Since Pingliang Chengguan Junior High School undertook the implementation and promotion of the project "Homework Design", it has organized teachers to seriously study Mr. Wang Yuefen's teaching ideas on Homework Design, and based on the teaching practice and students' reality, organized teaching and designed homework in various subjects according to students' cognitive laws and psychological needs, with homework design as the starting point, strengthened "five management", continuously deepened classroom teaching reform, and fully implemented the requirements of "double burden reduction" to ensure that.
According to the needs of classroom reform, design a classroom guide sheet. It is an important tool for us to carry out classroom teaching reform according to our own learning situation and teaching situation, and it is of great significance to cultivate students' good study habits, realize the combination of teaching and practice, and realize efficient classroom.
I. Design principles
Every link of the guide sheet should be carefully designed to be beneficial to teaching, learning and management, and truly become the handrail of teaching and the grasp of learning.
1. Design "learning objectives"
It should be presented in turn from the perspective of students; The text is concise, clear, operable and measurable.
2. Design "analysis of important and difficult points"
On the basis of deeply understanding and grasping the teaching text, we should objectively analyze the difficulties or give guidance on learning methods around them.
3. Design a "guided learning problem"
According to the needs of learning guidance, the types of questions are presented in turn: concept questions, principle questions, exercise questions and expansion questions.
Understanding and grasping "the problem of exercises" means that students can be given the examples, exercises, exercises and extracurricular exercises in the textbook purposefully, and on this basis, students are required to think actively and summarize the knowledge points and skills of the text.
The understanding of "ideological problems" means that teachers should have a dialogue with curriculum standards, editors, textbooks and themselves, and design problems with a certain amount of thinking on the basis of in-depth excavation and extension of textbooks, so as to arouse students' positive thinking.
The understanding of "expanding problems" refers to the problems found in expanding learning by reading text materials or related reference materials. Linking text knowledge with students' own learning and life experience; Establish contact with school life; Establish contact with social life; Establish contact with science and technology, culture, history, future life and so on. Based on this connection, design questions, trigger learning, and make students go out of the text and enter an infinite space.
4. Design a "knowledge link"
There should be links to the background knowledge related to the teaching content of the unit or chapter, and relevant allusions, anecdotes, anecdotes, historical materials, backgrounds, authors, etc. can be designed and presented. Starting from the needs of stimulating interest, broadening horizons and stimulating emotions, students can walk out of the text and move towards a broader space.
? Step 5 Design "My Question"
Emphasize that teachers' teaching should leave room for students to ask questions.
Teachers use the instruction form, which is required to be distributed to students at least before class. They should take this as a starting point, implement classroom teaching and practice, effectively promote classroom teaching reform and put an end to teachers' centralized teaching. At the same time, it is stipulated that political history and local homework only contain the contents of the guide sheet, and no extra homework is arranged. Moreover, the guide sheet should be systematically saved and sorted and bound into a book, which is convenient for review and consolidation and effectively reduces the learning burden of students. In order to better summarize the valuable experience of front-line teaching, further deepen the classroom reform of the school and improve the quality of education and teaching in an all-round way, the school holds a "guide sheet design" evaluation activity every semester to commend and reward the guide sheets and lesson preparation groups that embody the characteristics of normative, scientific and efficient classroom reform.
Second, the overall requirements of the school for after-school homework design under the policy of double reduction
The burden of students is most directly reflected in homework. Therefore, in the management of after-school homework, it is required to fully implement the "student-oriented" educational concept from the teacher's level, accurately grasp the nature and function of homework, and make improvements in the aspects of homework design and layout, homework correction and evaluation, and homework guidance. So as to effectively improve teachers' ability to design homework and improve teaching by using homework. At the school level, it is necessary to effectively improve the ability of school homework management, manage homework scientifically and normatively, clarify the requirements of homework norms, and form effective and efficient operational measures. At the same time, schools should do a good job in guiding and supervising teachers, so as to urge teachers to arrange students' homework on the right track and in a scientific virtuous circle, completely abandon the random, repetitive and inefficient arrangement mode, and form a perfect and effective homework management system.
