2. Two Liangzhou Ci Poems (Part One)
The Yellow River is getting farther and farther away, because it flows in the middle of the Yellow River, and Yumenguan is located on a lonely mountain.
Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing!
3. Translation
The Yellow River seems to rush out from the white clouds, and Yumenguan is hanging alone in the mountains.
Why do you want to complain about the late arrival of spring by playing the plaintive "Yangliuqiu" with Qiangdi? It turns out that the spring breeze around Yumenguan can't blow!
Step 4 enjoy
When the poet first arrived in Liangzhou, facing the vast scene of the Yellow River and the border town, he listened to the song "Broken Willow" and wrote this poem, expressing the feelings of the soldiers guarding the border who missed their hometown.
The first two sentences of this poem describe the vast and magnificent scenery in the northwest. The first sentence captures the special feeling of looking at the Yellow River from the bottom (swimming) to the top (swimming) from near and far, and depicts the moving picture of "the Yellow River is far above the white clouds": the surging Yellow River flies to the clouds like a ribbon. Writing is really a leap of thought, and the weather is open. Another famous poem of the poet, "And the Ocean Drains Gold River", is viewed from the opposite angle, from top to bottom; Li Bai's "How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of the Sky" is different from this sentence. Although it is also about looking at the upper reaches, the line of sight is from far to near. "All rivers run into the sea" and "How the water of the Yellow River moves out of the sky" are deliberately exaggerating the style of the Yellow River, showing dynamic beauty. "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds", the direction of which is opposite to that of the river, which is intended to highlight its long-standing leisure state and show a static beauty. At the same time, it shows the vast and magnificent scenery of the border, which is worthy of being a strange sentence throughout the ages.
The second sentence "Isolated City, Wan Ren Mountain" appears as an isolated city on the frontier, which is one of the main images of this poem and belongs to the main part of the "picture scroll". "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds" is its background, and "Wan Ren Mountain" is its near background. Against the background of the mountains in Yuanchuan, it is helpful to see that the city is in a dangerous terrain and lonely situation. "Pian" is an idiom in Tang poetry, which is often associated with "loneliness" (such as "a lonely sail" and "a lonely cloud"). ). Here, it is equivalent to "a seat", but this word has an extra layer of "thin" meaning. A lonely city like Mobei, of course, is not a residential area, but a fortress on the edge, suggesting that readers have husbands in their poems. As a vocabulary of classical poetry, "Lonely City" has a specific meaning. It is often associated with the sadness of leaving people, such as "The sunset in Kuifu ancient city is oblique, and every Beidou Wangjing is in China" (Du Fu's Autumn Prosperity), "Knowing the Han people far away makes Xiao Guan go out and worry about seeing the sunset in the old city" (Wang Wei's Send Wei to Comment on Things) and so on. Firstly, the image of "lonely city" in the second sentence is introduced to prepare for further describing the psychology of husband recruitment in the next two sentences.
"Why do Qiang people complain about willow trees?" In such a desolate environment, I suddenly heard the sound of Qiangdi, and the tune I played happened to be "Folding Willow", which could not help but evoke the homesickness of the soldiers guarding the border. Because "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, the ancients often gave them as souvenirs when they left. There is "Folding Yang Liuzhi" in the Yuefu of the Northern Dynasties: "If you don't catch the whip when you get on the horse, you will fight against Yang Liuzhi. Playing the flute on the bench is for fear of killing travelers. " Mention that pedestrians break willows when they walk. This custom of folding willows to bid farewell was particularly popular in the Tang Dynasty. The soldiers were very sad when listening to sad music, and the poet didn't know how to comfort the soldiers in the frontier. He can only say, why does Qiangdi always play the sad song "Broken Willow"? Spring breeze can't blow at Yumen Pass. Since there is no spring breeze, where can there be a willow to fold? This sentence contains resentment, but it also contains a helpless tone. Homesickness is unbearable, but the responsibility of defending the border is heavier. The phrase "why complain" seems to be relieved, but it also twists and turns to express that kind of complaint, which makes the meaning of the whole poem more profound. The spring breeze here also implies the emperor, because the emperor's care can't reach here, so the soldiers outside Yumenguan are in such a lonely and bad situation. The poet euphemistically expressed the emperor's complaint that he did not care about the life and death of the border soldiers guarding Yumenguan and could not sympathize with them.
The tone of this poem is bleak and tragic. Although full of complaints, but not negative and decadent, showing the broad-minded people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The use of contrast in poetry and prose makes the expression of poetry more tense. The language is euphemistic and accurate, and the expression of thoughts and feelings is just right.