Short Song Teaching Plan (1)
Teaching objectives
1. Knowledge goal: to appreciate and comprehend the poet's thoughts and feelings through images.
2. Ability goal: to improve students' ability to appreciate ancient poetry.
3. Emotional goal: cultivate noble moral sentiments.
Teaching methods of reading and appreciation
The teaching idea is to appreciate "short songs" through reading, analysis and discussion. Worried? And energetic, generous and sad thoughts and feelings.
Multimedia courseware of teaching tools
Specific teaching steps
I. Introduction
Mao Zedong in Qinyuanchun? In Snow, with the momentum of breathing in the clouds, emperors of past dynasties praised it: I cherish Qin Huang's Hanwu, but I am a little literary talent, and I am a little coquettish in the Tang Dynasty. Genghis Khan, the hero of the throne, only knows how to draw a bow and shoot arrows. ? It is true that with Mao Zedong's literary skills, we can really overlook the feudal emperors from such a height. If there is only one person in history who can compare with him, it can only be Cao Cao and Wei Wudi.
Second, about Cao Cao.
Cao Cao, the word Meng De, the small word Zhen. Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms portrays it as? A minister capable of ruling the world, a traitor in troubled times? Peking Opera masks also turned Cao Cao into a white face, which is quite different from the true face of history. In fact, Cao Cao is very clever. There are martial arts outside and literature inside? , has an indelible contribution to the development of history.
As a politician: Cao Cao raised Lian Xiao, served as a commander in the north of Luoyang, and moved to the hills. Later, in the war to suppress the Yellow Scarf Uprising and crusade against Dong Zhuo, the military strength gradually expanded. The first year of Jian 'an (196) welcomed the promise of the Imperial Capital. Since then? Holding the emperor as a minister? . After the battle of Guandu defeated Yuan Shao, a separatist force in Hebei, it became the most powerful warlord in the north and gradually unified the north of China. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, he ascended the position of Prime Minister, led his troops south, and was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei in Chibi. He vigorously reclaimed land and built water conservancy in the north, which solved the problem of insufficient rations and played a certain role in the recovery of agricultural production. Several orders for merit were issued, which broke the convention of taking virtue and family background as the standard of employment at that time and appointed people on their merits. At that time, well-known scribes in all directions were almost all snared.
As a military strategist, he commanded the battle of Guandu in practice, which is a famous example in the history of China. Theoretically, there are books such as A Brief Interpretation of Sun Tzu's Art of War and A Brief Interpretation of Sun Tzu's Art of War.
As a writer, Cao Cao is good at melody and poetry. Even in the pommel horse Lawton, he often writes poems horizontally and puts forward propositions with chapters. To climb to the top, you must compose a new poem and orchestral music. )。 He inherited and carried forward the folk songs of Han Yuefu? Because of what? The tradition of realistic poetry originated from? Write current events with ancient inscriptions? Poetic style, as later generations call it? Record of the end of Han Dynasty? . His poems are rich in content and vigorous and sad in style. Cao Cao's own literary line and writing attitude have played a more specific role in leading and advocating other writers and promoted the prosperity of Jian 'an literature.
Cao Cao sighed: Having children should be like Sun Zhongmou, actually?
Third, overall perception.
Play the relevant clips of Cao Cao chanting "short songs" in the TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Students read poems and communicate.
Fourth, read the text aloud.
Introduction: The theme of this short song is very clear, that is, the author hopes to have a large number of talents for his own use. In his political activities, Cao Cao once strongly emphasized? Is meritorious service the only way? And "Short Song" is actually a song? Song of seeking the sage? It is precisely because of the use of poetry, which contains rich lyric elements, that it can play a unique infectious role.
Solution: How is Cao Cao's mood? Only? Worried? Words can always be tso's mood. ? How to solve your worries? Only Du Kang? . Can Dukang wine really solve Cao Gong's worries? Throughout the short song, good wine did not really relieve Cao Cao's worries, so what kind of worries made this talented politician and strategist? Is it more worry-free to raise a glass to dispel your worries? And then what?
Reading aloud, discussing, communicating and clarifying: an annoyance? Life is short? . Second worry? Can't you ask for work? . Three worries? You didn't finish your work? .
Analyze the structure, analyze the poem: read it in four paragraphs according to the poem.
Decomposition 1 is the song of wine, the geometry of life? For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. Be generous and unforgettable. Du Kang is the only one who can solve the problem.
Doubt: In the book, the author emphasizes that he is very worried. So what's there to worry about? What style (personality)?
