Song: Lu You
Lu You lived in the main road for six years (1 170). When he went to Kuizhou to be sentenced, he lamented that he was "cramped and often sad about being imprisoned, but he also lamented that he had excellent knowledge." ("Huangzhou") The country is weak, its ambition is hard to pay, and it often sends sympathy to Qu Yuan; "Li Sao hates all souls, and people with lofty ideals burst into tears." Later, I finally got an opportunity to serve my country-I went to Nanzheng to help Wang Yan do business, but within a year, I was transferred to the Fu Xuancan Parliament in Chengdu. The poet once sang sadly: "Weishan in Weishui does not send troops, but takes the piano and sword to close the city." Soon, he was transferred from Chengdu to work in Zhou Shu, history and Yeongju. Living a life of "spare money is like a scholar's thin book" seems to be a long-term exemption, and it seems to be a hard life. The hero of "Ma Shou Liangzhou" in "Idle Residence" is like a monk in the forest, so he is closer to Qu Yuan who was exiled for slander. This poem, written in the first year of Xichun (1 174), was written after leaving Zhou Shu, in order to make a general statement, that is, to express one's hatred for the country through homesickness. The "light-picking" and "sentence" in the first couplet seem ordinary, but in fact they are the key to understanding the whole poem. The poets in this couplet only say that the songs of Chu are "not bullied by me", and the third sentence uses the meaning of this sentence in Nine Treatises on Songs of Chu. "Don't bully me" should refer to the poem lamenting drifting in Chu Ci. This understanding is naturally good, because the injured journey is described below the second sentence of this article, and it is also an important theme of the whole poem. However, if we study the words "light" and "sentence", then we may go further. The poem "Light Up", of course, has been read for a long time, so what I read is by no means a chapter in Chu Ci; When we say "sentence by sentence" again, we know that those who don't bully us don't just mean "climbing mountains and wading" On the contrary, the main spirit of "sentence by sentence" runs through Chu ci-caring about the fate of the country, accusing the powerful of betraying the country and dissatisfied with being expelled. It should also be what Yan Yu said in his heart in "Cang Hua". Write a poem. Lu You's poems connect homesickness with the worries and grievances in Chu Ci in the way of "quoting without sending", which is not only meaningful and intriguing in form, but also far exceeds the general wanderers' yearning for their hometown and the failure of people with lofty ideals to meet. Wang Shizhen's "Yi Yan Yuan Yan", Volume 4, said: "Poetry is not only authentic, but also a person called' the vast number of educators' by the ancients. Yu Changqing has a man named Bai Letian; In the first year, he was rich and called Su Zizhan. After crossing the south, I got a man named military attache Lu: I was mentally prepared for his situation. " It can be said that Lu You's juxtaposition with Bai Juyi and Su Shi is well deserved. The Seven Laws of Lu You are highly praised by predecessors. Shen Deqian said: "At that time, there was nothing better than this. When the seven-character law came out, the confrontation was neat, and this matter was certain." Liu Kezhuang even said: "The duality of goodness of the ancients is endless. "The four sentences in the middle of this poem are not only cordial, natural and practical, but also rich in meaning. Although Mountain Climbing by the Waterfront and Wandering at Home are written in the same way, the former focuses on long-distance travel while the latter focuses on wandering. One sentence uses "place" and the other uses "time", which highlights the author's feelings about travel from two aspects: space and time. Even the use of function words such as "more comparable" and "exactly the same" reveals the poet's inner world that he has been unbearable (meaning more comparable, less comparable and less comparable) and has to continue to send tourists away. The "guest hate" in the neck couplet refers to the first couplet, which should be related to the hate contained in the "sentence" of Chu ci; Return takes care of couplets, and at the same time it is a further deepening of Huaiwuzhong. " Ba wine "can't eliminate hatred, indicating that old grievances still exist;" When the "Shu witch" returned empty-handed, new enemies were added. In addition, although "1989" and "Shu Wu" are common idioms in previous poems, the author was in Chengdu at that time and used them appropriately. The idea of leaving the first six sentences at the end is unique. Ever since I met Wuzhong in Shuchuan, I felt that no one in Wuzhong missed me. The contrast between the two shows the loneliness and pain thousands of miles away. In writing, this couplet has two meanings: one is to use the sound of "Liu" to close "Liu" and clearly write about the nostalgia for Wuzhong-this is a common usage in ancient poetry; One is to use Baqiao to close Kyoto (Baqiao is on Bashui, 30 miles east of Chang 'an), suggesting that no one in the imperial court appreciates his talent-this is the unique feature of this paper.