Yun also expressed a sense of shame, which is different from the "boy" who is willing to be a prisoner. This leaves room for the next atrocities.
The third sentence takes care of the first sentence "raising the flag" and depicts the surrender scene of the Shu army "140,000 people disarming together". The history shows that there were only tens of thousands of people in Song Jun at that time, but there were "140,000 people" in Houshu. With several times the strength of the enemy, even in the face of a strong enemy, there is no reason to die. However, Shu Meng, who has always been addicted to pleasure, was demoralized and frightened, and finally staged an ugly drama in which many people became widows. "140,000 people" did not have a martyr, they did not have the slightest masculinity. Of course, their language is a little exaggerated, but it effectively writes a woman's shame and indignation: shame lies in dying without fighting.
At this point, the author's feelings of shame, anger and pain have been fully brewed, so a hot curse broke out: "No one is a man!" " "The contrast between No More and 140,000 People is soul-stirring." Poetry can complain "is actually more than resentment. Here is already "laughing and cursing, everything has become an article."
This poem is written with great passion, showing the pain of national subjugation and the deep feelings for those who wronged the country; It is full of personality, showing a lively and personalized female image. The poet called women men, more powerful and more distinctive. As far as the whole poem is concerned, the first three sentences are euphemistic and implicit. Although pungent and euphemistic, it is not as good as those who are not blindly exposed and lack emotion.
According to the Song Dynasty and the Preface to Gai Zhai, this poem written by Mrs. Hua Rui has some merits. "The former king went down to the later Tang Dynasty, and Wang Chengzhi wrote a poem:' The owner of Shu State leads the sheep to bind the flag. 200,000 people surrendered, and none of them were men. ""Compared with these two poems, Xu's revision of Wang's poems is very good. The first two sentences of the original poem are too painstaking, so it is better to write them implicitly and tastefully, especially in the first person's "concubine" tone, which is more meaningful than the original and increases the point of view. Such a change has the value of reconstruction. As far as the poet Chen Shi is concerned, he has both sense of shame and courage. This behavior itself is enough to make Shu Meng's "men" feel ashamed. Therefore, it is no accident that this poem was appreciated by a great master, Zhao Kuangyin.