The three most famous buildings in China are Tengwang Pavilion in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and Yueyang Tower in Yueyang, Hunan Province.
1. Tengwang Pavilion and related poems
1. Introduction
Tengwang Pavilion is located on the bank of Ganjiang River in Donghu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. It is an ancient Chinese royal pavilion. An outstanding representative of unique artistic style and brilliant achievements. Since its completion in the fourth year of Yonghui reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 653), it has gone through many hardships. In the more than 1,300 years since the pavilion was built, it has been repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt. Each time it is rebuilt, it not only reproduces the charm of the ancient pavilion, but also becomes larger and larger in scale.
In 1926, Tengwang Pavilion was destroyed for the last time at the hands of Beiyang warlord Deng Ruzhuo. On October 1, 1983, the 29th reconstruction of Tengwang Pavilion officially started and was completed in 1989. The new pavilion has 9 floors and is 57.5 meters high. It is a large-scale imitation Song Dynasty building and the tallest pavilion among the three famous buildings in Jiangnan.
2. Related verses
The setting clouds and solitary swans fly together, the autumn water and the long sky are the same color. ——"Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng" by Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty
(The colors of the sunset in the sky are constantly changing, and a lonely wild duck flies slowly by.)
Where is the emperor's son in the pavilion now? ? Outside the threshold, the Yangtze River flows freely. ——Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty, "Poems of Prince Teng's Pavilion"
(Prince Teng, who used to visit the high pavilion, is now nowhere to be found, only the surging river water outside the railings flowing in the distance.)
< p>Towards dusk, bid farewell to the souls of the guests, at the corner of the city. ——Wu Qian of the Song Dynasty, "The River is Red, Yuzhang Prince Teng's Pavilion"(The world is so big, but there is no place for me to stay.)
2. Yellow Crane Tower and related poems
1. Introduction
The Yellow Crane Tower was built after Dongwu recaptured Jingzhou during the Three Kingdoms period (223 AD). The original purpose of building the building was for Soochow to defend against the invasion of Liu Bei of the Shu Han Dynasty and for observation.
The Yellow Crane Tower has historically been a gathering place for literati and poets, and has left many immortal masterpieces.
2. Relevant verses
Qingchuan has Hanyang trees, fragrant grass and luxuriant parrot island. ——Cui Hao of the Tang Dynasty, "Yellow Crane Tower" (The green trees of Qingchuan Pavilion in Hanyang are clearly visible, and the lush grass of Parrot Island can be seen clearly.)
The old friend bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, fireworks Travel to Yangzhou in March. ——Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty, "Farewell to Meng Haoran at the Yellow Crane Tower in Guangling" (My friend said goodbye to me at the Yellow Crane Tower, and went on a long trip to Yangzhou in March when the catkins were like smoke and the flowers were blooming.)
Three , Yueyang Tower and related poems
1. Introduction
In the fourth year of Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty (716 AD), Zhongshu ordered Zhang Shuo to be demoted and exiled to Yuezhou (today's Yueyang City) . The following year, Zhang Shuo rebuilt a pavilion on the site of Lu Su's Yueyang Tower and officially named it Yueyang Tower.
In the fourth year of Qingli in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1044), minister Teng Zijing was ostracized and demoted to Yuezhou, so he rebuilt the Yueyang Tower. After it was completed, Teng Zijing asked Fan Zhongyan, a famous official and great writer at the time, to write a popular "Yueyang Tower".
2. Related verses
Be worried about the world’s worries first, and be happy after the world’s happiness. ——Fan Zhongyan of the Song Dynasty, "Yueyang Tower" (Worry before the world is worried, and be happy after the world is happy.)
Wu Chu is southeast of Wu and Chu, and the universe floats day and night. ——"Climbing the Yueyang Tower" by Du Fu in the Tang Dynasty (The vast lake tore Wu and Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.)
Extended information
Three Famous Towers The overall appearance
1. Tengwang Pavilion
The main building of Tengwang Pavilion has a net height of 57.5 meters and a construction area of ??13,000 square meters. The lower part is a 12-meter-high pedestal symbolizing the ancient city wall, which is divided into two levels. The main pavilion above the pedestal adopts the "three bright and seven dark" format, that is, it looks like a three-story building with corridors from the outside, but there are seven floors inside, that is, three bright floors, three dark floors, plus the equipment floor in the roof. The tiles of the new pavilion are all made of blue glazed tiles produced in Yixing.
The Zhengji Owl Kiss is specially made in imitation of the Song Dynasty and is 3.5 meters high. The hooks and dripping water are both specially made. The hooks have the four characters "Tengge Autumn Wind" and the dripping water has the pattern of "lonely duck". Under the pedestal, there are two scoop-shaped artificial lakes connected to the north and south. There is a Jiuqu Wind and Rain Bridge built on the north lake.
2. Yellow Crane Tower
The Yellow Crane Tower is located on the top of the Sheshan Mountain at an altitude of 61.7 meters. It is designed based on the "Tongzhi Tower" of the Qing Dynasty. The trains of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway pass downstairs. Whistling by. The building is 5 stories high, with a total height of 51.4 meters and a construction area of ??3219 square meters. The interior of the Yellow Crane Tower is supported by 72 columns, and the exterior has 60 tilted corners extending outward. The roof is covered with more than 100,000 yellow glazed tiles.
The exterior of the Yellow Crane Tower has a bronze crane shape, a statue of a pagoda, an archway, a corridor, a pavilion and other auxiliary buildings, which make the main building even more magnificent. There are also buildings such as Baiyun Pavilion, Xiang Pagoda, Stele Corridor, and Mountain Gate surrounding the main building. The entire building has a unique national style, exuding the spirit, temperament and charm of traditional Chinese culture. It complements the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge at the foot of Snake Mountain; you can have a panoramic view of the three towns of Wuhan from the distance.
3. Yueyang Tower
The main building of Yueyang Tower is 19.42 meters high, 14.54 meters deep and 17.42 meters wide. It has three floors, four columns, cornices, helmet top and pure wooden structure.
The four golden nanmu pillars in the building run straight through the roof, and are surrounded by corridors, beams, rafters and purlins that are interlocked with each other to form a whole.
As the only ancient building among the three famous buildings that has maintained its original appearance, Yueyang Tower's unique helmet-top structure reflects the wisdom of the ancient working people and the exquisite design and skills of skilled craftsmen.