? Calling for Song one after another, how many days do we have? For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. ? Sad mood, lamenting the shortness of life and the passage of time; More importantly, the whole poem is full of high emotions and contains the idea of timely efforts. It is closely related to the poet's pursuit of virtue and achievement.
Among these eight poems, which is the most important emotional feature? Worried? Word,? Worried? It needs to be digested with wine. ? Worried? This kind of emotion itself cannot be evaluated, only the objective content of this kind of emotion can be evaluated, that is, why? Worried? . Worrying because of selfishness, decadence and even reaction is a negative emotion; On the contrary, worrying about the purpose of some progress becomes a positive emotion. Looking at the specific historical background, the melancholy expressed by Cao Cao here belongs to the latter and should be properly evaluated in history.
Alert: There is only one life, and we always feel that there is still a lot of time. In fact, life is short, there is no rehearsal in life, and every day is live broadcast. Therefore, we should cherish every day in our lives, create conditions well, seize the present and serve tomorrow.
Break down two green wild peas and put them leisurely in my heart. But for your sake, I've thought it over. A herd of deer, yo, ate mugwort in Ye Yuan. I have a group of good guests, playing the piano and playing the piano.
Doubt: What verses are quoted here? What does it say? What's the technique?
Read aloud, discuss and communicate. Qing: These eight sentences are lingering and profound. ? Qingqing? The second sentence turned out to be the Book of Songs? Zheng Feng? Amethyst, the original poem is about a girl who misses her lover (? Qingqing is your collar, YY is my miss. If I didn't go to see you, didn't you get my letter? Your green collar bothers me deeply. Although I can't come to you, why don't you take the initiative to send me a message? ) Cao Cao quoted this poem and said that he had been reciting it in a low voice, which was really ingenious.
Is this allusion a direct metaphor? Cai Xian? Miss; But more importantly, he omitted two sentences:? If I didn't go to see you, didn't you get my letter? Because Cao Cao can't find those one by one? Cai Xian? So he reminded them in this subtle way:? Even if I didn't come to you, why didn't you come to me? From the meaning of this layer, what is he? If you are thirsty for talent? It's very thoughtful of you. It's really touching. And this touching power embodies the combination of politics and artistic creation.
Then he quoted the Book of Songs? Xiaoya? Four sentences in Luming Literature describe the scene of the host-guest banquet, meaning that as long as you come to me, I will wait for you wholeheartedly? Guest? Ritual. These eight sentences haven't been made clear? If you are thirsty for talent? Because Cao Cao wrote poems and used allusions as metaphors. so this is it？ Gentle and ironic? The expression of (that is, implicit expression).
Analysis of three clear as the moon, when can it be achieved? The troubles come from this and cannot be cut off. The weirder, the more useless. Talk about it? I miss the elegance of the past.
Q: How did this group of poems relate to the previous poems and develop poetry?
Read aloud, think and communicate. Tip: These eight sentences are the focus and care of the above sixteen sentences. The above sixteen sentences mainly have two meanings, that is, worrying about seeking the virtuous and treating the virtuous with courtesy. The first four sentences are about sadness, not the first eight; What about the last four sentences? Cai Xian? Arrive is to look at the last eight sentences. Therefore, the whole poem is more restrained and deep, and the lyrical intensity is strengthened. Judging from the literary theme of the poem, these eight sentences are not simple repetitions, but contain profound meanings (and then various interpretations: when can it be as clear as the moon? )。
The first statement: the bright moon in the sky has been running and will not stop (? Hey? Pass? Drop out of school? ,? What did Le Jin play? Is "Short Song" being written? Drop out of school? Stop); In the same way, my idea of seeking the virtuous will not be cut off. On this point, the author will make it more clear in the following. It is just a connecting link and plays a transitional and buffering role.
The second statement:? As clear as the bright moon, when can I forget it? Literally? When can the bright moon in the sky be picked? Here, a metaphor is used to compare talents to the bright moon, which appropriately expresses the desire of talents to return. And in the case that this has not yet been realized, only? Trouble comes from this and can't be cut off? .
Analysis of the stars in April, blackbirds fly south and turn around the tree three times. What can they rely on? The mountain is not too high, the sea is not too deep, the duke of Zhou vomits, and the world returns to the heart.
Doubt: How to interpret the contents of the first four poems?
Discussion, communication and summary: it is a description of the natural environment. According to legend, this poem was written on the eve of the decisive battle between Cao Cao and Sun Quan. Cao Cao hosted a banquet in honor of the generals by the Yangtze River. In fact, the moon is near noon, which makes the poet be elated. At the same time, it is also a description of the social environment (which can be understood as years of war and people's displacement; It can also be understood that under the situation of tripartite confrontation among the three countries, some talents are hesitant and do not know where to go. It seems that the latter is more suitable.
