As the name implies, the structure of roller icebreaker is different from that of impact icebreaker. The bow of the roller icebreaker has a sharp acute angle, which makes the bow rise high by power, and then falls quickly under the action of gravity of the bow, cutting and crushing the ice through the acute angle at the bottom of the bow. Like this kind of roller icebreaker, the way of moving forward is a bit similar to that of breaststroke athletes, breaking the ice by pressing the ice at the bow. Its working principle is not so complicated, that is, it makes the bow jump high by power, and then exerts great pressure on the ice surface with the sharp angle at the bottom, because the sea water is under the ice surface, and the weight of the bow can easily smash the ice surface. So as to achieve the effect of breaking ice.
Collision with an icebreaker is barbaric. The bows of these icebreakers are all heavily armored, and their sailing methods are different from those of roller icebreakers. It relies entirely on powerful forces to break the ice. When there is ice ahead, the collision icebreaker will directly run at full power, because the bow is reinforced to form a sharp acute angle, which will directly chop or break the ice and ice. If the collision icebreaker encounters thick ice, it can reverse the car and then collide repeatedly until the ice is smashed.
In addition, some icebreakers have both abilities. When the ice layer is thin, the collision mode is adopted, and when the ice layer is slightly thick, the rolling mode is adopted. Take the north pole as an example. If you sail in the outer circle of the North Pole, because the ice is thin, you will directly hit it with an icebreaker. However, if you enter the Arctic Circle, the thickness of ice may exceed 1 meter. At this time, you need to use the scrolling mode to move forward. In addition to exploring the Arctic, this kind of ship is mostly used for sea rescue and rescue of frozen ordinary ships. Ordinary ships can't escape without the help of icebreakers.
If explained by scientific knowledge, both impact icebreakers and roller icebreakers use the power, weight, inertia and cutting force of the hull itself to break the ice. Chop if you can, smash if you can't, and collide and roll if you can't, and finally achieve the goal of breaking the ice.