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"Village Evening" is a seven-character quatrain composed by Lei Zhen, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. This is a poem describing an evening scene in the countryside: the image depicts a pond surrounded by grass, a red sunset that seems to be bitten by the mountains, and a child returning home from herding cows sitting on the back of the cow, playing casually on the piccolo. Playing tuneless tunes. The poet wrote on the spot, forming a picture of the rural evening scene full of life interest, expressing the poet's love and praise for the rural evening scene
Original text of the work
Village Evening
p>The pond is full of grass and water is full of water⑴, and the setting sun on the mountain is soaked in cold ripples.
The shepherd boy returns and crosses the cow's back (3), playing the piccolo without any tune (4).
Annotation translation
Word and sentence annotation
⑴邂 (bēi): water bank.
⑵Title: Holding in the mouth. This finger is half-hanging on the mountainside as the sun sets in the west, as if it is bitten by the mountain. Dip: submerge. Hanyi: Cool water pattern. Yi (yī), water wave.
⑶Heng Niu Bei: Sitting on the back of an ox.
⑷Tune: tune. Xinkou: casually.
Vernacular translation
Green grass has grown all over the pond, and the water in the pond has almost overflowed the bank. The green mountains in the distance, holding the red sunset in their mouths, reflect their shadows in the water, flashing with sparkling waves. The little shepherd boy rode on the back of the cow and slowly returned home. He held a piccolo and played it casually without a fixed tune.
Creative background
Judging from the style of this poem, this poem was written around the time when the author was living in seclusion and visiting farmhouses in his later years (probably during the reign of Duzong of the Song Dynasty).
Appreciation of works
This poem shows a picture of a shepherd boy riding a bull and returning home at night, which truly reaches the realm of "painting in poetry". This is a poem describing the evening scene in the countryside: In a pond covered with green grass all around, the water in the pond is full, the sun is about to set, and the red fireball seems to be eaten by the mountains (it is after sunset), Reflected in the ripples of the cold pool water. A boy who was returning home from herding cows was sitting on the back of the cow, holding a piccolo and playing casually. The poet wrote on the spot, forming a picture of a rural evening scene full of life interest.
The first two sentences of the poem describe the background. The first sentence "The pond is full of grass" means that the season is already at the end of spring and the grass in the pond is already full. It refers to the famous sentence "The pond is full of spring grass" by Xie Lingyun's "Climbing the Pond and Going Up the Floor", but the word "man" is used to change the word "生", which shows that the pond is full of spring grass. The difference between the seasons. "Water Manpi" means that it is the rainy season, so the water rises very high. The second sentence writes about the setting sun in the distant mountains. The word "title" is used to vividly show the situation of the setting sun hanging on the top of the mountain. It is the same as the word "Tu" in Du Fu's "Mountain spitting out the moon" in "Si Geng Mountain", which shows the work of refining characters. Another word "immersion" is used to write about the setting sun reflected in the green mountains in the water, which is very similar to Wang Anshi's sentence "Beishan loses green and rises to Hengpi". The poem revolves around the pond, with the green grass and clear water in the pond bringing out the green mountains and sunset. It is connected with the word "dip" in the middle, making the pond look lively and colorful.
In such a peaceful and beautiful background, the protagonist, the shepherd boy, appears. He rode a cow towards the village, holding a piccolo in his hand and playing it casually. Compared with the tranquility of the previous two sentences, these two sentences are very vivid and lively. The shepherd boy rides the cow, not riding in a disciplined manner, but sitting horizontally; he does not play the flute seriously, but "plays without any tune". As a result, the naughty and innocent demeanor of the shepherd boy is vividly presented to the readers, which is refreshing.
The picture taken in the poem is not large, the scenery is concentrated on the pond, and the people are concentrated on the shepherd boy, and they are all closely centered around the word "village evening", which introduces people to the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan. In the countryside, people are full of yearning for the leisurely and quiet rural life. Prior to this, Zhang Shunmin's poem "Village Residence" contains the sentence "No one is lying on the cow's back at sunset, bringing the jackdaws back in twos and twos." Compared with this poem, there is no innocent shepherd boy in the picture, replaced by the cow's back crows to show the desolation of the village evening. The same rural scenery, due to the different moods of the poets, the pictures captured are different. One is full of interest, the other is melancholy and lonely. Therefore, the poet has a saying that "all scenery words are love words".