So Cao Cao circled the tree with black magpies. What can I rely on? Encourage them, don't be half-hearted, be good at choosing branches and live, and come to your side quickly. These four poems vividly describe the situation and mood of the hesitators, but the author not only does not accuse them at all, but reveals his concern and sympathy for these people in his rich poems. It is completely reasonable to attract and fight for talents. And a feeling like this also gives full play to the unique infection effect of poetry.
Question: How do the last four sentences express the main idea?
Analysis hint: The last four sentences make the finishing point, and are bold and clear. I hope all talents will come back to me and understand the theme of this poem. ? Duke Zhou spits? The allusion comes from Biography of Chinese Poetry. According to the duke of Zhou, Son of King Wen, brother of King Wen, uncle of King Cheng; I am also in the world, and I am not a light in the world. However, if you hold your hair three times, vomit three times and feed it three times, you will still be afraid of losing the world. ? This allusion is used here, but it highlights the author's thirst for talents. ? The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep? The second sentence also convincingly shows that the more talents, the better (mountains never tire of soil, so they can become high; The sea never tires of water, so it can become deep; You never tire of scholars, and the world returns to your heart.
Summary: Just like Cao Cao's other poems, such as Good Li Xing, Duijiu, Ku Hanxing, etc. The short story Song Xing is a poem with strong political nature. However, its political content and significance are completely integrated into the rich lyrical artistic conception, and the whole poem accurately and skillfully uses metaphor to achieve the purpose of convincing people with reason and controlling people with emotion. The poet expressed the spirit of keeping pace with the times with a seemingly decadent attitude, expressed his serious thinking about the philosophy of life with the behavior of indulging in singing and dancing, and expressed his anxiety about the world and his desire for talents with mixed scenes.
Short Songs shows us the heroic qualities of Cao Cao as a generation of politicians from another side: he has a loving and polite open mind; He has great ambition to unify the world; He has the enterprising spirit of opening up new fields. Even if he has one? Worried? , is it? Deep worry? But what about his? Worried? Standing at the height of the country, standing at the angle of heroes? Worried? This is by no means something that Dukang wine can dispel.
The artistic expression of this poem mainly includes: deep feelings, graceful and touching; Quoting the Book of Songs into sentences is naturally appropriate. The style is vast and sad.
5. Homework: "Learn to sail" exercise
Sixth, blackboard design
Short Song Teaching Plan (2)
Teaching objectives:
Appreciate "short songs" through reading, analysis and discussion? Worried? Hard work, generous and sad thoughts and feelings; I hope to provide a general example for students to learn ancient poetry (reading familiarity-solving difficult words-understanding thoughts and feelings-reading consolidation).
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
1, realize that Cao Cao's thoughts and feelings are revealed in the poem and understand the main idea of the whole poem.
2. Read it repeatedly, experience the artistic features of this poem, and learn how to appreciate it.
Teaching time:
One class hour
Teaching philosophy:
1, carry out two ideas: reading is the foundation, and try to let students discuss and analyze themselves.
2. The thoughts and feelings of this poem are still obvious, but it is difficult to understand it deeply. To analyze Cao Cao's life, personality and writing background, it is necessary to give students some relevant supplementary reading materials.
3. The whole class teaching is divided into three parts: initial appreciation (familiar with the content), in-depth appreciation (discussing and analyzing one's thoughts and feelings) and consolidated appreciation (reading). The in-depth appreciation part consists of three questions (which sentence in the poem do you feel? Worried? 、? Seeking the virtuous? For what? Who is Cao Cao? )。
teaching process
First, import
Ju Chi Shou
Although the tortoise has a long life, it still has its time.
The snake rides the fog and eventually turns to dust.
The old horse crouches, aiming at thousands of miles;
The martyrs were full of courage in their later years.
The surplus and contraction period is not only in the sky;
Blessings that nourish grace can last forever.
Fortunately, even! Sing with ambition.
This shows that he is a hero with lofty aspirations. It can be said that Cao Cao's achievements are very great. But why do people always give him different opinions? Xu Shaoshi, a famous scholar in Runan at that time? Ah Zeng said, who is Cao Cao? A minister capable of ruling the world, a traitor in troubled times? . On the stage of traditional Chinese opera, Cao Cao was also painted as a white face representing treacherous court officials. In fact, from an objective historical point of view, Cao Cao did make great contributions to history.
