All the ancient poems in the second volume of the fourth grade

The fourth grade book accumulates over time and ancient poems Unit 1: Ancient poems and famous sentences describing natural scenery: The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen. (Wang Wei) (from the poem "To the Fortress". In the spring of the 25th year of Kaiyuan, Wang Wei sent an envoy to the frontier as a censor to serve as a festival official. This article was written on the road in traffic jam. The meaning of the poem is: a wisp of straight solitary smoke in the desert, a sunset at the end of the distant river beach. It can be said that the vast scenery is definitely written. ) A few rows of red leaves, countless sunset mountains. (Wang Shizhen) (This is a famous sentence describing the sunset glow in the great poet Wang Shizhen's Coming to Tongcheng. The meaning of these two poems is: the sun sets, and behind several rows of red leaves is the rolling Longmian Mountain. The dragon sleeps like a picture, and the sunset is outside the mountain. ) Qian Shan has a vast ocean and a clear moon in Chengjiang. (Huang Tingjian) (from the poem Deng Kuaige). The poem describes the seasons and the surrounding environment: the leaves fall on the mountains, and the sky looks great because of the crisp autumn. The river is also clearer. In the evening moonlight, the river is like a white practice. This is a brilliant twilight picture of Qiujiang River. ) send infinite trees in the air, and rain clouds are buried in the mountains. (Xin Qiji) This sentence comes from the word "partridge sky". These two sentences roughly describe what people see on the boat: the water is wide and far away, connected with the sky, and when they sit on the boat, they see the endless trees on the shore drifting with the tide, as if they were sent away by the water. On the distant mountain, the fog fills the air and the whole mountain is covered by half. ) The spring tide is in Lian Haiping, and the bright moon is born on the sea. (Zhang) (from "Moonlit Night on the Spring River"). The spring tide rises in the river, and the water level with the sea. On the sea, the bright moon rises with the tide. Unit 2: Guancheng's famous saying: Keep your word. You must keep your promise and do things boldly. Make friends and keep your word. The Analects of Confucius (meaning: since you promised others, you should try your best to do it. Do as you would be done by. The Analects of Yan Yuan (meaning: Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you. ) I sincerely add that the stone is open. If you are sincere, even something as hard as a stone will be moved. Metaphor is sincere in doing things, and any difficulty can be overcome. ) people who love others will always love others; People who respect others will always respect others. Mencius and Li Lou (meaning: people who love others will always love others; People who respect others will always be respected by others. ) I am old, and people are old; Young people, young people, young people. Mencius Hui Liang Wang Shang (meaning: respect the elders in your own family, and thus extend to respect the elders in other people's families; Only by taking good care of your own children can you promote the care of others' children. Unit 3: Agricultural Proverbs Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, plant melons and beans. Stay indoors at sunrise and travel thousands of miles at sunset. There are fish scales in the sky, so you don't have to turn the sun. Chickens stay late, ducks crow happily, and storms come quickly. Ants move the snake aisle, and there will be heavy rain tomorrow. Spring fog, summer fog, autumn fog, winter fog, snow. Proverbs are the essence of popular oral language. Here are six agricultural proverbs. "Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, planting melons and beans" is related to agricultural time, and the rest is related to meteorology. Agrometeorological proverbs are empirical phrases that can predict future weather changes summed up by working people in their long-term production and life practice. They are mostly circulated among the people in the form of simple and popular songs or rhymes, which often have geographical and seasonal limitations. Unit 4: Know yourself and know yourself, the idiom related to war: Sun Tzu's Art of War, plotting and attacking, knowing yourself and knowing yourself. Refers to a thorough understanding of one's own situation and that of the enemy. Ever victorious: you can win many battles, which shows that you are invincible. Planning: "The Story of Emperor Han Gaodi" "Shang (Liu Bang) said: In planning, my husband wins thousands of miles away, and I am not as good as Ovary (Sean)." Later, it was said that the rear decided the operational strategy. Winning thousands of miles: the final victory or defeat can be decided thousands of miles away, which is a metaphor for superior wisdom. Surprise: Take action when the other party is not expecting it. Attack the enemy by surprise: attack while he is unprepared. Wei besieged Zhao: In 353 BC, Wei besieged Handan, the capital of Zhao. Qi sent Tian Ji to lead the army to save Zhao. Tian Ji used Sun Bin, a military strategist, to attack Wei by taking advantage of the internal emptiness of Wei. When Wei came back to save the country, Qi took advantage of it and defeated Wei Jun in Guiling (now Heze, Shandong), so Zhao was saved. Later, "encircling Wei to save Zhao" was used as a metaphor for similar combat methods. Divert attention from east to west: a tactic to make the other side have the illusion of military surprise attack, that is, to attack this side on the surface or verbally, but actually attack that side. Embattled on all sides: According to Records of Historical Records of Xiang Yu, Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, was besieged by Liu Bang. That night, when he heard that the Han army was under attack from all sides, he was