Qu Yuan (about 340 BC-278 BC), a great patriotic poet in China during the Eastern Zhou and Warring States periods, was a Chinese [1]. Chu [1-2] is a native of Danyang, whose real name is Ping, and the word Yuan, commonly known as Qu Yuan, is the descendant of Qu Xian, the son of Xiong Tong. Qu Yuan wrote many famous patriotic poems in his life. Later, because the king of Chu did not accept his patriotism, his land was destroyed. Full of anxiety and anger, he jumped into the river and committed suicide. So, in order to commemorate him, there is the Dragon Boat Festival in the world. Qu Yuan is one of the greatest romantic poets in China, and also the earliest known famous poet and world cultural celebrity in China.
He initiated the style of "Chu Ci" and the tradition of "vanilla beauty". During the Warring States Period, Chu was born into a noble family, worked as a doctor and was a disciple in charge of internal affairs and foreign affairs. He advocated using talents internally, cultivating statutes, and uniting external forces against Qin. Later, he was exiled to the Yuan and Xiang river basins because he was excluded by the nobles. In 278 BC, General Bai Qi of the State of Qin attacked the capital of Chu in one fell swoop. Qu Yuan, who was concerned about his country and people, committed suicide in Shi Huai on the bank of the Miluo River near Changsha. It is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is the anniversary of his death. He wrote many immortal poems, became the founder of China's ancient romantic poetry, and created a new poetry genre-Chu Ci on the basis of Chu folk songs.
His main works are Li Sao, Nine Chapters and Nine Songs. In his poems, he expressed warm patriotic thoughts and feelings, expressed his love for Chu, and embodied his unremitting pursuit of ideals and the spirit of not regretting his death. The style of "Chu Ci" initiated by him is unique in the history of China literature, and it is also called "coquettish" with the Book of Songs, which has had a positive impact on later poetry creation.
Be in a high position
Biographies of Historical Records of Qu Ping: Qu Yuan's name is Ping, and his surname is Chu. Chu Huaiwang's left disciple. Knowledgeable (knowing, four tones), sensible and chaotic, clever words and colors. When he entered the DPRK, he negotiated with the king about state affairs and gave orders; When you go out, you have to meet guests and deal with princes. Wang is willing to do it. Shangguan doctors are in the same column, competing for favor and hurting ability. Chu Huaiwang made Qu Yuan a constitutional decree, but Qu Ping's draft was undecided.
Ancient and modern scholars have many explanations about Qu Yuan being left-handed in Chu Huaiwang. Now, choose the most important one:
1, Zhang Shoujie said: The left disciple is the official who connects the left and right. Zhang Tang kept the festival "Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records" and said: "The left disciple covers today and so on." However, according to the research of modern scholars such as Chu Binjie and Zhao Kuifu, it is believed that the gleanings of later generations are actually officials who can speak in books and have no real power. The rank of gleaning in the Tang Dynasty is only "from the eight grades", which is not commensurate with Qu Yuan's political activities described in Historical Records. Lu Kanru's Biography of Qu Yuan said: "The picture on the left is the official who took over the left and right, second only to Ling Yin."
2. Lin Geng said: The picture on the left is an official like a teacher. The article "Four Notes on the Left Picture" attached to Lin Geng's Biography of Qu Yuan, after quoting the Records of the Historian that Chun was a close friend of Chu and Ren Zuotu was Lingyin, said: "Zuo Tu is said to be a close friend of the imperial court, so he joined the prince because he is a close friend, and his situation is similar to Jia Yi's Changsha, so Qin also called Huang Xie the gift of the prince."
3. You Guoen said: The picture on the left is your deputy. You Guoen said in Qu Yuan that according to Chu Jiazhi, "King Kao Lie took Zuo Tu as his wife and was named Wu and Chun." Therefore, the position of the left disciple seems to be second only to Lingyin, who has the highest status, and may be Lingyin's deputy.
4. Zhao Kuifu said: The left disciple is a pedestrian. In Qu Yuan and his time, Zhao Kuifu wrote Zuo Tu, Andrew, Pedestrian and Ci Fu. In this article, from the unearthed cultural relics and related materials, he believes that "ACTS" and "sounds" are disyllabic loanwords. At the same time, it quoted Lisao, Jiyuan, Xiangnan Zheng, Tianwen, Feilong, Beizheng, Erya Interpreter, Zheng and Starry Night. The meaning of "levying yin" is the same as that of the so-called "pedestrians" in Central Plains countries, and they all refer to officials in charge of foreign affairs.
5. Tang said: The left disciple is the left disciple. Tang believes that the official positions recorded in the bamboo slips unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi are "left to ascend the earth" and "right to ascend the earth", which is a generic word of the word "sheng" in ancient books. The ancient sound of the word "Sheng" is exactly the same as that of the word "Deng" and can be interchanged. So Zuo Deng Tu is "Left". At the same time, Tang also explained the responsibilities of the "Left Tu", and thought that although the "Left Tu" was in charge of internal affairs and diplomacy, according to the records in the Biography of Qu Yuan, especially the Biography of Chun, their main activities were in diplomacy. For example, several envoys of Qu Yuan and his struggle with Zhang Yi can be confirmed.
6. Nie Shiqiao said: The picture on the left is an official second only to the prime minister. Nie Shiqiao's "On Qu Yuan" said: "Make Yin the Prime Minister, which shows that the left picture is the official second only to the Prime Minister." In Qu Yuan, Zhan Antai thinks: "According to the fact that Chun and Huang Xie later took the left picture as your Yin, we can see that the left picture is a senior official after your Yin (the prime minister)." And said, "Left disciple can be your yin when he is promoted."
7. Yao Xiaoou said: The picture on the left is like a servant. In the article Li Sao, Yao Xiaoou re-recognized Qu Yuan's early experience, and verified that Li Sao's "coming to China by taking the road first" was a trip, which coincided with the following "fear of the downfall of the imperial court". Furthermore, the position of "Zuotu" was researched, and it was considered that "Zuotu" was equivalent to the official position of "Taifu" in later generations. Yao Xiaoou's "servant" is recorded in "servant": "servant, in charge of the king's position, in and out of the king's life. In charge of the rebellion of the princes. " To this end, Yao Xiaoou said: "The position of' Taifu' in Zhou Li is the next doctor. The title is not high, but its position is very important." He also believes that "the position of the left disciple is equivalent to Zhou Li's' servant'".
8. Wang Yijun said: The left disciple is Chu Huaiwang Zuo Situ. Wang Yijun pointed out that Qu Yuan in Sima Qian's Historical Records was sketched by Zuo Situ, a left disciple of Chu Huaiwang, in modern Chinese (No.8, 20 10). According to the relevant records in Biography of Qu Ping, Qu Yuan's duty, that is, to draft a constitutional order to meet guests and deal with princes, is similar to the size of Si Tuleideng stipulated in Zhou. Truman was right, so Stuart was right.