Second, the author's brief introduction and background
(1) Introduction to the author
Cao Cao, whose real name was Meng De, was born in Peiguoqiao (now Bozhou, Anhui Province) and was a famous politician, strategist and writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Did he become a politician? There are martial arts outside and literature inside? Knowing people and being good at observing, meritocracy is the move; He is said to be a strategist because he commanded the battle of Guandu and gradually unified the northern part of China; He is said to be a writer because he is the pioneer and organizer of Jian 'an literature. Now that we know that he is a politician, strategist and writer, today, we will look at his ambition and feelings as a politician and strategist from the perspective of a writer.
As a writer, Cao Cao is good at melody and poetry. Even in the pommel horse Lawton, he often writes poems horizontally and puts forward propositions with chapters. His literary achievements are quite high. Together with his sons Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, he became the leader of Jian 'an literary world and created a generation of writing style. His poetic language is simple, his emotions are deep, and his style is desolate and tragic. He is called? Jian' an style? He wrote current affairs with the ancient inscriptions of Yuefu and inherited the folk songs of Yuefu in Han Dynasty? Because of what? The spirit of realism truly reflects the social reality of the unrest in the late Han Dynasty. His poems are rich in content and vigorous and sad in style. There are also "Good" that reflect the sufferings of war and people's livelihood. There are "short songs" that reflect personal political ambitions; There are "Looking at the Sea" and scenery, and there is a lyrical "Although the tortoise lives".
With a broad mind, he gathered many famous literati at that time and concentrated on advocating peace on summer nights, forming a literary group. Cao Cao's own literary line and writing attitude have played a more specific role in leading and advocating other writers and promoted the prosperity of Jian 'an literature.
(2) Solving problems
Let's look at the topic first and learn some basic knowledge. This is a Yuefu poem, which is the name of a tune in Han Yuefu. What Yuefu poems are there? Long song, a short song? Points. Generally speaking, it is based on the length of the syllables of the lyrics. Generally speaking, Long song is passionate and short-paced, and short songs are suitable for expressing inner sadness and anguish. So you can know from the title that the syllables of this poem are very short. Lines are a genre of ancient poetry and can be sung with music. All these can be understood as common sense.
(iii) Relevant background
Thirteen years of Jian 'an, Cao Cao? Holding the emperor as a minister? , successively defeated the strongmen such as Lu Bu and Yuan Shu, wiped out the powerful Yuan Shao forces in one fell swoop in the famous battle of Guandu, and unified the north. This winter, I led 830,000 troops to the Yangtze River. Sun Liu Alliance? Fighting under Chibi, trying to unify the whole country, was defeated. At that time, Cao Cao was already in his fifties. Facing the social reality that the cause of reunifying China was still unfinished after years of war, he was pensive. However, he was not discouraged. He made it his duty to unify the world, determined to recruit talented people, and made great efforts to make contributions, and wrote this short song.
Third, the overall perception of reading familiarity-solving problems
2, text inspiration: reading poetry is actually that each of us interprets poetry with our own emotions, and produces a spiritual sound with the author. Now, please play the role of Cao Cao and write poems horizontally. Now that you are Cao Cao, you have literary talent and military strategy. If you want to dominate the world, how should you read it? Ask students to translate.
3. Is that clear? Worried? And then what? Seeking the virtuous? The ideological and emotional connotation of.
Q: What feelings do you think Cao Cao expressed in this poem? (Worried) What sentences can you tell? What are you worried about? What sentences can you see?
Blackboard writing:
Life is short. Sing to wine, life is geometry! For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. )
Talents are rare (seeking talents for their own use and realizing the ambition of unifying the world). Qingqing? Cut off?
What is the author for? Seeking the virtuous? And then what? Mountains never tire of heights? The world returns to the heart?
If you are thirsty for talents, what you seek is to unify the whole country. )
4. solve it? Worried? And then what? Seeking the virtuous? Unification of problems:
Since it's Cao Cao, then? Worried? And know? Life is short? Why is it not true? Only Du Kang? Well, why bother? But for your sake, you've thought it over so far? , still going? As clear as the bright moon, when can I forget it? What, are you still going? Trouble comes from this and can't be cut off? What, are you still going? Duke Zhou spits? And then what? What should we do? Great cause of reunification? And then what? Not bitter? Because there are many in the world? Enjoy life? Many people are mediocre but more comfortable. (Who is Cao Cao? )
Let the students talk about their understanding of Cao Cao. (It can be an evaluation of Cao Cao, Cao Cao's attitude towards life, or some stories you know about Cao Cao)
Conclusion: Cao Cao is a hero in the world, and "Short Songs" is a heroic and generous elegy.
