The new curriculum standard requires junior high school students (grades 7-9) to have Chinese ability:
Literacy and writing
1. Can skillfully use dictionaries and read independently, and can use a variety of word retrieval methods. Accumulate knowledge of commonly used Chinese characters
3,500, of which about 3,000 can write.
2. On the basis of skilled use of hard pen to write block letters, learn to write standard and popular block letters and improve the writing level.
Speed.
3. Copy famous calligraphy and experience the aesthetic value of calligraphy.
2. Reading
1. Can read correctly, fluently and emotionally in Mandarin.
2. Get into the habit of reading silently, and read at least 500 words of ordinary modern literature every minute at a certain speed.
3. Skillfully use skimming browsing method to expand reading range and broaden horizons.
4. On the basis of reading through the text, clear your mind, understand the main content, appreciate and scrutinize the important words in the language.
The significance and function of language environment.
5. Have your own experience in the content and expression of the text, be able to put forward your own opinions and questions, and be able to use combinations.
By the way, with a discussion of difficult problems.
6. Understand the narrative, description, explanation, discussion, lyricism and other expressions in reading.
7. Be able to distinguish between real works and fictional works and understand literary styles such as poetry, prose, novels and dramas.
8. Appreciating literary works, you can have your own emotional experience, get a preliminary understanding of the connotation of the works, and gain self-awareness from it.
Beneficial enlightenment from nature, society and life. The ideological and emotional tendency of the works can be evaluated in connection with the cultural background; Be able to tell his own experience of touching situations and images in his works; Taste the expressive language in the works.
9. Read scientific and technological works and pay attention to understanding the scientific spirit and scientific thinking method embodied in the works.
10. Read simple argumentative essays and distinguish between opinions and materials (truth, facts, data, charts, etc.). ), find the connection between ideas and materials, and make judgments through your own thinking.
1 1. Read ancient poems, and consciously improve your appreciation taste and aesthetic taste through accumulation, perception and application.
12. Simple classical Chinese, able to understand the basic content with notes and reference books, and able to recite 80 excellent poems.
13. Understand basic grammar knowledge to help understand language difficulties; Understand the commonly used rhetorical methods and realize their expressive effect in the text. Understand the works knowledge and cultural common sense of the important writers involved in this article.
14. Be able to use the library and network to collect the information and materials you need.
15. Learn to make your own reading plan, read a wide range of books, with a total reading of not less than 2.6 million words, and read two or three famous books every academic year.
(3) Writing
1. Consider different purposes and objects when writing.
2. Writing should be sincere and try to express your unique feelings and real experiences.
3. Observe life from multiple angles, discover the richness of life, capture the characteristics of things, and strive for creative expression.
4. According to the expression center, choose the appropriate expression; Arrange the order and details of the content reasonably and express your meaning clearly; Use association and imagination to enrich the content of expression.
5. Write a narrative to be specific; Write a simple explanation; Write a simple argumentative essay, and strive to be justified; Write daily practical articles according to the needs of life.
6. Be able to extract the main information from the article and abbreviate it; Be able to continue writing according to the internal connection of the article and your own reasonable imagination; You can change the style or expression of the article and rewrite it.
7. Have the consciousness of independent writing, and pay attention to collecting materials, conceiving, drafting an outline, modifying and processing in the writing process.
8. Develop the habit of revising your own composition. When revising, you can use the sense of language and common sense of grammar and rhetoric to make the text orderly. You can exchange your writing experience with others, evaluate and revise your composition with each other, so as to share your feelings and exchange opinions.
9. Be able to use common punctuation correctly.
10. Generally, the composition is not less than10.4 million words per academic year, and other writing exercises are not less than10.4 million words. You can finish no less than 500 words in 45 minutes.
Oral communication
1. Be able to pay attention to objects and occasions and learn to communicate in a civilized and decent way.
2. Listen patiently and intently, and understand each other's views and intentions according to their words, expressions and gestures.
3. Express your opinions confidently and responsibly, with clear thinking, clear organization and no digression.
4. Pay attention to expression and tone, and make your speech infectious and convincing.
5. In the process of communication, you can adjust your expression content and way according to your needs, and constantly improve your coping ability.
6. Tell stories with concrete content and vivid language. Repeat, complete and accurate, and highlight the main points.
7. Be able to make impromptu speeches and prepared keynote speeches on appropriate topics, have their own opinions and have certain persuasiveness.
8. Discuss problems inside and outside the classroom, actively express opinions, be centered, organized and well-founded. Be able to listen to the focus of discussion and express opinions in a targeted manner.
Comprehensive learning
1. Be able to organize literary activities independently and experience the joy of cooperation and success in the process of running journals, performances, discussions and other activities.
