Victor? Hugo) (L802? 1885) is the greatest writer in history and one of the leaders of French romanticism in French literature. His life almost spanned the whole19th century, and his literary career lasted for 60 years, with lasting creativity. His romance novels are wonderful, moving and eloquent, and readers have permanent charm.
Hugo was born in the south of France and Besancon was in 1802. Grandpa is a carpenter. His father is a member of the army of the Republic of China. He is Napoleon's brother, King Joseph of Spain. Bonaparte generally awarded titles to ministers close to the king of the country.
Hugo was gifted and intelligent. At the age of 9 10, he began to write poems, went back to Paris to study and graduated from high school. When he was in college, his interest was writing in the French Academy. 15 was awarded the prize of "Like Reading" by the French Academy of Sciences, 17 was awarded the first prize in the Flower Poetry Competition, and at the age of 20, he was awarded a collection of poems "Ode to Poetry", "Singing", the restoration of Bourbon Dynasty and Louis Stanislas Xavier's writing of a large number of exotic poems. After Bourbon and July, he was disappointed and became a pacifist? He also wrote many plays and movie plays. Write many distinctive novels and carry out their ideas.
1827, Hugo's play, Cromwell and its preface. The script cannot be executed, but the preface of the article is considered as a declaration of French romanticism and a milestone in the history of literature. It promoted the development of French romantic literature and played an important role.
1830, Hugo's drama "Europe, Nepal's" was staged in a French hospital, which had a great influence and established the leading position of romanticism in French literature.
The story of "Europe, Nepal" took place in16th century, when Spanish nobles plundered Europe and Nepal rebelled against the king. Hugo praised the robber's chivalry and aristocratic temperament, showing a strong anti-feudal tendency.
1in July, 830, the French revolution in July doubled the feudal restoration dynasty. Hugo enthusiastically praised the revolution, praised the revolutionaries, and wrote poems to mourn the heroes who gave their precious lives in the streets.
183 1 published by Notre Dame de Paris is Hugo's most romantic novel. The plot of the novel is tortuous, intense, vivid, unpredictable, dramatic and legendary.
The story happened in the Middle Ages. On April Fool's Day, wandering gypsy artists sang and danced in the square, and the man who attracted passers-by was Esmeralda. In A Gypsy Woman's Day, she is also a beautiful dancer.
At this time, Claude, deputy bishop of Notre Dame de Paris? Floro suddenly fell in love with the beautiful Esmeralda fans, and his desire burned like fire. So he ordered the church bell ringer, and the ugly fake play Modo Esmeralda was looted. French captain Kim's archery saved Esmeralda from taking more fake scenes, flogging his bell ringer in Missouri and planting gypsy women to forget the feud, instead of pretending to drink more bottled water.
The bell ringer is ugly, but pure in heart, and Esmeralda, whom he is very grateful to, also falls in love with her. Out of jealousy, innocent Esmeralda Fabi fell in love at first sight. On two dates, floro quietly followed us. He stabbed Fabi and ran away. Hermes Rada was sentenced to death for murder. The fake play Modo Esmeralda was snatched from the gallows and hidden in Notre Dame de Paris. Floro took the opportunity to threaten the gypsy girl to satisfy his desire. After being rejected, she came, and Wang Jun and the innocent girl were hanged. Don't be angry. Floro knocked down the church and died. He hugged Esmeralda's body and died.
Hugo's novels strongly show his hatred for the feudal government and the church, which also reflects his deep sympathy for the lower classes.
After the July Revolution, France was founded by the financier Louis? The "July Dynasty" ruled by Philip's bourgeoisie. In July, the imperial system kept pulling Hugo's rope, and Hugo was elected as a French academician on 184 1. 1845, when Louis Philippe made him a French aristocrat in the Qing Dynasty, he was a member of the British House of Lords. The passion of struggle weakened Hugo's creation. 1843, he wrote a mysterious play "Garrison", which was booed by the audience and failed. Hugo was silent for nearly 10 years without any written form.
1848, People's Paris held a revolution, overthrew the July Dynasty and established a republic. I didn't understand Hugo's revolution at first, but when the big bourgeoisie plotted to destroy the Republic, Hugo had become a staunch pacifist? . 185 1 1 February, louis bonaparte staged a coup, and Hugo * * * and the party organization took part in an uprising against the coup. During the establishment of the Second Empire after louis bonaparte came to power, he pursued a policy of terror and cruelty to suppress the rebels. Hugo was also persecuted and forced into exile.
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During his exile, Hugo persisted in his struggle with Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte. He wrote a political satire pamphlet, satirizing and attacking Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte's dictatorship. During this period, he published a novel? Miserable world, sea laborers and smiling people.
Les Miserables is victor hugo's masterpiece. The plot of the novel is roughly like this: Jean Valjean, a poor worker and peasant, once saw several children's sisters crying with hunger. Later, he was caught stealing bread and was sentenced to five years in prison. He escaped several times, was caught in 14 and sentenced to long-term imprisonment, and finally sat on a piece of bread in 19. After he got out of prison, Jean Valjean was attacked everywhere, with no job and no food. He vowed to take revenge on society. Then Miriam, a bishop, influenced him, and he was determined to do good and accumulate virtue. He is a very nice person.
He changed his name to Madeleine and made a fortune in a factory in a city. He provides jobs for the poor, gives them food and houses. He is ready to help others everywhere. At this time, a girl named Shan came to the city where the citizen was elected mayor. She was originally a country girl who went to work in the city and was cheated into giving birth to a daughter. Her daughter Cosette built a hotel owner's house, and the owner was a villain. Shan was forced to sell her beautiful hair and teeth. At this time, the police Javert was looking for Jean Valjean, a convict who had been missing for many years. In madelin, he caught a poor worker, Jean Valjean, and prepared to put him in prison to save innocent workers. Jean Valjean stepped forward and voluntarily admitted his identity, but he also managed to escape through police and prison.