(blackboard writing: heroic generous elegy)
5. The theme of this poem:
This poem expresses the feeling that time flies and it is difficult to achieve much, and expresses the author's feeling that he is thirsty for talents and can achieve much. Show a strong desire to make contributions and a positive attitude towards life.
6, solve the problem (content, skills, emotion)
1 What do you mean? Calling for Song one after another, how many days do we have? For example, morning dew, how difficult is it to go to Japan? The thoughts and feelings of these four poems?
Expressed the poet's ideal of striving for progress and unremitting pursuit. ? Singing to wine? At first glance, it looks like the negative tone in Nineteen Ancient Poems, but it is quite different. Say it here How long is a person's life span? , not call a person? Eat, drink and be merry? Instead, we should make timely contributions. On the surface, Cao Cao is expressing his personal feelings. He is worried that time will pass too fast and he may not have time to make a difference. In fact, it is cleverly reminding the wise: what is life like? Morning dew? It is easy to disappear. Wise people should cherish time and display their talents in time.
What are the main emotional characteristics of the poets in these four poems? Worried? Word,? Worried? To the point where it needs to be digested with wine. ? Worried? This kind of emotion itself cannot be evaluated, only the objective content of this kind of emotion can be evaluated, that is, why? Worried? .
Worrying because of selfishness and decadence is a negative emotion; On the contrary, worrying about the pursuit of progress is a positive emotion. From the specific historical background, Cao Cao struggled to realize the ambition of reunifying China. This? Worried? It is the pain in the pursuit, the trouble when the lofty ideal is not realized, and a positive emotion.
2 how to understand? The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep. Duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart? The thoughts and feelings of these four poems?
Expressed the author's desire for virtue and courtesy to corporal. ? Duke Zhou spits? The allusion comes from Biography of Chinese Poetry. According to legend, Duke Zhou said: Son of King Wen, brother of King Wen, uncle of King Cheng; I am also in the world, and I am not a light in the world.
However, if you hold your hair three times, vomit three times and feed it three times, you will still be afraid of losing the world. ? In order to receive the people all over the world, Duke Zhou sometimes washed his hair and ate a meal, which was interrupted several times. This legend is of course too exaggerated. However, the allusion used here can better highlight the author's thirst for talents. ? The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep? The second sentence also convincingly shows that the more talents, the better.
7. What are the artistic features of this poem?
(1) Use Bixing skillfully.
? As clear as the bright moon, when can I forget it? A person is called the bright moon, which appropriately expresses the anxiety of a talented person.
? Fly south? In a word, use black magpie as a metaphor for smart people; ? Turn around the tree three times, what branches can you rely on? It is a metaphor for the wise to choose to know the Lord; Wu Que's "Flying South" implies that talented people are still hesitant to choose, and reveals the poet's anxiety that talented people are unwilling to go along with him.
? Mountains never tire of heights? The mountain is high and the sea is deep, which is a metaphor for accepting talents. It is intended to show that poets accept talented people with an open mind, and the more talents, the better.
⑵ Use allusions skillfully.
? Qingqing hippo chef? In two words, the factor "Zheng Fengshi? Ji Zi symbolizes the desire for talents. The original intention is to convey the feelings of love and expectation of women in love. Here, the poet takes poetry as a metaphor and warmly looks forward to the arrival of the wise. Simple and profound, natural and appropriate.
Yo yo Luming Literature, Wild Apple: Expressing the poet's courtesy attitude towards talents.
Duke Zhou spat and took a bite: The author compared himself with Duke Zhou, expressed his sincerity in seeking talents and encouraged himself with corporal Zhou's polite spirit.
(3) Metonymy. Only Du Kang refers to wine by the name of the person who invented it.
Fourth, ideological education.
? Calling for Song one after another, how many days do we have? For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. ? Yes, life is short and youth is fleeting. Cao Cao in troubled times still has a firm belief in making contributions, and we teenagers born in prosperous times should strive to build a brilliant life.
Extracurricular exploration of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
(1) Lu Xun: Cao Cao is a very capable man, at least a hero. ("Wei and Jin demeanor and articles and the relationship between medicine and wine")
(2) What is Xu Shao's evaluation of Cao Cao? A minister capable of ruling the world, a traitor in troubled times? .
(3), MAO "luxury", luxury travel, five sons are in, for the guest and presided over the ceremony. Mao, who doubted his ambition, killed eight people with his sword overnight, and then said sadly: It is better to die than to die! ? Go ahead. Emperor Wuji
The above is some information about Cao Cao. Please evaluate the historical figure Cao Cao with the image of short song poet.