According to historical records, in 333 BC, Chu destroyed the state of Yue, established Jinling City, and built a city on the stone mountain by the river. This Jinling City is the first administrative organization in Nanjing. Nanjing's nickname Jinling came from this. In 223 BC, the State of Qin destroyed the State of Chu, and Jinling was changed to Moling County. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan made Moling his capital and renamed Jianye.
In the second year after the capital was established, Sun Quan built a famous stone city on the basis of the original city. At that time, the Yangtze River flowed under Stone Town, so the military position of Stone Town was very prominent, and Sun Wu always regarded it as the most important military base. In the following centuries, it became a military center. In the civil war, the victory or defeat is often decided by taking the stone city.
The origin of Liang Qing's name
Qingliang Mountain is mainly composed of lower Paleozoic limestone, which is located in the western margin of Jingxing Depression. Under the long-term interaction of internal and external stresses, a temperate karst landscape has been formed. After hundreds of millions of years of wind and rain erosion, Qingliang Mountain has both the majestic peaks in the north and the beautiful and steep mountains and rivers in the south. Because of the steep mountains, green trees and beautiful scenery, there are many natural caves on the mountainside, and clear springs often flow. If you stay here in hot summer, you will feel relaxed and relaxed. This is a real summer resort, hence the name "Liang Qing".
The story about Liang Qing Temple.
According to records, in the fourth year of the Tang Dynasty (AD 884), there were temples on the rocky mountain. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, the late master Li Bian expanded Liangqing Avenue here and invited the abbot of Wen Yi Zen Master. As for Wen Yi's Zen master, it is recorded in the Song Dynasty's Collection of Woods and the Ming Dynasty's Qu Ruji's Record of Fingering the Moon: When Wen Yi was the abbot of Liangqing Temple, there was a monk named Taiqin in the temple, who was open-minded and uninhibited and unwilling to abide by the rules and regulations of the temple. Therefore, the monks in the temple looked down on Tai Qin, so they sent him some menial work to sweep the floor and grow vegetables. Once, Master Wen Yi meditated and gave a speech. He asked the monk below, "Who can untie the bell around the tiger's neck?" The monks looked at each other, but no one could answer. It happened that monk Taiqin came, and he replied, "Only those who tie the bell around the tiger's neck can untie it." After listening to this, Wen Yi thought Taiqin could understand the essence of Zen very well, and he was highly valued from then on.
The end of the culture of the Six Dynasties.
After the Tang Dynasty, when literati came to Nanjing, Stone Town was a must. Humanities in the late Tang Dynasty and Lu You, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, all left famous sentences here. In the Ming Dynasty, Liang Qing added another landscape-Chongzheng Academy. Jiao Hong, who studied here, later won the highest prize. He was the first scholar among Nanjing people since the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. Xue Bing said that Jiao Hong lives in Beimenqiao, not far from Liang Qing, where there is another lane called Zhuangyuan Lane.
In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Gong Xian, a painter and poet, built a sweeping leaf building on Liang Qingshan. Gong Xian is known as the head of the "Eight Schools of Jinling", and his arrival has added another chip to the mountain culture of Liang Qing.
Lu You: Climbing the same stone and looking at Xuanhua Ferry and Liyang Mountain in the west, it's really a scenic spot. If the capital will be built in different times, stones will still be the key. Or think that today's capital moves south. Although stones are useless, they are not thoughts. However, since moving south of the city, Qinhuai crossed the city, and the Six Dynasties built fences to stop navigation, which was urgent. However, the natural hazards of the great river, the existence of the capital and the potential of Jintang are better than those of the Six Dynasties. Is it necessary to take pregnancy as a solid evil?
Wen Tingjun:
A hundred feet cliff and three feet grave, mysterious words are absolutely smelly. Dai Hao is called a layman today, and Zhi Dun was a leader in his time. For the time being, it seems to be associated with mountain pine, and occasionally it is because of deer. So when disciple Kong looked back, Cong Ling should have seen Song Yun.
The scenery of Liang Qing
The historical site of Liang Qingshan has three advantages. First of all, there are natural landscape advantages: Qinhuai River outside, Liangqingshan Mountain, Wulongtan Mountain, Sheshan Mountain, Guishan Mountain and Wutai Mountain inside, mountains and rivers blend together, Dongwu has a stone city, Yan Zhenqing stationed in Ma Po, Fangshengchi and Yanlugong Temple in Tang Dynasty, Stone Cool Avenue and Baodajing in South Tang Dynasty, and Liangmen in Ming Dynasty, which is long and compact.
Ruins of academy culture.
It has the advantages of an elite cultural site: there is a Chongzheng Academy on the mountain, which was founded by Inspector Geng during the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Geng's favorite pupil Jiao Lai won the first prize and became a famous scholar. The rebuilt Chongzheng Academy is the masterpiece of architect Yang Tingbao. Gong Xian's Half-acre Garden and Sweeping Leaf House, the first of the "Eight Jinling Families" in Qing Dynasty, are also located in Liang Qing. During the Qianlong period, Yuan Mei was toasted in the poetry circle.
The original intention of water Tsinghua grazing is Liang Qing.
The water is clear, the trees are beautiful, and the water is clear and beautiful.
Suiyuan Yuanmei Grand View Garden
? Yuan Mei (17 16- 1797), a native of Qiantang, Zhejiang, whose real name is Jianzhai. Brilliant since childhood, he entered imperial academy for four years and served as county magistrate in Lishui, Jiangpu and Jiangning. Just in his early 30 s, his career was in full swing, but he resigned and built a garden in Jinling, leading a life of near seclusion. People call him Mr. Suiyuan.
Suiyuan site is located in xiaocangshan district. Xiaocang Mountain is the eastern vein of Liang Qingshan, which is divided into two branches: north and south. Beiling is now the first line of Shanghai Road and Qingdao Road, and Nanling is now Wutai Mountain. The waterway between the two ridges is commonly known as the dry river. When the river is not dry, it is connected with Wulongtan. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, Liang Qing Temple was the summer resort of the monarch in the Southern Tang Dynasty. At that time, the monarch landed in Wulongtan by boat along the dry river and went to Liang Qing.
Researchers have the following views on the relationship between a Dream of Red Mansions and the Grand View Garden:
During the Qianlong period, (his uncle was Cao in-laws) said, "His (Cao Xueqin's) ancestor was Jiangning Zhifu, and its so-called Grand View Garden is now the former site of Suiyuan." He also wrote in his poem, "The Red Mansion in Suiyuan's former site is full of powder dreams."
There are poems about nursing students in A Dream of Red Mansions, including the sentence "Epang Palace, 300 Li, Jinling can't last forever". In the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong (1769), Yuan Mei's good friend Jiang Shiquan left Jinling. Yuan Mei wrote a poem to stop him. The poem said, "There is no room for an urchin in Jinling City, 60 miles away." . This sentence is similar to the poem in A Dream of Red Mansions. It shows that Yuan Mei read A Dream of Red Mansions, and Cao Xueqin died only a few years before he wrote this poem in Yuan Mei.