"Qinyuanchun Changsha" and "Qinyuanchun Changsha" are poems written by Mao Zedong when he left his hometown Shaoshan in the late autumn of 1926 and went to Guangzhou to preside over the peasant movement workshop, passing through Changsha and revisiting Orange Island. It is vividly pointed out that the leading force that dominates the China revolution is the China * * * Production Party armed with Marxism–Leninism.
Title: Changsha Qinyuanchun
Creation year: modern
Source: Poetry Magazine (1957 65438+ 10/)
Literary genre: words (long sentences and short sentences)
Author: Mao Zedong
Inscription name: Qin
Creation time: 1926 65438+ February
original work
There are thousands of mountains and thousands of hectares, and autumn is in full swing. In an eventful autumn, it has played a historic role in its application.
Changsha Qinyuanchun
Mao Zedong is independent in cold and autumn, Xiangjiang River goes north, and Orange Island. You see the mountains and plains, and the layers of forests are all dyed; The river is full of water, and hundreds of ge (gě) compete for flow. The eagle strikes the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frost fight for freedom. Chang Leo kuo asked the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs? I took a hundred couples on a trip to reminisce about the past years. Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom; The scholar was so angry that he lashed out at Fang Qiu. Pointing out the maze, inspiring words, the dirt in Wan Huhou that year. Remember when the waves stopped the speedboat when hitting the water in the middle stream?
Annotation translation of this paragraph
To annotate ...
Qinyuanchun: The inscription is said to be Princess Qinshuiyuan, the daughter of Emperor Hanming of East China. Later, it was seized by Dou Xian, a consort, and someone wrote a poem for it, hence the name. Xiangjiang River: A Xiang, the largest river in Hunan Province, originates from Haiyang Mountain in the south of lingchuan county, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with a total length of 65,438+0,752 li. It flows northeast through the eastern part of Hunan Province, passes through Changsha and enters Dongting Lake in the north. So the Xiangjiang River is going north. Cold autumn: It's already late autumn, late autumn. Autumn is already chilly, so it is called cold autumn. Juzizhou: The place name, also known as Shuiluzhou, is a long and narrow island in Xiangjiang River in the west of Changsha, with Yuelu Mountain in the west. The length from north to south is about 1 1 Li, and the widest point from east to west is about one Li. The so-called Long Island "Answering Friends" in Mao Zedong's Seven Laws refers to this. It has been a tourist attraction since the Tang Dynasty. In the cold autumn, I watched the Xiangjiang River flow northward independently in Orange Island. Changsha Qinyuanchun
Wanshan: refers to Yuelu Mountain on the west bank of Xiangjiang River and many nearby peaks. Layer forest is completely dyed: the tree on the mountain turns red after frost, as if it had been dyed. Manjiang: Manjiang. Man: Full, all over. G (ě): Big ship. This refers to ordinary ships. Race: Race driving. The eagle hits the sky and the fish is shallow: the eagle soars in the sky and the fish swims in the clear water. Fight, fight. It is described here as a vigorous flight. "Xiang" originally refers to birds hovering and flying, describing the lightness and freedom of fish swimming here. Shallow bottom: clear water bottom. All kinds of frost fight for freedom: In Qiu Guang, everything fights for a free life. All species: refers to all living things. First frost Day: refers to late autumn. Loneliness: Feeling blue in the face of the vast universe. Disappointment: originally meant to be depressed, it is used here to express the passionate and generous emotions caused by deep thinking. Tall and big, used here to describe the vastness of the universe. Broad: broad and confused. Who controls the ups and downs: Lord: Lord. Ups and downs: It is similar to the meaning of "ups and downs" (ups and downs). It is a metaphor for the ups and downs of things, which means ups and downs here. Looking down at the fish and looking up at the eagle, I don't know who is in charge of the ups and downs of everything in the world. This question can be understood here as: Who should dominate the rise and fall of the country and the fate of the people in China under the rule of this warlord? Bailu: Many partners. Lovers, here refers to classmates. Many eventful years: There are many unusual days. Pride: The mountain is high and steep, and it is extraordinary and refined. Thick: more. Cha: Just in time. Classmate: Mao Zedong 19 13 to 19 18 studied in Hunan First Normal School. 