Huang Tingjian, named Lu Zhi, was a Taoist priest and calligrapher in the valley during the Northern Song Dynasty. He studied under Su Shi, and was called "Four Bachelor of Su Men" together with Qin Guan, Zhang Lei and Chao Bu. His literary achievements are the highest in poetry. He is the founder and leader of Jiangxi Poetry School, as well as Su Shi, known as "Su Huang". His style is famous for being thin, strong and tall, but his answers to teachers, friends and brothers are profound and personable.
The poem Farewell to Southern Guizhou in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, which I want to share with you, is a gift work by Huang Tingjian for his brother Huang Dalin. Born two years younger (1095), Huang Tingjian was demoted to Fuzhou and placed in Guizhou for the crime of "making false history", and his brothers Huang Dalin and Wanli sent him away. After separation, Huang Tingjian wrote this seven-character poem. The whole poem is sincere and touching, and the brotherhood is written to the extreme. Let's take a concrete look at Huang Tingjian's Farewell to Qiannan in Yuan and Ming Dynasties:
Hearing this, Wanli forgot to go against the brigade, and three drops of clear tears fell from him. Dream of climbing into the sky in the past, when the night rain will cool the couch. The sharp snow ridge makes the picture harmonious, and the geese can't do it. I often look back when I return to heaven, and comfort my heart with regular books from now on.
In the first pair of couplets, "Wan Li forgot to go against the journey, and three clear tears fell from him", which means that Huang Tingjian and his brother left home in a remote place in Qianzhou, Wan Li, as if they had forgotten life in adversity, and the sadness of ape singing made them shed sad tears. "Wan Li" refers to the sending of brothers described by Huang Tingjian in "The Wall Book of Pingxiang County", which mainly refers to a long journey. "Sanqing Tears" is quoted from the ancient Yuefu's "Badong Three Gorges Song": "The Wuxia Gorge in Badong Three Gorges is long, and the apes sing three tears and touch their clothes".
As can be seen from the first two sentences of the poem, Huang Tingjian describes the pain of parting positively. Not far from Wan Li, my brother came to the place where Huang Tingjian was relegated, which made him temporarily forget the fact that he was in a foreign land. However, the sad ape singing brought him back to reality, and he realized that he would be far apart, so he shed touching tears. The use of allusions makes emotions more full. Even the first 14 words touched countless people.
Zhuan Xu's dream of going to heaven in those days, when will the night rain cool the couch? In other words, recalling the dream of the goddess Chu in the morning, he couldn't help but feel that his dream of going to heaven was shattered. When can I lie in bed with my brother and accompany each other in the face of the intermittent night rain? The story of Chaoyun comes from Song Yu's Gao Xu. Rain at Night is based on the poems of Wei and Su Shi. I plan to meet and retire in order to enjoy my family. Therefore, these two poems express Huang Tingjian's thought of seeking comfort in seclusion after being hit politically.
Necklace couplets "Sharp snow mountains set each other off, geese can't do it", through the description and comparison of scenery, further expressed the deep brotherhood. It means that in a snowstorm, you can't leave without seeing the snipe. Hongyan was separated from the lost team in the storm and could not fly. The previous sentence is about brothers' sufferings and * * *, which is a true portrayal of brotherhood. The last sentence is that the situation is sinister and the brothers are separated. The contrast is sharp, touching and touching, especially touching.
The couplet "always look back when returning to the boat, and comfort my heart from now on" is to write that my brother misses me from the other side. In other words, I think when you return to Zhou Zhou, you will always look back at your parting direction. Since then, you have often written to comfort me. This kind of writing is undoubtedly deeper and more affectionate than writing your own lovesickness. For example, Wang Wei's famous sentence "If you know where your brothers are crawling from a distance, you will find one person missing from the dogwood" is written in this way.
Looking at this poem by Huang Tingjian, although there are many allusions, there is no trace to be found. On the contrary, it makes the emotion of this poem more profound and lasting, and it is memorable after reading it. Generally speaking, Huang Tingjian's poem touched countless people from the beginning and wrote brotherhood to the extreme.