Su Dongpo’s Wutai Poetry Case (1): Two Deathly Poems (2006-04-19 22:02:38) Category: Boating in the Sea of ??Poems Part 1: The Holy Lord is like the spring of heaven and all things, and the ministers Stupidity and darkness perish on their own. It is even more tiring to pay off the debt before a hundred years are completed, and to have ten people without a home. The green hills here can hide bones, and the rain at night only hurts my soul. We are brothers with you in this life, and we have an unfinished relationship with you in the next life. Second: The frosty night on Baitai is miserable, the wind is blowing and the moon is sinking low. Dreaming about cloud mountains, my heart is like a deer, my soul is like a chicken, and my life is like a chicken. The rhinoceros horn in his forehead is really my son, and the cow clothes behind him make me ashamed of my old wife. Where is the destination for a hundred-year-old wandering mind? Tongxiang should be in the west of Zhejiang. After Dongpo was imprisoned for the Wutai Shi case, he made a secret agreement with his son Su Mai (collusion!): If the case is dangerous and his life is in danger, he will give a fish with the meal; if the case goes normally, he will give other ordinary dishes. Su Mai delivered meals to the prison as promised, and Dongpo never ate any fish. He only ate some Sichuan dishes that Meishan people like to eat (mainly me!) such as Mapo tofu and Dongpo pork elbow. Today, I felt a little relieved for him for a few days. Suddenly one day the food arrived. Dongpo opened the food box and saw that it was a piece of sizzling seabass (or pomfret)! Dongpo was frightened out of his wits. In desperation, Dongpo left the above two desperate poems and arranged for the guards to deliver them to his younger brother Su Zhe. Unexpectedly, after two days of worry and worry, nothing major happened. My son brought fish-flavored shredded pork again. After asking quietly, I found out that my son had gone out two days ago and had entrusted a relative with the cooking and delivery. However, he forgot to tell the relative about the fish agreement. As a result, Su Wenhao gave a false alarm. This is what my son did!). This false alarm led to the production of two fatal poems. It should be considered a legend in the literary world, right? No! The Wutai case was a famous literary prison in the Song Dynasty. It was a dark scene in the literary world. What a good story! When Su Dongpo was the Minister of Rites in the imperial court, before he was demoted, one day he went to Wang Anshi's study, Wuzhai, to find Wang Anshi. When the king was not there, he saw a poem on the table in Wuzhai with only two sentences unfinished. The poem - "The bright moon barks on the branches, and the yellow dog lies in the heart of the flower." Su Dongpo looked at it again and again, and he wondered, how could the bright moon bark on the branches? How can a yellow dog lie on the flower heart? Thought it was inappropriate. So he changed his pen and changed the poem to "The bright moon shines in the sky, and the yellow dog lies in the shade of the flowers." After Wang Anshi came back, he was extremely dissatisfied with Su Shi's modification of his poem, so he was demoted to Hepu. After Su Dongpo arrived in Hepu, he went out for a walk one day and saw a group of children gathered in front of a bunch of flowers and shouted: "Yellow dog Luo Luo, black dog Luo Luo, come out quickly? Luo Luo Luo, Luo Luo Luo." Su Dongpo Out of curiosity, I walked over and asked the child what he was shouting. The child said, "Let's tell the bug to come out quickly so we can catch it." Su Dongpo walked closer to the flower and saw several small yellow and black insects as big as sesame seeds squirming in the stamens. He asked the child again what kind of insect this was? The child said: yellow dog worm, black dog worm. Su Dongpo left the flowers and came to the foot of a banyan tree. When he heard a crisp bird call on the tree, he asked others, what kind of bird call was this? Someone else replied: This is called the Moon Bird. At this moment, Su Dongpo suddenly realized that he had wrongly corrected Wang Anshi's poem. However, later generations commented that as a prime minister, Wang Anshi was too narrow-minded. Although he understood local customs and people, he should not have set up the "Wutai Poetry Case" and dismissed Su Shi just because Su Shi mistakenly changed two lines of his poems. He was sent to prison and then sent to other people at will. Doing so is no different from engaging in "literary inquisition". In fact, from a historical point of view, Wang Anshi punished Su Dongpo and wrongly changed two lines of his poems. This was only a secondary reason on the surface. In fact, the main reason was Su Shi's political opposition to Wang Anshi's reform. For this reason, Su Shi was demoted several times.