19 18 Mao Zedong, Xiao Yu and Cai Hesen organized Xinmin society and started his early political activities. In full bloom: personable and talented. Scholar: Scholar, here refers to young students. Spirit: will and spirit. Fang Qiu (qiú): Aggressive and unrestrained. Zhuangzi Tian Zifang: "Swing at the Eight Extremes". Guo Xiang's note: "It's better to put it down." Qiu and Qiang. Fang: Positive. Condemning Fang Qiu means enthusiasm and energy. Guide the country and inspire words: comment on state affairs, attack ugly phenomena with words and praise beautiful things. The article written is calm and clear. Pointing, commenting. Jiangshan refers to the country. Stimulate, stir turbidity to promote clarity, attack turbidity and praise clarity. Regard Wan Huhou as dirt: regard warlords and bureaucrats at that time as dirt. Dirt, used as a verb, means to treat ... like dirt. Wanhuhou was the highest marquis in Han Dynasty, enjoying the tax of thousands of farmers. Borrow refers to big warlords and bureaucrats. Ten thousand households refer to the accounts in the marquis's fief, and they have to pay rent and labor to the sealed person. Midstream: A place where the river is deep and fast. Go into the water: The author wrote: "Go into the water: swim." At that time, beginners, rising water in midsummer, killed several people, and the last group of people persisted in the dead of winter, still in the river. At that time, I forgot a poem, only remembering two sentences: I am confident that I will live for 200 years, and I will be a water hammer with a distance of 3,000 miles. "Here, I quote the allusion of Zu Ti's" Zhong Liu Jing ". (Zu Ti overthrew the state power and always had the intention of reviving the recovery. Yuan Di asked him to be General Wei Fen and the secretariat of Yuzhou, and provided him with a reserve of 1000 men and 3000 pieces of cloth, but he was not given combat clothes and weapons, so he was allowed to recruit his own men. Zu Ti still led 100 many exiled subordinates across the Yangtze River. When he reached the middle of the river, he threw his paddle and vowed, "If Zu Ti can't pacify the Central Plains and cross the river again, it will be like the water of the Yangtze River is gone forever!" His words were impassioned and his expression was tragic, and everyone was deeply impressed by his oath. ) This refers to swimming. Stop (è): Stop. Qinyuanchun Changsha gambles on European (IU) rhyme. Rhymes include: autumn, head, transparency, flow, freedom, swimming, thickness, length, back, opposition and boat. Lord: Dominating melancholy: originally meant to be frustrated, it is used here to express the passionate and generous emotions caused by deep thinking.
translate
On a crisp autumn day in late autumn, I stood alone in Orange Island, watching the clear water of Xiangjiang River slowly flow northward. You see, all the mountains have turned red, and layers of trees seem to have been dyed. The river is crystal clear, and a big ship is racing against the wind and waves. The eagle flies briskly in the vast sky, the fish swims briskly in the clear water, and everything competes for free life in the Qiu Guang. Facing the boundless universe, I want to ask: Who decides to dominate the rise and fall of this boundless earth? Back in the past, my classmates and I often came here to play hand in hand. Talking about state affairs together, countless extraordinary years still haunt me. Students are in their youth and prime of life; Everyone is ambitious, unrestrained and strong. Commenting on state affairs, writing these turbulent and clear articles, treating those powerful people, warlords and bureaucrats at that time as dirt. Do you still remember that when we were swimming in the rapids, the waves we beat hard stopped the coming ships.
