Qi Shang sent Zhao Xianzhou off
We smiled when we met, but wept when we saw each other off.
The ancestral tent has been separated, and the deserted city is full of sorrow.
The weather is cold, the mountains are clear in the distance, and the long river is rushing at dusk.
You are already far away from me, but I hope you are still standing there.
Annotated Translation
Zu San is Zu Yong, a poetic friend of Wang Wei. Wang Wei also wrote a poem "Three Odes to Zu", saying that they have "been friends for twenty years", which shows their friendship. deep. This poem was written when he was demoted to Jeju.
"When we meet, we smile, but when we see each other, we cry." The sentence is as simple as a saying. It writes that two people met and parted again. They were happy for a while, and now they are sad again.
The language of these two sentences is simple and plain, but they contain rich emotions. "Meet each other", "see each other off", "side", and "return" convey the regret of leaving in a hurry. "Returned to tears" on the one hand shows how sincere and deep the friendship is; on the other hand, the short "laughter" contrasts and strengthens the "cry". These two sentences are really good words. The next two sentences are also a farewell, "ancestral tent" means farewell, and "abandoned city" refers to Jeju. These two sentences say: I was so sad when I said goodbye, how could I bear to go into the city alone after saying goodbye to you. "Huangcheng" means border town. Jeju is located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. He called it "Jingeup and the sea are deep" in "Being Expelled from Jeju". Living here naturally gave him a sense of remoteness. His worry about entering the deserted city also implies that he is unwilling to accept this situation. The poem "Three Ode to Ancestors", which was also written in Jeju, says: "The poor and sick son (referring to the ancestors) is deep, and the love (separation, labor) is not shallow." It can be seen that both of them are people who have fallen from the world, so their friendship It seemed extraordinarily profound. "It's cold and the mountains are clear in the distance, and the river is long and fast at dusk." These two sentences describe the environment, as if they were chatting all the way without paying attention to the surrounding environment. At this time, the friend untied the cable and left, only to notice these scenes he was waiting for. These two sentences give people a sense of time. How long has the "ancestral tent" been going on? This scene attracted the author's special attention, and it naturally catered to his mood at this time. It shows that the departure of friends has caused a sense of emptiness and loneliness, and "The Sunset and the River is Urgent" adds to the confusion of the mood. Shen Deqian said, "With these two words, the sentence 'Wang Jun' becomes more and more sad." ("Tang Poems") It is in this context that the poet watched his friend leave, and he was really "sad and ecstatic". "You are far away from the boat", writing about the speed of the ship, but actually complaining about the speed of the ship; "looking at you as you are still standing", a "Ji" shows how persistent he is. There are many such poems, but Wang Wei uses two "Ji" in these two sentences. "Jun" was clearly a conversational tone, as if he was silently talking to his friend in his heart at this time.
This poem's description of farewell is particularly profound and profound among Wang Wei's similar poems, and its language expression is very natural and simple. The description of the two sentences "Cold weather" also seems to be an inadvertent touch. , Wang Wenru commented: "Without color but with far-away ideas, he is a master of line drawing in painting." (Reading Commentary on Poems of the Past Dynasties) This is really "the light ones are often deep" (Sikong Tuyu). [1]
Poetry Appreciation
You are far away from me, but I still stand looking at you. (1) ① Use scenery to express emotions, and use desolate scenes such as deserted cities, cold weather, pure mountains, dusk, and long rivers to convey the author's sentimental feelings; ② Express his heart directly, and the jawline couplet directly points out the emotions of "sad separation" and "sorrow"; ③ Detailed descriptions (action descriptions), using the details of standing by the river, show the author's reluctance to leave his friends.
The author's emotions have gone through several stages: the joy of meeting, the sorrow of separation, and the melancholy after separation.