1. There are various forms of homework, which reflect the application of what you have learned.
The process of homework setting must meet the requirements of the current educational situation, with innovative content and various forms, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating and improving students' quality. Establish a new concept of student-oriented, novel and diverse, staff-oriented, and attach importance to applying what you have learned. Cultivate their innovative consciousness and practical operation ability, feel the connection between knowledge and life, make every student like studying and doing homework, and promote students' all-round and healthy development.
For example, the assignment of China's ancient poems is to draw a poem that you think is the most picturesque in your exercise book. Writing a character's homework is to draw a picture for your favorite teacher, classmate or other people. Draw the appearance first, then think about the character's hobbies, and finally write a brief introduction, so as to master the writing style of the character in drawing and writing.
2. Optimize the topic structure and encourage students to innovate.
Let students pass on old knowledge, internalize new knowledge and exercise the flexibility of students' thinking in the process of homework. The process of homework is a process of checking the effect of students' learning new knowledge, and it is also a process of internalizing knowledge and exploring new knowledge in different classes. For example, when teaching "quadratic function", the topic structure is optimized as follows: we often see cans in our lives. If you look closely, you will find their "secret", that is, their bottom diameter is twice as high. Is this secret a coincidence, an accident, or is there something "inside"? Revealing secret phenomena is something that most students are interested in, especially for these phenomena that exist around them. While students are exploring, teachers can give timely guidance to help them analyze cans from the aspect that they are cylindrical on the basis of ignoring the hem. At this time, the homework content is extended: then students think about how to design the tank with the least raw materials under a certain volume. How to quantify? Try to use the knowledge of the maximum value of the function to solve the problem. In this way, a "life problem" is simply and naturally transformed into a "math problem", which makes students feel interesting and deeply understands the omnipresent magic of mathematics.
3. The school rewards homework design preparation team.
The school rewards the creation of innovative homework cases after class. The school regards the creation of innovative homework cases in various subjects as an important basis for the selection of excellent lesson preparation groups, increases the recognition and reward, reflects the innovation and scientificity of homework design, and makes the types of homework design more colorful.
? Third, the improvement of homework design.
The road of homework design research has just begun. The school is willing to exchange the "diligence" of teachers for the "lightness" of students. We should carefully select quantity, quality and samples, realize moral cultivation through homework and realize students' all-round development.
1. Encourage teachers to actively change the concept of homework design and layout, put an end to engaging in sea tactics, and arrange a large number of rigid homework with monotonous content and mechanical form. The design and arrangement of homework should fully arouse students' enthusiasm, try to avoid those boring forms, and strive to make the homework form full of interest and make students willing to do it.
2. Guide sheet has been involved in teaching in Chengguan junior high school for nearly two years. The guide sheet design of linguistics, physics and chemistry is obviously superior to other subjects, and science is obviously superior to liberal arts. The design of science guide sheet not only pays attention to the design of pre-class questions, but also gives consideration to the hierarchical design of concepts, principles and expansion problems, which conforms to the teaching characteristics of science classes. The guide sheet of liberal arts should pay attention to the design of "knowledge link" and carefully design the guide questions from the perspective of stimulating students' interest in class.
3. Bring homework design into the category of collective lesson preparation, and try to be as few as possible from the perspective of classic topic selection and hierarchical arrangement. The class teacher is responsible for the homework of basic subjects every day, and the homework design should pay attention to practicality, experience and openness, and carry out the overall design of unit homework.
4. The school should invite experts to guide while increasing the recognition and reward, so as to reflect the innovation of homework design and avoid the deviation of homework design ideas.
refer to
(1) research on "dialysis operation" based on 30,000 data Wang Yuefen? Viann et al.
(2) The Teaching Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission.
(3) Core literacy-oriented homework and proposition design.