The common sense of literature in this paragraph
Ci, as a kind of poetry, is a new literary style that rose in the Tang Dynasty (Ci originated in Sui and Tang Dynasties). In the Song Dynasty, after a long and sustained development, it entered its heyday. Ci originated in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. Ci, also known as Quzi, long and short sentences and poems, is a kind of songs and poems filled with feasts. Poetry and words belong to the category of verse, but poetry is only used for chanting and words are used for singing. Ci is a unique form of poetry, which was originally sung with music. A word is characterized by a long and short sentence. There are different names for the tunes of inscription poems, and there are regulations on the total number of sentences, the number of sentences, the number of words and the level of each sentence. Words are divided into poems, middle tones and long tones, and are divided according to the number of words. Small orders are under 58 words; 59 to 90 words are alto; Words above 9 1 are long sounds. Ci school is divided into bold school and graceful school. His works show different styles. The representative writers of the bold school are Su Shi and Xin Qiji. The representative writers of graceful and restrained school are Liu Yong, Qin Guan and Li Qingzhao.
The creative background of this paragraph
The word "Qinyuan Chunchangsha" was written in [1] 1926 65438+ February. At that time, the revolutionary movement was booming. The May 30th Movement and general strikes in various provinces and ports broke out one after another, and Mao Zedong directly led the peasant movement in Hunan. At the same time, the United front of the two parties has been established, and the National Revolutionary Government has been formally established in Guangzhou. In the late autumn of this year, Mao Zedong went to Guangzhou to preside over the peasant movement workshop. During his stay in Changsha, he revisited Orange Island and wrote this word. Mao Zedong was 33 years old when he wrote "Qinyuanchun Changsha". At that time, the revolutionary situation was high and mass movements were surging. 1 month, the fourth party congress was held in Shanghai; In September, Mao Zedong participated in the preparation of the "Second National Congress" of the Kuomintang; 10, was elected as the acting propaganda minister of the Kuomintang. Mao Zedong is high-spirited and in a good mood. This word was first published in Poetry Magazine of 1957 1 month 1 day. 1925, under the leadership of the * * * production party in China, the situation of the workers and peasants movement in the whole country was high, and the revolutionary development momentum was extremely rapid. The May 30th Movement, which shocked the world, and the general strikes in various provinces and ports also spread throughout more than a dozen provinces, and various forms of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggles unfolded like storms. At this time, on the one hand, the revolutionary movement of workers and peasants flourished, on the other hand, the reactionary forces frantically suppressed the revolutionary forces in order to maintain their reactionary rule. So where will the fate of the Chinese nation go? Will it continue to maintain the reactionary rule of dark decline, or will it break the dark rule and move towards prosperity and progress? Who will be the leading force in the development direction? These problems have become the focus of people's attention. Changsha is the capital of Hunan, where Mao Zedong studied and engaged in revolutionary activities in his early years. 1925 returned to Hunan from Shanghai in February to carry out the peasant movement, from Shaoshan to Changsha in August, and to Guangzhou in September to preside over the national peasant movement workshop. During my stay in Changsha, I revisited Orange Island, faced with the beautiful natural autumn scenery of Xiangjiang River, and remembered the revolutionary situation at that time, so I wrote this song "Qinyuanchun" with the theme of "Changsha".