Ten years after Jean Valjean first discovered it, she hid in a secluded monastery. Cosette has grown into a beautiful young lady. She and a party member Marius loved Paris. 1832, the uprising led by the party broke out and was brutally suppressed by the July dynasty. Marius was seriously injured, and Jean Valjean risked his life to save the sewer. At this time Javert sneaked into the rebel team for reconnaissance, was arrested, was sentenced to death, executed the order, and Javert filmed it. Jean Valjean puzzled Javert and put it to the vote. Javert almost contained the noble character of Jean Valjean before committing suicide by jumping into the river in shame.
Cosette married Marius, a very happy young man, Jean Valjean, who died in Cosette's arms on a lonely day.
Les Miserables exposes the sharp contradictions in capitalist society, the gap between the rich and the poor, the tragic fate of the lower classes, and three urgent problems in our society at that time: "poor and hungry women degenerate, and darkness makes children weak", and attacks the hypocrisy of bourgeois laws. It fully reflects the social and political life of France in the first half of the19th century, so the novel is welcomed by people all over the world. In the 20th century, it was also adapted into a film for many times, which also attracted many audiences.
1870 The Franco-Prussian War broke out. After the defeat of the French car, the Prussian army approached Paris. At this critical moment of national peril, Hugo lived in exile after returning to China 19 years. He made speeches everywhere, calling on the French to rise up against the German invaders and defend the motherland. He also bought two guns, his books and awards, recited poems and showed his lofty patriotism.
When the Paris Commune uprising, Hugo didn't understand the revolution, but after the failure, the crazy reactionary government suppressed the commune, and the members of the commune angrily condemned Hugo and the cruelty of the reactionaries. He called for the pardon of all commune members, who can own their own houses. The asylum in Brussels, Belgium, was reported in the newspapers. To this end, his home was attacked by a group of reactionary thugs, and he almost died, but he still held his ground.
1885, Hugo died. The French people held a state funeral for a great poet. The body was buried in a special pantheon, where great men were buried.
Nobel Prize in Literature was first awarded in 190 1 year, but Hugo died in 1885. Despite his literary achievements, he missed the Nobel Prize.
[say]
The vastest ocean in the world, the sky is wider than the ocean, and the human mind is wider than the sky.
Two kinds of people: the future will belong to people's thinking and labor. In fact, these two kinds of people are one person, because of our thinking and labor.
There is absolutely correct humanism and absolutely correct revolution.
Wisdom has three buttons, an open number, an open letter and an open explanation. Knowledge, thoughts and fantasies are all in it.
What the world lacks is willpower, not air force.
The price of boldness and the progress made. .
You should trust his life. annoying
On the Art Avenue, this is a very good thing. Ordinary people are looking for exceptions, and only the strong-willed will be discouraged.
Whoever idles away his time and loses his youth will give them up in his service life.
Laughing sunshine keeps people away from the cold winter.
H. it is better to refuse calmly than reluctantly.
People who release infinite light and create infinite darkness.
Books are the soul created by tools.
People, for the sake of living material, can talk about life only if they have ideals.
Where the steps can't reach, the eyes can reach; The spirit can fly where the vision can't reach. & lt
Schools can lower prison buildings.
Life is a smile on your face. BR/>； Ears, hearing the voice of God, and the devil hearing voices.
I prefer to rely on my own strength to open my future, rather than seek the favor of powerful people. BR/>； Hunger is the first ignorance of mankind.
activity
1802 was born in the eastern French city of Besancon.
Winnie the Pooh, a romantic poet founded in 18 19, is conservative in literature for two weeks. The first poem published in a magazine
1822 "Poems, Odes and Miscellaneous Poems"? The first book. Edna got married in St. Subis Cathedral.
1825 was awarded the medal of honor to attend the coronation ceremony of Charles X.
1827, Cromwell and the famous romantic manifesto became the leaders of the romantic movement.
183 1 year, he completed the novel Notre Dame de Paris (hunchback of notre dame), a masterpiece of romantic literature.
184 1 was elected as an academician of the French academy of sciences and publicly expressed his support for constitutional monarchy.
1843 After the failure of the screenplay LES Burgraves and the unexpected death of his daughter, Lebotin stopped his new job and turned to politics.
1845 Count Hugo who joined this noble mark.
The milestone was established on 1848.
1850, Langwan, Paris, Hugo who escaped was arrested and imprisoned.
185 1 year, louis bonaparte coup declared monarchy and Hugo was forced into exile.
1862 The publication of Punishment Collection, 1853 A collection of poems full of satirical politics. Published the immortal classic social novel Les Miserables.
Hugo's wife Edna died in 1868.
1870 The third harmonious government was established, and 19 ended his exile and returned to Paris.
The National Assembly was elected in 187 1.
1876 was elected senator Hugo.
1883
122, 885, he died in Paris. 1 June, Hugo Victory School was put in a coffin for people to pay tribute to, and the third volume of Legend of the Century was completed. Buried in a cemetery in Paris.
[works]
1827: Cromwell (screenplay)
1829: Poem of Oriental
1830: Ernie plays this.
183 1: Notre Dame de Paris with a hunchback (novel)
1838: Rubras (screenplay)
Punishment set1853 "(les chatimes) (poem)
1856: meditation (LES meditation) (poem)
1862: Les Miserables (Tears of a Lonely Star) (novel)
1869: Smiling Man (Novel)
1859 turn 1883: "La Legende Hotel siecles", (Poetry)
1874: 2093 "(novel by Wingate Treize)