Spirituality is the ancient name for a woman's lover, and Qu Yuan called it Chu Huaiwang. )
As a masterpiece, Li Sao is extremely rich in ideological content, which can be summarized into two aspects. One is to describe the contradiction between poets and dynasty rulers, that is, the opposition between ideal and reality; The second is to describe the pain and entanglement of the poet's mind, that is, the contradiction between enterprising and retiring.
The poet described his expectation for Chu Huaiwang, expecting him to practice his statutes and ride on a fine horse. The poet is willing to be a pioneering new work of Chu Reform. However, there was a struggle between innovation and conservatism within the ruling group of Chu at that time. The poet quoted the holy king to inspire Wang Huai to follow suit, and cited the tyrant's practice to warn Wang Huai. However, due to Wang Huai's conformism, abandoning the contract and changing his mind, the result was that "party member" was rampant, the world was corrupted, and even the talents carefully cultivated by poets became vulgar. The poet fell into a helpless situation and was rejected.
The theme of the whole poem, that is, by describing the poet's life struggling for lofty ideals, strongly expresses his anguish and contradictory feelings of being killed, his spirit of dedication to the country, his deep patriotism and sympathy for the people, and his indomitable struggle spirit of bravely pursuing truth and light and upholding justice and ideals; At the same time, it profoundly exposed the decadent and dark nature of the noble group of Chu headed by Chu Jun, and criticized their crimes of reversing right and wrong, running a private party, harming talents and doing evil for the country.
Qu Yuan's romantic writing technique has a far-reaching influence on later literary creation. In particular, Li Bai, a great romantic poet in China in the Tang Dynasty, also consciously studied Qu Yuan's positive romantic writing techniques. There are many Luo Zhi myths and legends, historical figures, the sun and the moon in Li Bai's poems, which constitute a magnificent picture.
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1. Regarding the creation date of Li Sao, Sima Qian said in the preface to Historical Records Taishi Gong: "Qu Yuan was demoted and wrote Li Sao." Accordingly, it is regarded as after Qu Yuan's exile. Nowadays, people have different opinions about this. Some say that Qu Yuan did it after he was demoted, or that Qu Yuan did it after he was demoted to the king of Chu. Some say that it was done at the end of the Qing Dynasty, and some say that it originated from it, sometimes at the beginning. So far, there is no conclusion.
As for the reasons for the creation of Li Sao, Sima Qian quoted Liu An's Li Sao from Biographies of Historical Records of Qu Yuan, saying: "Qu Ping's illness is not clever enough, flattery is too bright, and evil songs are harmful to everyone. Fang Zhengzhi couldn't tolerate it, so he wrote "Li Sao" with sadness and meditation. " He also said: "Qu Yuan went straight on the right path, exhausted loyalty and wisdom to serve the monarch and made the world poor. Believe and see doubt, be loyal and slander, can you have no complaints? Qu Ping's work "Li Sao" is self-blaming. "
Qu Yuan's "sadness" and resentment are closely related to the political reality of Chu State. Li Sao is a political lyric poem written by him according to the political reality of Chu State and his own grievances. Because the twists and turns describe the poet's life experience, thoughts and circumstances, some people regard it as an image record of Qu Yuan's life course and call it the poet's autobiography.
2. In Li Sao, Qu Yuan successfully created the first lyrical hero with full image and distinct personality in the history of China literature, which reflected Qu Yuan's great thoughts and noble personality.
Qu Yuan's works are rich in imagination and magnificent in ci style. A large number of myths and legends are used in Li Sao, and the sun, the moon and the wind are mobilized into the poem, making the words very colorful. He also highlighted the story of three times to find a woman to express his enthusiasm. He is good at describing a gentleman with beauty and vanilla. Bad wood and dirty grass are metaphors of villains. By contrast, the scene of the king trusting, the traitor in power and the patriot unable to serve the country is vividly written.
The lyric hero image in Li Sao is a concentrated expression of the spirit of the Chinese nation, which has given countless people with lofty ideals a demonstration of character and behavior and given them strength for more than two thousand years.
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