2. Be able to ask questions of interest in study and life, discuss with each other, choose research topics, make simple research plans, obtain relevant information from newspapers, books or other media, discuss and analyze problems, and write simple research reports independently or cooperatively.
3. Care about major events at home and abroad, collect information, investigate and visit, discuss hot issues of common concern with each other, and show learning results with words, charts, pictures and photos.
4. Master the basic methods of retrieving and quoting materials, and distinguish the main differences between original materials and indirect materials; Learn to indicate the source of quoted materials.
Interpretation of the new curriculum standard of junior middle school Chinese
Subject characteristics
The unity of instrumentality and humanism. The instrumentality of Chinese curriculum comes from the communicative function of Chinese, and the humanity comes from the fact that Chinese is an integral part of human culture. Instrumentality focuses on what students should learn and how to learn, while humanism focuses on cultivating students' humanistic quality. The extension of Chinese is equal to the extension of life, and it is the only heavy industry that can be used for a long time in life, even affecting career and family.
Curriculum idea
1. Really improve students' Chinese literacy
Chinese literacy takes Chinese ability as the core, which is the integration of Chinese ability with Chinese knowledge, language accumulation, thoughts and feelings, thinking quality, aesthetic taste, learning methods and habits. Chinese literacy is not only manifested in strong literacy, writing, reading, composition and oral communication skills, but also in strong comprehensive use of Chinese logical thinking ability-the ability to use Chinese well in life.
2. Correctly grasp the characteristics of Chinese education
Chinese learning mainly depends not on imparting knowledge and revealing laws, but on understanding and acquiring in a large number of colorful Chinese practices, and gradually mastering the laws of the use of language and characters. Chinese teaching should emphasize the integration of listening, speaking, reading, writing, practice, accumulation and edification, and constantly improve the comprehensive application ability through repeated practice. The formation of students' Chinese literacy ability is generally shaped in junior high school, and reading speed is the most obvious embodiment.
3. Actively advocate independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods.
Contrast between old and new
1. The return of Chinese nature and function: attach importance to ideology and instrumentality, weaken ideology, and emphasize the unity of humanity and instrumentality.
2. The change of Chinese teaching concept: from content analysis to language sense accumulation. When designing teaching objectives, Chinese teachers must implement the goal of cultivating Chinese literacy, which is the key to ensure the taste of Chinese in Chinese classes. In teaching, we should put the relationship between text analysis and students' perception right, or put wonderful things in place. We should not completely exclude analysis, but take analysis as a means to help students understand, not an end. However, we are firmly opposed to trivial analysis of the text. The overall perception is by no means equal to the theme first, and there are some problems in the way of theme first, because the relationship between deduction and induction in the logical relationship of classroom teaching should be handled well. According to the law of thinking development, inductive teaching is superior to deductive teaching. We can imagine that the central government's intention is clear, and reanalysis is not a waste of time.
3. The shift of the focus of Chinese teaching: from emphasizing the acceptance of information to emphasizing the collection, screening, integration, processing and generation of information (more reflection is needed to find faults in the teaching materials). Attach importance to China's experience and practice from the perspective of knowledge-centeredness.
4. Advocating learning methods: from passive acceptance to independence, cooperation and inquiry. Simple summary is "dialogue (discussion)".
5. Development and activation of curriculum resources: from classroom center to social life. The selection of new textbooks is closer to students' age and life reality, and there are more articles to choose from. Teachers and students can participate in the development of courses independently and give students the right to "learn what"; Schools and teachers should have the right to choose their own textbooks; Teachers should have the autonomy to develop Chinese educational resources; Students should have an interactive relationship with the course text, rather than passively accepting "textbooks already compiled by others". Chinese teachers should put themselves in the position of equal dialogue with students and be the guide of equal dialogue. Teaching content should absorb students' experience and consider students' interests, hobbies, thirst for knowledge and spirit of inquiry. Teachers should not regard the whole teaching process as a one-to-one interpretation of the established teaching plans, but should adjust the established teaching plans in time according to the students' responses.
Dialogue awareness has penetrated into teachers' minds, but it cannot be narrowly understood as a discussion between teachers and students or between students. Classroom teaching can not only focus on how to teach, but also on the exploration of teaching methods or forms, and more on the reconstruction of teaching content and teaching content.
6. Compared with the old one, the new one emphasizes that China people should be inspired by communication, activities, situations and inquiry.
7. The new textbook emphasizes listening, oral expression and communicative writing more than the old textbook.
8. In the past, the teaching requirements were put forward from the aspects of Chinese knowledge and ability, while the new curriculum standard clearly and systematically put forward three dimensions of learning objectives and learning habits.
9. Put forward "Chinese comprehensive learning", which is more practical and practical. Personal opinions and comprehensive learning activities of Chinese are mostly used to collect and accumulate, form habits, extend after class and stimulate interest, which is not suitable for open classes.
20 10- 12-08