In the second year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1079), Su Shi was demoted to Huzhou. The reason for the derogatory tone was that he did not agree with Wang Anshi's new law. When he was transferred, Su Shi expressed his gratitude to Song Shenzong as usual. It was originally an official document, but he knew that it was the censors of the New Party who had manipulated him into being released, so he couldn't hold back the resentment in his heart, and he couldn't help but write a slightly grumbling "Knowing that he was born in vain" At that time, it is difficult to follow the newcomers; if they are old and peaceful, they may be able to shepherd the small people." At that time, the political enemies in the DPRK, Zhang Dun, Cai Que and others, took this opportunity to accuse Su Shi of mocking the imperial court in the name of "thank you", being arrogant, venting his dissatisfaction with the "new law", and requested that he be severely punished. Censor Li Ding, He Zhengchen, Shu Yu and others cited Su Shi's "Hangzhou Chronicle Poems" as evidence, saying that he "played with the imperial court and ridiculed national affairs", and even found individual sentences from his other poems and quoted them out of context. To convict people, such as: "Reading thousands of books without reading the laws will lead to Jun Yao and Shun knowing no skills." Originally, Su Shi said that he had not read the books thoroughly, so he could not help the emperor to become a saint like Yao and Shun. However, they pointed out that he was mocking the emperor for his inability to teach and supervise the officials; another example is "If someone knows his mind in the East China Sea, he should teach and rebuke him." Turning into a mulberry field", he said that he was criticizing the measure of building water conservancy projects as wrong. In fact, Su Shi himself was building a water conservancy project in Hangzhou. How could he think it was wrong? Another example is "Is it because I have heard about Shao and forgot to understand the taste? In the past three months, there has been no salt in food." It is said that he was mocking the prohibition of people selling salt. In short, it was determined that he dared to ridicule the emperor and the prime minister, which was a heinous crime and should be sentenced to death. So the imperial court removed Su Shi from his post, arrested him, imprisoned him, and escorted him to the capital for interrogation at Yushitai. At this time, Shen Kuo also came out to report that Su Shi's poems were meant to ridicule the government. Zhang Dun and others used Su Shi's poems as evidence (the verses that made Su Shi unlucky were two lines praising juniper trees: "The root reaches the nine springs without music.") , only the stinging dragon knows in the world.
"These two lines of poems have been accused of hiding the emperor: "The emperor is like a flying dragon in the sky, but Su Shi looks for the stinging dragon under the nine springs. There is no better way to be unworthy than this! ") accused him of "treason" and wanted to kill him. A major case involving thirty-nine relatives and friends of Su Shi and more than a hundred poems shocked the government and the public because of Shen Kuo's informant. This is the famous "Wutai Poetry Case" .
After Su Shi was imprisoned, his life and death were uncertain. While waiting for the final sentence, his son Su Mai went to the prison to deliver meals to him every day. Since the father and son could not see each other, they made a secret appointment early in the day. Only vegetables and meat were sent, and if there was bad news about the death sentence, fish would be sent instead, so that he could be prepared in advance. One day, Su Mai ran out of money and needed to go out of the capital to borrow it, so he entrusted a friend to send food to Su Shi. He did it for him, but he forgot to tell his friend what he had secretly agreed to do. It happened that the friend sent Su Shi a smoked fish when delivering food that day. Su Shi was shocked when he saw it. He wrote two farewell poems, one of which is: "The Holy Lord is like the spring of all things in the sky, but the humble ministers perish themselves in ignorance. It is even more tiring to pay off the debt before a hundred years are completed, and to have ten people without a home. The green mountains here can hide bones, but the heavy rain only hurts the soul. We are brothers with you in this life, and we have an unfinished relationship with you in the next life. "Second: "The frosty night in Baitai is miserable, the wind is blowing and the moon is sinking low. Dreaming about cloud mountains, my heart is like a deer, my soul is like a chicken, and my life is like a chicken. A true gentleman has a rhinoceros horn in his forehead, but behind him he is ashamed of his old wife. Where is the destination for a hundred-year-old wandering mind? Tongxiang should be in the west of Zhejiang. "After the poem was completed, the jailer followed the rules and submitted the poem to Emperor Shenzong. Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty appreciated Su Shi's talent and had no intention of executing him. He just wanted to use this to frustrate Su Shi's spirit. Read these two poems by Su Shi Although he was moved by the poem, he could not help but be impressed by such talent. In addition, many people in the dynasty interceded for Su Shi. Wang Anshi also advised Shenzong that it was not appropriate to punish famous people in the Holy Dynasty, so Shenzong ordered that Su Shi be given a lighter sentence and be demoted to Huangzhou. Deputy envoy of Tuanlian. The sensational "Wutai Poetry Case" was settled, and Su Shi's two "deadly poems" became widely circulated.