"Known" includes two aspects. First, provide test questions, such as stem requirements, title, author, writing subject range, writing time, notes, etc. Second, the examinee's personal experience, such as the author's reading experience of this work and other works, his understanding of the theme and writing background, his rhetorical knowledge and writing knowledge, his direct and indirect lyricism, symbol, contrast and foil, and his known experience of poetry tradition, style, genre and allusions.
At present, the requirements of modern poetry appreciation questions are mostly adverse selection, and three correct options are used to help candidates understand poetry; The "known" book title, author, era, theme, artistic conception and all kinds of related knowledge should be closely related to the content learned in the textbook (such as 1999 "I love this land", you should contact "Wild Goose River-"), the content supplemented by the teacher and the content learned after class. In this way, I actively mobilized my experience to prepare for the next step.
Second, grasp the image and appreciate poetry.
"Meaning" is the center of the author's expression and the thought and emotion entrusted by the author; "Image" is a concrete and tangible thing. "Image" refers to the organic combination of objective image and subjective interest formed in the writer's mind, and also refers to the concrete image in his works, which contains subjective interest. For example, the birds, the land, the river, the wind and the dawn in I Love this Land are all tangible things that entrust the author with rich thoughts and feelings, that is, images. Poetry is lyrical, except for a few direct lyricism, most of them should find a specific "image" that can be expressed, symbolized and entrusted to express their emotions. To appreciate poetry, we must solve the image. Therefore, grasping the image is the first step to truly interpret poetry.
To grasp the image, we must grasp the style and emotional tone of poetry on the basis of what is known. The picture described by the poet is in harmony with his thoughts and feelings. Of course, the beautiful scenery reveals his love, but when he is sad, the beautiful scenery contains tears, such as "the place where petals flow like tears"; When the heart is cold, the beauty is repeatedly questioned, such as "reading red medicine by the bridge, knowing who to live for every year?" The emotions contained in the images of "flowers" and "red medicine" here are very clear.
To appreciate poetry, we should first make full use of association and imagination. Appreciate the image from imagination and relive and relive the poet's imagination. Read I Love This Land, follow the poem, imagine yourself as a bird, and understand why your throat is "hoarse", so that the image of a patriot will clearly emerge in front of you. Because the image core of this poem is a passionate bird, which sings tirelessly for the land, rivers, wind and dawn, and even dedicates its feathers to the land after death. In the whole process of reading poetry, imagination activities are centered around the image of this bird. The grasp of patriotic passion in poetry is obtained through the imagination of this bird who loves the land. Without imagination, you will get nothing.
Appreciate poetry, but also be good at expressing feelings in poetry. The lyricism of poetry is mostly implicit. If you want to go deep into poetry, you must "soak" the implicit things provided by poetry. In other words, what the poet refines and summarizes from the complicated life phenomena should be restored to its true colors. For example, the content of "meditation" in "Golden Rice Ball" needs to be well excavated.
To appreciate poetry, you should be able to chew the true flavor from the implication. Excellent poetry always avoids this straightforward narrative. The poet just nudges you implicitly, and then gives you the freedom of imagination like a fairy. We should be good at chewing, searching and finally judging the emotions behind the images provided by poets, and appreciation activities should not stay on the understanding of superficial meanings. Is "Golden Rice Ball" about the beauty of mother or the tiredness of mother? Chewing this out is of great significance to the judgment of item D of 10.
Finally, to appreciate poetry, we can't ignore its two functions. First, the dynamic effect, the poet injects the truest and most beautiful strong emotion into the poem, which makes the poem powerful, such as Lei published in Beijing and Anhui in the spring of 2000. The second is the role of clues, of course, we must accurately grasp the image, appreciate poetry, and use options to scrutinize.
Third, taste the language and tap the beauty of poetry.
Poetry is difficult to interpret, first of all, it is implied in images, and second, it is implied in language. The language of poetry is different from the general narrative and descriptive language, and even more different from the general descriptive language. The language of poetry is highly personalized, more emotional than the general language, and the expression is often indirect and abnormal.
Non-directness means that poetic language expresses its meaning through metaphors, allusions and symbols. It makes people feel subtle, hazy and ambiguous. For example, "Naqiu" uses the canon of the Book of Songs. "Crickets are not only objects in objective nature, but also have a deeper meaning to reflect the psychological state of our nation and the blood relationship and culture of China people."
Anomie mainly refers to the leap of poetic language, which makes sentences not as coherent as other styles and conforms to grammatical norms and logical thinking laws. The description of the central image "Golden Mile" in "Golden Mile" is completely different in visual and auditory feelings, which reflects the abnormality of language.
In view of the above characteristics of poetic language, we should be good at guessing the theme from simplicity and filling the mystery from jumping.
Fourth, understand the problem and find obstacles.
This method is mainly aimed at the skill of setting wrong questions in reverse topic selection. It is helpful to summarize the general skills of setting such questions and find the obstacles of options as soon as possible. Generally speaking, the main obstacles to setting such questions are: misinterpreting words; Make something out of nothing; Zhang Guan Dai Li; Unlimited altitude; Fish eyes are mixed with pearls; On purpose.