The interpretation of this poem
Yellow Hairstyle Calligraphy "Qinyuanchun Changsha"
This word was written in the autumn of 1926 (the author wrote this word in calligraphy as "1926", see "Ink Continuation of Chairman Mao's Poems", which seems to be a clerical error. 1in the autumn of 926, the author was the director of the Central Peasant Movement Committee in Shanghai, but he had never been to Changsha). The whole poem is vigorous, magnificent and full of emotion. It expresses the grand ideal of young Mao Zedong to "transform China and transform the world". He is optimistic, confident, charming and distinguished, and also shows his full maturity and high achievement in the art of poetry. The first part of the whole poem is to write about scenery, and the next part is to recall the past. Starting from the sentence "independent cold autumn", it is pointed out that the time and place are in late autumn and the land is in Orange Island in Xiangjiang River. The pen is plain and the tone is soothing. In fact, it is to prepare for the following. Several sentences with the word "look" are a complete set of long sentences, which are completed in one go, revealing the author's extreme dumping of the beautiful scenery in front of him. Numerous parallelism and antithesis sentences make the description of the scenery layered: the mountains are red, the water is blue, and the colors are in sharp contrast; The trees on the mountain are as gorgeous as sunrise, and the boats in the river are as noisy as galloping horses, and the movements set each other off; Looking up at the eagle flying, overlooking the fish swimming, changing the perspective, showing a colorful, vibrant and moving Xiangjiang Qiu Jingtu. So the author can't help but express sincere admiration for "all kinds of frost and sky strive for freedom", and all living and inanimate things live and develop freely in this endless universe. What a desirable scene! From Song Yu's "Sadness, Autumn is Qi" ("Nine Debates"), Sadness for Autumn has become an eternal theme in the works of China ancient poet Mo Ke; Although there are some works praising autumn, such as Liu Yuxi's "The First Smell of Autumn Wind", "Heaven and earth can be destroyed, and the monarch (referring to autumn wind) can rise to the stage after his illness", it is rare in ancient poetry to thank autumn wind for helping him overcome his illness and cheer up his spirit, but its realm and boldness of vision naturally cannot and need not be compared with "all kinds of freedom in frosty days" here. The author's later autumn ode is "a year of autumn wind is thick, not like spring." "Better than Spring" and "Wan Li Frost on the River" ("Picking Sang Chongyang") all reflect the author's attention and interest in magnificent, distant, free and vigorous natural beauty. This kind of praise for autumn scenery makes the mood of Ci tend to be high. However, the top of the pole has become a layer again. Suddenly, he asked, "I'm so disappointed. Ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?" "The whole word reached its climax." Who dominates the ups and downs? "This big problem covers a long time and space, vast land, the struggle between human history and reality, and embodies the central idea of this article. Here, the author's profound thoughts on the future of the times and society are condensed, and his earnest concern and painstaking exploration of the fate of the nation and the motherland are branded. Since the summer of 192 1, Mao Zedong has been actively involved in party building and various revolutionary mass movements. /kloc-in the winter of 0/924, he returned to Hunan, organized a "revenge meeting" in Shaoshan and other places, carried out a series of revolutionary activities, and organized and publicized the masses. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/926, Zhao Hengti, the overseer of Hunan Province, ordered the arrest of Mao Zedong, and Mao Zedong left Shaoshan warily and went south to Guangzhou, the revolutionary birthplace at that time. This word was written during my temporary stay in Changsha. Obviously, it is not difficult for us to understand that the author did not indulge in the natural landscape with the leisure of tourists, but with a strong sense of mission to fight for freedom for the nation and liberation for the people, he unexpectedly found a point of convergence with nature. The Meaning of "Independent Cold Autumn"
The word "independence", "melancholy" and "melancholy" are all based on the optimistic, warm and gorgeous tone of the word, which is inevitably smeared with inexplicable confusion and indifference. It is not a single emotion that adds a sense of heaviness and affection to the work. In particular, the question of "Who controls the ups and downs" grasped the fundamental question in the overall situation of the revolutionary struggle at that time: Who controls the fate of China? This article seems to have a problem but no answer, but it actually has an answer. In the future, the author's "counting romantic figures depends on the present" is a literary answer, while "the people, only the people, are the driving force to create world history" is a theoretical answer. In fact, the next paragraph of this word is also an answer. The next movie is about the group activities of young "100 couples"; However, he devoted himself to Changsha's travel notes in order to fit the local scenery, reunify the material of the whole poem, that is, painting and narrative, and closely focus on the title of "Changsha". There are too many memories about Changsha, Orange Island and Mao Zedong. He studied and carried out revolutionary activities in the first normal school of the province for five years, and then lived in Changsha many times. At the foot of Yuelu Mountain, he initiated the establishment of Xinmin Society and vowed to serve the nation together with Cai Hesen, He Shuheng, Chen Chang, Zhang Kundi and Luo Xuezan. He edited Xiangjiang Review in Changsha, set up a Marxist research society, organized evening classes for civilians and cultural bookstores, "pointed out the mountains and rivers", commented on current politics and wrote an impassioned macro chapter. Yuan Shikai is ready to proclaim himself emperor, and his appointed Du Xiang Shang Xiangming actively supports him. Mao Zedong distributed pamphlets everywhere to expose and criticize him. Zhang overseers Hunan, and he led the "Zhang Drive Movement", treating these reactionary warlords like dirt. Another long sentence under the word "cha" is a vivid portrayal of these activities! Finally, the author described the details of swimming life in those days with huge sums of money. It is well known that the author loves swimming and is especially good at breaking waves in rivers. There is a saying in his "Water Turning Around": "No matter how big the storm is, it is better to walk." Swimming has become a symbolic image in the author's works. As he has explained many times, "revolutionaries can't grow up in greenhouses, but should exercise themselves in stormy waves" and "human society has developed from stormy waves". Therefore, the last three sentences not only show the heroic ambition of the author and "100 couples" to fight bravely, but also show people that this fearless revolutionary spirit is necessary to realize the great revolutionary ideal of "ups and downs".
