Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin was born in a noble family in Moscow on June 6, 1999. He was exiled twice and refused to surrender. Finally, under the planning of the czar government, he died in a duel with others at the age of 38. He grew up in a strong literary atmosphere.
As a child, he was disciplined by a French tutor and received an aristocratic education. At the age of eight, he was able to write poems in French. His family has a rich collection of books and makes friends with literary celebrities. His nanny from serfdom often told him Russian folk stories and legends, which made him appreciate the rich Russian since childhood. And has a strong interest in folk creation.
18 1 1 year, Pushkin entered Huangcun School, a school for aristocratic children, and began his literary creation career at the age of 12. 18 15 in the senior high school entrance examination, he recited his own "nostalgia for the ancient imperial village", which showed his outstanding poetry writing ability, especially the beauty and exquisiteness of poetry. In his early poems, he imitated the romantic poets Bachu Skov and Zhukovsky, and learned the style of the French poet Andrei Che Nier from17th century to18th century. While studying in Huangcun Middle School, he was also influenced by the French Enlightenment and made friends with some security officers who later became party member in December. His thought of opposing czar's autocracy and pursuing freedom was initially formed.
Writing peak
Pushkin went to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Petersburg after graduation. During this period, he was deeply influenced by the December Party members and their ideas of democracy and freedom. He joined the Green Light Society, a literary group associated with the secret organization of December Party members, and wrote many poems against serfdom and eulogizing freedom, such as Ode to Freedom and To Chaadayev and the Country. 1820, Pushkin wrote a fairy tale narrative poem "ruslan and lyudmila". Pushkin used vivid folk language in his poems, which was different from classical poetry in content and form, and challenged the aristocratic traditional literature.
Pushkin's works aroused the anxiety of the czar government. 1820 was sent to work in southern Russia, which was actually a disguised exile. During this period, he had more frequent contacts with members of the1February Party and attended some secret meetings in The Decemberists. His thought of pursuing freedom is clearer and stronger. Pushkin has written masterpieces such as Short Sword, Prisoner, To the Sea, and a set of "Southern Poems", among which there are four romantic narrative poems: Prisoner of Caucasus, Brother of Bandits, Tears of Sarah in Bahce and Cigang. He also wrote many beautiful lyric poems, such as Sunset, which expressed the poet's strong desire for freedom. Since this period, Pushkin has fully demonstrated his unique style. And let everyone know about the society at that time.
1824- 1825 Pushkin was sent back to Mikhailovsk village, the territory of his parents in Pskov region, where he spent two years.
I have a lot of books.
1826, Tsar Nicholas I ascended the throne and recalled Pushkin to Moscow, but he was still under the secret surveillance of the Tsar police. Pushkin did not change his attitude towards The Decemberists. He had an illusion about the new czar, hoping that Nicholas I could pardon The Decemberists in exile in Siberia, but the illusion was quickly shattered, so he wrote a political lyric poem "To the Prisoner of Siberia" to express his loyalty to The Decemberists's ideal. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/830, Pushkin spent three months in his father's territory, which was the harvest period of his life's creation and was called "the autumn of Polkino" in the history of literature. He finished the poetic novel yevgeni onegin written from 1823, and created the image of the first "superfluous man" in Russian literature, which became his most important work. He also wrote Belgin's Tales, Tragic Knight, Mozart and Charlery, Plague Banquet, The Stone Man and nearly 30 lyric poems. The postmaster in Belgin's short stories is a model of Russian short stories, which opens the tradition of shaping "little people" and his realistic creation is in full swing.
Pushkin moved to Petersburg in 183 1 and still works in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He went on to create many works, including the narrative poem The Bronze Knight, the fairy tale poem The Fisherman and the Goldfish and the short story The Queen of Spades. He also wrote two novels about farmers, Du Blovsky and the Captain's Daughter.
1836 Pushkin founded the literary magazine Modern People. This publication was edited by belinsky, Necrasov, Chernyshevski and Dobro Lyubov. Until the 1960s of 19, it not only trained a large number of outstanding writers, but also became the mouthpiece of Russian progressives.
The death of literati
Nikolaevna Goncharova, Pushkin's wife, was desecrated by the captain of the French gendarmerie, Duntis, which led to the duel between Pushkin and Duntis in 1837. 1on February 8, 837, Pushkin and Dantè s fought a decisive battle and suffered serious abdominal injuries. Two days later, he died in February of 10 (65438+129/0) at the age of 38. His early death made Russian progressive literati sigh: "The sun of Russian poetry has set!"