frightened and said, "Has Han got Chu?" He Chu has so many people!' "Later used to describe the situation of being isolated and surrounded. Between Scylla and Charybdis: attack from front to back. Every grass and tree looks like a soldier. When people are extremely scared, they become neurotic and paranoid, and they are very nervous about the slightest exercise. Tremble with fear: describes panic or self-panic. Soldiers are expensive and fast: it is most important to act quickly when using troops. Describe a surprise attack. Ghosts: Metaphors change cleverly and quickly, or appear for a while and disappear for a while, which is not easy to grasp. Refers to the use of troops to win by surprise, leaving the enemy scratching their heads. Invincible: refers to the place pointed by the army, etc. There are no rivals there to resist. Unit 5: Life Perception Famous sayings: People's life is limited, but serving the people is infinite. I will devote my limited life to serving the people indefinitely. (Lei Feng) All my life, I have always held the belief that the meaning of life lies in giving, giving, asking for nothing in return, and asking for nothing in return. (Ba Jin) For me, the meaning of life lies in putting yourself in others' shoes, worrying about others and enjoying their happiness. (Einstein) Unit 6: Poems about the countryside; Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. (This sentence comes from Tao Yuanming's Drinking, which means: Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, you can see the Nanshan Mountain leisurely. ) people are idle and sweet-scented osmanthus falls, and the night is quiet and spring is empty. (This sentence comes from Wang Wei's "Birding Creek", which means: osmanthus falls on a sparsely populated mountain, and spring mountain is empty in the silent night. ) peach blossoms outside the bamboo are three or two, and the spring river plumbing duck prophet. (This sentence comes from Su Shi's Night Scene of the Spring River in Hui Chong, which means that the peach blossoms outside the bamboo forest are warm and the spring river is warm. Ducks playing on the water are the first to know. It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond. (This sentence comes from Zhao Shixiu's Guest, which means: On a rainy night, frogs croaked in the village pond. ) The rice beam is fat under the Ehu Mountain, and the finless porpoise is half covered. (This sentence comes from Wang Jia's Social Day, which means: the crops under the Goose Lake grow fat, the pigs are in the pen, the chickens are in the house, and the door is half closed. ) Looking out the front door at Noda, the moon is in the sky and buckwheat is like snow. This sentence comes from Bai Juyi's "Village Night", which means: I went to the door and looked at the wild fields. The moonlight shines brightly, and buckwheat flowers are like snow. Unit 7: Idioms describing people's spirit and will: lofty ideals, ambitions, lofty aspirations. Describe extraordinary ambitions. Unswervingly: Slow and steady, unwavering. Perseverance: describes firm belief, tenacious will and unshakable. Self-improvement: strive for progress consciously and never give up. Many a mickle makes a mickle: metaphor. Small fur under a fox's armpit can be made into fur clothing. Metaphor makes a mickle. Perseverance: long-term persistence. Go all out: Go all out. Advance despite difficulties: knowing difficulties, but daring to advance. Face difficulties. Invincible: describe the power is very powerful, and nothing solid can't be destroyed. Retreat after knowing difficulties: Generally speaking, when you see something unfavorable to yourself in a battle, you should retreat. Now it refers to choosing to quit when you know that the problem is insurmountable. Mediocrity: mediocrity does nothing. One exposure to ten cold: the original intention is that even the most easily growing plants can't grow after being exposed to the sun for one day and frozen for ten days. Metaphor study or work hard, lazy, no perseverance. Inclination: one inch forward and one foot backward. If you point less and lose more, you will lose more than you gain. A beginning without an end: a beginning without an end. Refers to not doing things to the end. Give up halfway: the road stops halfway. Metaphor business unfinished achievement to stop, didn't do well. 1, praise: determined ambition, perseverance, self-improvement, perseverance, go all out, overcome difficulties, keep forging ahead and be invincible. 2, derogatory: learning difficulties, retreat after doing nothing. Unit 8: Two-part allegorical saying: A drop of water wears away the stone, but it's not done in a day. ) The early blooms of red plums stand out from the crowd (the early blooms of red plums stand out from the crowd, used to describe people who dare to innovate and forge ahead, or typical events. Stones for wall building-Stones come from the back (When building a wall, stones are laid one by one, and the last one is laid on it. Used to compare similar things, the latter is stronger than the former, which generally means that future generations surpass their predecessors. Guan Yu lost Jingzhou-pride goes before a fall (Guan Yu lost Jingzhou because he was too proud. Used to describe people's pride in doing things, which often leads to failure ) Wang Xizhi's writing-three points into the wood (according to legend, Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty wrote on the board, and the ink penetrated into the board three points deep. Calligraphy was originally highly descriptive, but now it is mostly used for metaphor, discussion, analysis and description. ) Zhou Yu hits Huang Gai-one is willing to fight, and the other is willing to suffer (Zhou Yu is willing to fight, Huang Gai is willing to endure, and now it is mostly used between the two sides. One side wants to do it, and the other side supports or undertakes it and cooperates with each other. )