Appreciation of this poem
From a historical perspective.
In the history of China's poetry, Qu Yuan was the first poet who described the natural beauty in great quantities and combined it with his concern for the country and the people. This is a fine tradition of China's classical poetry. Mao Zedong's poems inherited this fine tradition. He is good at combining natural beauty with social beauty and expressing the content of social beauty through the vivid artistic image of natural beauty. By describing autumn scenery in Changsha and recalling his revolutionary struggle life in his youth, this word puts forward the question of "Who is in charge of ups and downs", and expresses his optimism about the future of the Chinese nation and his great ambition to take what's going on in the world as his own responsibility. In particular, the last three sentences of this poem end with a question, which skillfully answers the question of "who is in charge of ups and downs". Just like hitting water in the middle of the year, bravely throw yourself into the storm of revolution and go forward bravely.
Aesthetic angle
Aesthetically speaking, sublime beauty is manifested in the external aspect, which is embodied in magnificent scenes such as tall, vast, majestic and magnificent. German philosopher Kant divided sublimity into two categories: mathematical sublimity, such as the volume of mountains; The sublimity of mechanics, such as the momentum of a storm. Chernyshevski, a famous Russian literary critic, also said: "One thing is much bigger than everything compared with it, and that is sublime." Confucius also linked "greatness" with sublimity and praised: "greatness! Yao is the king. This is embarrassing, only the sky is big, this is just embarrassing. " This kind of sublimity, broadness and magnificence is vividly reflected in the description of mountains and rivers in Chairman Mao's poems. Qinyuanchun Changsha is one of the best articles.
Scene description angle
Changsha Qinyuanchun
The first half of the word focuses on scenery. "Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang North, Orange Island." From the beginning, the author put himself in the broad background of autumn water and sky. At the same time, it also brings readers into a lofty realm of late autumn. Looking from a distance: "The mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed." The author not only saw the maple forest in Yuelu Mountain in front of him, but also thought of the yellow cottonwood in Xiangshan Mountain, Beijing, and countless mountains in the motherland that turned from green to red, such as tallow, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, maple, oak, pistachio, etc ... The heavy mountains and layers of trees made the god of nature touch the crayons and smudge a purple color, which was even more beautiful than the spring flowers that opened in February. Close-up: "The river is overflowing, and a hundred people are fighting for it." Autumn water is clear, Jiang Bibo is in autumn, and the Xiangjiang River at the foot is more crystal clear in autumn, such as green jade and transparent crystal. On the river, Qian Fan is fighting for hair and crossing, silent and full of vitality. Looking up, "the eagle hits the sky", the cloudless autumn sky in Wan Li, and the eagle is brave and strong, flying freely. Looking from afar, "the fish is fragrant and shallow", because of the transparency and shallow bottom of the river, the fish are swinging their fins and swimming at will. In just four short poems, the author describes a three-dimensional vast south of Wan Li and colorful autumn scenery, just like Guan Shanyue, a famous contemporary Lingnan painter, with colorful landscapes. It is worthy of being the masterpieces of "driving the mountains and setting your eyes on the sea" (Li Bai's "Dangtu Zhao Yan Shaofu's Painting Landscape Songs") and "Talking about Wan Li" (Du Fu's "Song of Wang Zai's Painting Landscape Pictures"). "You see all over the mountains, and all the forests are dyed; The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow. The eagle hits the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frosty