This poem was written when he was demoted to Jeju. "When we meet, we smile, and when we see each other, we cry." The sentence is as simple as a saying. It writes that the two met and parted again. They were happy for a while, and now they are sad again. The language of these two sentences is simple and plain, but they contain rich emotions. "Meet each other", "see each other off", "side", and "return" convey the regret of leaving in a hurry. "Returned to tears" on the one hand shows how sincere and deep the friendship is; on the other hand, the short "laughter" contrasts and strengthens the "cry". These two sentences are really good words. The next two sentences are also a farewell, "ancestral tent" means farewell, and "abandoned city" refers to Jeju. I was so sad when I said goodbye with these two sentences, how could I bear to go into the city alone after saying goodbye to you. "Huangcheng" means border town. Jeju is located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. When he was exiled from Jeju, he called it "Jingeup and the sea are deep". Living here naturally gave him a sense of remoteness. His worry about entering the deserted city also implies that he is unwilling to accept this situation. The poem "Three Odes to the Ancestors", which was also written in Jeju, writes, "A poor and sick person refers to his ancestors who are deeply connected, separated from each other, and have a lot of hard work." It can be seen that both of them are people who have fallen far away from home, so their friendship is particularly deep. "It's cold and the mountains are clear in the distance, and the river is long and fast at dusk." These two sentences describe the environment, as if they were chatting all the way without paying attention to the surrounding environment. At this time, the friend got off the cable and left, only to notice these scenes he was waiting for. These two sentences give people a sense of time. How long has the "ancestral tent" been going on? This scene attracted the author's special attention, and it naturally catered to his mood at this time. It shows that the departure of friends has caused a sense of emptiness and loneliness, and "The Sunset and the River is Urgent" adds to the confusion of the mood. Shen Deqian said, "With these two words, I feel more and more sad after the sentence 'Wang Jun'." It was in this context that the poets of the Tang poetry genre watched their friends leave, and they were really "sad and ecstatic".
"You are already far away from the boat", writing about the speed of the ship, but actually complaining about the speed of the ship; "Looking at you, you are still standing", the "you" shows how persistent he is. There are many such poems, but Wang Wei uses two " "Jun" was clearly a conversational tone, as if he was silently talking to his friend in his heart at this time. This poem's description of farewell is particularly profound and profound among Wang Wei's similar poems, and its language expression is very natural and simple. The description of the two sentences "Tian Han" also seems to be an inadvertent touch. Wang Wenru commented that "it is not possible to The color and the meaning come from afar, and he is a master of line drawing in paintings." This is a quote from Sikong's illustrations in the Commentary on Poetry of the Past Dynasties.
In the last sentence "Looking at you, you are still standing", which one is better? Or is it better to be "empty"?
(1) The word "Jew" is good. The boat passed away, but the author still stood where he was, watching his friend go away.
The word "Jew" focuses on the long standing time and the author's subjective unwillingness to leave, which expresses the deep feeling of reluctance.
(2) The word "empty" is good. The word "empty" indicates that the friend's lonely boat has disappeared from the field of vision, and the author is facing the boundless sky and water.
The word "empty" focuses on showing the author's dejected look, and more strongly conveys the author's melancholy and loss at the departure of his friend.
The impact on future generations
We saw each other again and felt sad and sad. Although the two sentences "meet each other" are understated, I feel that the deep and affectionate feelings come to my face. Then the poet uses the two sentences "Tianhan" to describe the scenery, paving the way for lyricism, echoing the conclusion, making the feeling of sadness after farewell linger in the heart.
In Wang Wei's poems, he borrows scenes to express emotions and uses scenes to set off emotions, which makes his descriptions of scenes full of aftertaste and expressive in his expressions. For example, "Send off Li's Supplements to Lingaotai": "Send off to Lingaotai, how far away is the Sichuan Plain? Birds are flying at dusk, and travelers are leaving." There is no emotion in writing about separation, but only a copy of the scenery. "Send Yang Changshi to Guozhou": "The bird travels a thousand miles, and the ape crows at twelve o'clock." It is both a scene language and a love sentence, integrating the desolate scenery of the road with the desolate feeling of the traveler, natural and Subtle and profound. [2]
About the author
Wang Wei was born in 701 AD, named Mojie, Han nationality, his ancestral home is Qixian County, Shanxi Province, and a poet of the Tang Dynasty, nicknamed "Poetry Buddha". In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (721), he became a Jinshi and served as Prime Minister Tai Le. There are more than 400 poems in existence today. Wang Wei is proficient in Buddhism. Buddhism has a "Vimalakīrti Sutra", which is a book in which Vimalakirti teaches his disciples. This is the origin of Wang Wei's name. Wang Wei is famous for his poetry, calligraphy and painting, and is very versatile. Music is also very proficient. He is greatly influenced by Zen Buddhism.
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