The Three Great Masters of Poetry and Prose in the Early Ming Dynasty refer to the three literati in the early days of the founding of the Ming Dynasty in my country: Song Lian, Liu Ji, and Gao Qi. They are collectively known as the "Three Great Masters of Poetry and Prose in the Early Ming Dynasty" in the history of ancient Chinese literature. ".
Song Lian is the author of "Collected Works of Scholars of the Song Dynasty". Liu Ji's works were compiled by later generations into "Collected Works of Chengyi Bo". Gao Qiwei compiled his own poems "Fu Ming Collection", and later generations compiled it into "The Complete Collection of Gao Taishi" based on his posthumous works.
Extended information:
Three masters of poetry in the early Ming Dynasty:
1. Song Lian
Song Lian, whose first name was Shou and whose courtesy name was Jinglian , named Qianxi, also known as Longmenzi, Xuanzhen Dunsou, etc., Han nationality. His ancestral home is Qianxi, Jinhua, and he later moved to Pujiang, Jinhua. A famous politician, writer, historian and thinker in the early Ming Dynasty.
Together with Gao Qi and Liu Ji, he is known as the "Three Masters of Poetry and Prose in the Early Ming Dynasty", and together with Zhang Yi, Liu Ji and Ye Chen, he is also known as the "Four Masters of Eastern Zhejiang". He was hailed as "the first civil servant of the founding state" by Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, and scholars called him Taishi Gong and Longmen of the Song Dynasty. Song Lian has been sick since he was a child and his family is poor. However, he is smart and studious and is known as a "child prodigy".
He once studied under Wenren Mengji, Wu Lai, Liu Guan, Huang Shu and others. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he resigned from the court and began to practice Taoism and write books. In the early Ming Dynasty, he was hired by Zhu Yuanzhang and was respected as the "Five Classics" teacher, giving lectures to Prince Zhu Biao. In the second year of Hongwu's reign, he was ordered to major in "History of the Yuan Dynasty".
After becoming a Hanlin scholar, he accepted the imperial edicts and made imperial edicts, and many of the court etiquettes at that time were formulated for him. In the tenth year of Hongwu's reign, he resigned from office and returned to his hometown due to old age. Later, he was exiled to Maozhou because his eldest grandson Song Shen was implicated in the Hu Weiyong case. He died of illness in Kuizhou on the way at the age of seventy-two.
Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty gave him the posthumous title of "Wenxian", so he was called "Wenxian of the Song Dynasty". Song Lian and Liu Ji are both famous for their prose creations, and are called "the ancestors of their generation". His prose may be simple and concise, or graceful and elegant, each with its own characteristics. He admired Taige literature and his writing style was honest and elegant, which provided a model for the literary creation of subsequent "Taige style" writers. Most of his works were combined into seventy-five volumes of "The Complete Works of Scholars of the Song Dynasty".
2. Liu Ji
Liu Ji, Han nationality, named Bowen, was a native of Nantian Township, Qingtian County, Chuzhou, so he was called Liu Qingtian. He was a military strategist, statesman, Writer, founder of the Ming Dynasty. In the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, he was granted the title of Uncle Chengyi, so he was also called Liu Chengyi.
In the ninth year of Emperor Wuzong's reign, he was posthumously awarded the posthumous title of Grand Master, Wencheng. Later generations called him Liu Wencheng and Wencheng Gong. From Yuan Dynasty to Shun, he was promoted to Jinshi.
He was well versed in classics and history, and was especially good at studying Xiangwei. People at the time compared him to Zhuge Liang. In the 19th year of Zhengzheng Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang heard about the names of Liu Ji and Song Lian and came here with courtesy. He wrote a letter stating eighteen policies on current affairs and was highly favored. Participated in planning military plans such as the pacification of Zhang Shicheng and Chen Youliang and the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains. In the first year of Wu Dynasty, he was appointed Taishi Ling and entered the "Wushen Datong Li". Please enact legislation to stop indiscriminate killing.
After Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne as emperor, he petitioned for the establishment of a military and security law and for the discipline and discipline to be corrected. After admonition, he established his capital in Fengyang. In November of the third year of Hongwu, he was granted the title of Uncle Chengyi, with an annual salary of 240 shi. Four years later, he was given the gift of return. Liu Ji lives in his hometown and has no trace of Tao. He only drinks wine and plays chess without talking about his achievements. Looking for old regrets, he was criticized by the left Prime Minister Hu Weiyong and took away his salary.
He went to Beijing to apologize, but stayed in Beijing and did not dare to return. He was worried and angry. Hu Weiyong once sent a doctor to visit him. In the eighth year, he sent envoys to protect him, and he died in one month. Liu Ji was proficient in astronomy, art of war, mathematics, etc., and was especially good at poetry. The poems are simple and majestic, and there are many works that criticize the corrupt rulers and sympathize with the suffering of the people. His works are all included in "Collected Works of Chengyibo".
Liu Jizuo and Zhu Yuanzhang brought peace to the world, and discussed the safety and danger of the world. His righteousness was reflected in his appearance. When faced with emergencies, he worked hard with courage and made plans that no one could predict. Zhu Yuanzhang called Liu Ji many times: "My son's wife." In the history of literature, Liu Ji, Song Lian and Gao Qi were also called "the three great poets of the early Ming Dynasty".
There is a widely circulated saying among Chinese people that "Zhuge Liang divided the world into three parts, and Liu Bowen unified the country; Zhuge Liang, the military advisor of the former dynasty, and Liu Bowen, the military advisor of the later dynasty". He is famous for his uncanny calculations and strategizing.
3. Gao Qi
Gao Qi, Han nationality, was a famous poet and writer in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. The courtesy name is Jidi and the nickname is Chaxuan. He is from Cheung Chau. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he lived in seclusion in Qingqiu, Wusong, and named himself Qingqiu Zi. Gao Qi was talented, knowledgeable, literate, and especially good at poetry. Together with Liu Ji and Song Lian, he was known as one of the "Three Great Masters of Poetry and Prose in the Early Ming Dynasty." "Elite", commentators at the time compared them to the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty".
He is also known as the "Ten Friends of Beiguo" with Wang Xing. At the beginning of the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, he was recommended to participate in the "History of the Yuan Dynasty", was appointed as the editor of the history of the Hanlin Academy, and was ordered to teach the kings. He was promoted to the right minister of the household department, but he refused. Wei Guan, the prefect of Suzhou, renovated the government at the site of Zhang Shicheng's palace and was convicted and executed. Gao Qi once wrote "The Liang Dynasty on County Governance", which contains the four characters "dragon, pan, tiger and tiger". It was suspected that he was praising Zhang Shicheng and he was beheaded. He is the author of "The Complete Collection of Gao Taishi", "Collection of Fu Zao", etc.