days compete for freedom. " From the content point of view, write mountains, Woods, Xiangjiang River, ships, eagle fish and so on. There are both natural objects and animals and plants, with complete categories and full of vitality. From the perspective of landscape writing, the author has a distance from the perspective, from logic, from point to surface, from reality to nothingness, from nature to human beings. It and the northern scenery of "Snow in Wan Li" described in another poem "Spring and Snow in Qinyuan" by the author are unprecedented panoramic landscapes in classical poetry. "Young people are worried about clouds." (Li He's "To Drink") The poet and his companions' worries about taking clouds, from "traveling with a hundred couples" to "Wan Huhou's past", can be said to be straightforward, surging down like the Yangtze River, magnificent and stirring. At the end, "hitting the water in the middle stream, stopping the boat and not flying" is a symbolic way, vividly expressing the lofty aspirations of a generation of revolutionary youth. "The mid-stream hits the water, and the waves stop the flying boat." One explanation is that "hitting the water" means swimming and rowing hard in the rapids, and the waves even stop the fast-moving boat. I always feel that this artistic conception is not in line with the author's spirit of advocating "hundreds of battles and streams". I prefer the transformation of "mid-stream hitting water", that is, "mid-stream hitting water". Biography of Zu Ti in the Book of Jin:' Zu Ti can't clear the Central Plains, and those who help others are like great rivers! Later, Zhong Liu Jing became synonymous with vowing to revive the motherland. Here, it is said that the poet should ride the wind and waves in the tide of the new era, go forward bravely, and swear to revitalize China's lofty aspirations and lofty sentiments. After reading it, people seem to hear a heart that loves their country and hometown, and they are pounding, thus feeling the sublime beauty reflected by a great heart.
Artistic angle
Changsha Qinyuanchun
The artistic expression of China's classical poetry attaches great importance to the blending of scenes. Liu Xie said: "The taste is complicated, but it is boring when it is light." (Wen Xin Diao Long) Xie Zhen said: "Landscape is the medium of poetry, and love is the embryo of poetry; It is a poem, a few words are unified, and the vitality is endless. " The word "Poem Four Styles" has reached the realm of well integrating scenes. In the first half of the year, although he focused on the scenery, he was full of feelings in the scenery. "The mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed" is not only a portrayal of the surrounding maple forests, but also a reflection of the poet's fiery revolutionary feelings. Red symbolizes revolution, fire and light. "Mountains and plains" is a vivid expression of the author's thought that "a single spark can start a prairie fire" and an optimistic vision for the revolution and the future of the motherland. "The eagle strikes the sky, the fish jumps shallowly, and ten thousand kinds of frost fight for freedom" is the author's yearning and pursuit for freedom and liberation. The sigh of "melancholy, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs" directly shifts from writing scenery to lyric, which naturally brings out the lyric movement in the second half. Although the second half focuses on lyricism, there is no lack of scenery in it. Recalling the past eventful years describes the years in an eventful, novel and vivid way, turning the intangible extraordinary years into tangible towering peaks, giving people lofty beauty. "The mid-stream hits the water, and the waves stop the flying boat" is also a magnificent picture of bravely breaking the waves. It can be said that the sublime beauty of Qinyuanchun Changsha is interwoven with emotion as the warp and scenery as the weft. It not only enables us to enjoy the artistic enjoyment of magnificent autumn scenery, but also draws confidence and strength from the poet's passionate revolutionary feelings.
Main content of upper and lower terbium
Uptown: Today's Tour describes the relationship between man and nature and the autumn scenery of Xiangjiang River. Xia Kun: The author of "Back to the Past" is related to a radical group, recalling his classmates' days and expressing his thoughts and ambitions.
ideological content/level
Changsha Qinyuanchun
The sublime beauty is manifested in the inner aspect, which is the reflection of a great and noble mind. Ron Girnus of ancient Rome put forward that sublimity is "the echo of a great mind" in his article On Sublime. The second half of the word focuses on lyricism, which is the expression of this great spiritual echo. This expression is first obtained through memory. "I took a hundred couples to travel and recall the past years." The author thinks of walking, swimming and talking about world events with classmates and friends, and recalls that unforgettable eventful autumn. This word was written in the late autumn of 1925. This is when Comrade Mao Zedong left Hunan for Guangzhou, which was the center of the revolution. From 19 1 1 to 1925, Comrade Mao Zedong studied, worked and engaged in revolutionary activities in Changsha for many times. During this period, many important events occurred at home and abroad, such as the Revolution of 1911, the First World War, the October Revolution in Russia, the May 4th Movement, and the establishment of the China * * * Production Party. , are all major changes affecting the world situation. Such years are like towering peaks in the mountains of history. "Just classmates and teenagers, in their prime; The scholar was furious and cursed Fang Qiu. " In these troubled times, the author and his classmates Cai Hesen, Xiao Zisheng, Zhang Kundi, Guo Liang, etc. Xiang Jingyu, Yang Kaihui, Cai Chang, Luo, Li and other intellectual youths who are determined to save the country. Except He Shuheng and Xie Juezai, they are all young, energetic, talented, energetic and passionate. The poet skillfully used the artistic conception in Zhuangzi Tian Zifang that "as a human being, one can look up to the sky, dive into the grave, swing the octupole and keep the spirit unchanged" to describe the free and unrestrained mind of young people in the new era liberated from the shackles of old ideas. (Free and unrestrained. Fang Qiu is also full of vigor and vitality. In the past, some people interpreted "reprimand" as a critical refutation and "Fang Qiu" as an expert authority, which is inaccurate. ) "Pointing to the mountains, rhetoric, manure in Wan Huhou." This is the further concretization of "eventful years" and "reprimanding Fang Qiu". Faced with the beautiful scenery of "all mountains are red all over the place", they not only admire the magnificence of splendid rivers and mountains, but also lament the destruction of great rivers and mountains. Therefore, he published an article to set things right, attacking the darkness, preaching the truth, and despising the "Wan Huhou" at that time-warlords were like dirt. During this period, comrades organized Hunan Students' Federation and Xinmin Society in Changsha, set up evening classes for civilians, cultural bookstores and self-study universities in Hunan, participated in activities against Yuan Shikai's claim to be emperor, and led the expulsion of Zhang and other warlords. In particular, the establishment of Xiangjiang Review and Marxist Research Association made ideological and organizational preparations for the establishment of the China * * * production party in 192 1. These are not only the specific contents of "pointing out the mountains and rivers, inspiring words, and shit is Wan Huhou in those days", but also the background of writing this word. Understanding this background will help us to further understand the beautiful light of the revolutionary's lofty mind shining in his ci.
Introduction to the author of this paragraph
Mao Zedong (Figure 3) was originally named Yongzhi, later renamed Runzhi, and his pen name was Zi Ren. 1893 12.26 was born in Shaoshan village, Xiangtan, Hunan, a peasant family (some people say it is a landlord family). After the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, he served as a soldier in the Rebel Army for half a year. 1914 ~1918, studying in Hunan First Normal University. On the eve of graduation, I organized revolutionary groups such as Cai Hesen and Xinmin Society. Contact and accept Marxism before and after the May 4th Movement, and establish * * * organization 1920 in Hunan. 1976 passed away in Beijing on September 9th. China people's leader, Marxist, great proletarian revolutionist, strategist, thinker and theorist, main founder and leader of China * * * Production Party, China People's Liberation Army and People's Republic of China (PRC), poet and calligrapher. Changsha is the place where Mao Zedong studied and engaged in revolutionary activities in his early years. Mao Zedong is regarded as one of the most important figures in the history of the modern world, and Time magazine called him one of the most influential people in the 20th century.
Interpret this poem
Changsha Qinyuanchun
Most of China's classical poems are sad for autumn. Looking through Chairman Mao's poems, I feel a soft spot for autumn, probably because autumn is vast, desolate and atmospheric, which is more in line with the mind and heroic spirit of soldiers. The opening of Chairman Mao's poems is a hymn of autumn, freedom and youth. The autumn praised by Chairman Mao is a kind of autumn in which "all kinds of frosty days strive for freedom", and all kinds of nature, such as mountains, forests, rivers, kudzu, eagles, fish and so on, strive for freedom and enjoy themselves in this frosty day. "Although there are many kinds, solitude is the most spiritual." As the spirit of all things? They have no freedom! Therefore, the poet is "lonely". In this "lonely" autumn, the poet's melancholy is as "lonely" as autumn. In the face of free "all kinds" and unfree human beings, he can't help being in charge of ups and downs on the boundless land like Qu Yuan? Qu Yuan asked Heaven for an answer. Poets ask questions, and the answer is clear to them, that is, they are young scholars who will arouse the people to lead the ups and downs. Because the revolutionary situation at that time was not very clear, the poet was "disappointed". Some people may wonder why Mao Zedong's open-book poems don't mention the country and people. In fact, the phrase "ask the vast land" is not asking me about the poor land of China. Isn't it my country and the people who are not free that poets are "disappointed" because they can't "strive for freedom"? The poet's complex of loving the country, worrying about the country and serving the country comes down in one continuous line with the lofty ideals and generous and sad young poets of past dynasties, and has injected a new spirit of the times with the development of the times. Let's go back to those young scholars. They are friends of poets and leaders of the times. They "point to the country for inspiration", and they "hit the water in the middle stream and stop flying boats". They will "strive for freedom" for the Chinese nation and "dominate the ups and downs" for the vast land! The sentence "The soil is the Wan Huhou of that year" is very interesting. Young poets in past dynasties mostly took "Wan Huhou" as their goal. Lu You, a patriotic poet, "Wanli seeks to seal Hou, and Ma defends Liangzhou"; Liu Kezhuang, an outstanding poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was still sighing after drinking: "How can General Li see Emperor Gao!" The poet Mao Zedong used it to express a complete break with the old world.
The characteristics of this poem
Mao Zedong's autumn scenery Ci "Qinyuanchun Changsha" has always been praised by the world, and it is a unique Qiu Ge. The word broke away from the sad autumn of the old people, swept away the laziness and bleakness of the past, and with its colorful autumn scenery of Xiangjiang River and magnificent and lofty realm of late autumn, led readers to feel the broad-minded feelings and revolutionary aspirations of poet Mao Zedong, thus becoming a unique poet. "Qinyuanchun Changsha" is a long tune, reflecting the content of modern life in a traditional way, which is quite creative and shows the poet's ingenuity. The independent cold and autumn pictures, the Qiu Jingtu of Xiangjiang River, the picture of eventful years and the picture of hitting the water in the middle stream described in the ci are combined into a colorful and lively panoramic freehand brushwork landscape painting. The whole word * * * is divided into two parts. The first part mainly describes the cold and autumn scenery, depicts a magnificent picture of Xiangjiang River in cold and autumn, and expresses emotion on the spot, boldly asking "Who is in charge of ups and downs?" The beginning of the word "independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River going north, Orange Island" not only points out the season and place, but also outlines the specific environment for readers. The word "independence" further highlights the poet's standing tall in Orange Island, gazing at the heroic spirit of the Xiangjiang River, and the youthful style of a generation of great men is vividly on the paper. The last seven sentences always begin with the word "look". Through a series of images such as "Wanshan", "Manjiang", "Frosty Sky", "Flying Eagle" and "Swimming Fish", we constantly change the perspective of "seeing" and change the four angles of "far", "near", "up" and "overlooking". The last three sentences of the last film, through a "melancholy" and a "doubt", show the poet's ambition and show his broad mind.