People's Education Press
First, the interpretation of teaching materials
1. Short text.
This is an intensive reading text. The article is about a father and two children looking at poplars outside the window on the train to Xinjiang. With the help of poplars, the author enthusiastically eulogized the great ambition and dedication of frontier builders to obey the needs of the motherland, take root in the frontier and build the frontier.
The writer's writing is fresh and smooth, and the characters are vivid. This paper starts with trees and people, and begins with children's arguments about poplars, which leads to dad's introduction to the characteristics of poplars, expressing his ambition by holding things and describing people with things; Then I wrote about my father's desire to take root in the frontier by using poplars, hoping that his children could also become frontier builders. In the author's description and narration, these selfless builders were not directly praised, but the tall and graceful poplars on the Gobi gradually merged with the image of builders rooted in the frontier. Poplar outside the window-tall and straight in the vast Gobi; Poplar in my father's eyes-regardless of the environment, regardless of difficulties and dangers, thrive; Poplar in my father's heart is the embodiment of frontier builders who are rooted in the frontier and selfless dedication.
The author's character description is very vivid, describing the father and son both in language and manner. Children are naive, but fathers are serious but kind. In psychological description, it is very implicit, without too much direct narration, but with the expression of God, the artistic conception is far-reaching, and the emotional waves are reflected through the changes of expressions.
Select this text, first, let students continue to learn the methods of mastering the main content of the text, contact the context and understand profound sentences; The second is to understand how words describe people with things and praise frontier builders; The third is to further deepen the understanding of the western region.
The teaching focus of this course is to understand the internal quality of poplar through its external characteristics; The difficulty lies in understanding the writing method and the similarities and differences between some characteristics of trees and some qualities of people.
2. Text analysis.
Understanding of (1) sentence.
Poplar trees are always so straight. Where it is needed, it will quickly take root and sprout and grow thick branches. It is always so straight, so strong, not weak, and never wavers, regardless of wind, sand, rain, snow, drought and flood.
This passage is a typical metaphor sentence. With the related words "where ... where ..." and "no matter ... no matter ... always ...", the author described the poplar trees in Gobi in one go. On the one hand, it describes the external characteristics of poplar, which is tall and graceful, can resist any natural disasters and thrive in any environment; On the one hand, it shows the spirit of poplar: first, it is loyal, selfless and conscientious; The second is not afraid of difficulties, strong and persistent. This is the unique contribution of frontier builders, who listen to the arrangement of the motherland, take root in the frontier without regrets and selflessly build the frontier. This is the similarity between man and tree, and it is also the connection point of metaphor to man.
Did dad just introduce poplars to the children? No, he is also expressing his own feelings.
This is a rhetorical question. Confess and explain. A word "leaf" means that when dad says a tree, he says a person. Dad saw the tall poplars on the Gobi desert and was moved by the scene before him. He encouraged himself with poplars and expressed his ambition to support things. Encourage yourself to take root in the frontier like poplars and build the frontier, not to be weak and unshakable. His confession is an admirable contribution of countless frontier builders.
Suddenly, a smile floated around his mouth, because he saw the right side of the train, next to a tall poplar tree, several small trees were growing up against the wind and sand.
At the end of the article, the author once again uses things to express people's voices through the change of his father's expression. Dad himself has taken root in the frontier and devoted himself to it. He hopes that his children will be cultivated like small trees and become the pillars of frontier construction. It embodies the broad mind of the older generation of pioneers in the west who "gave their youth and children all their lives".
(2) Understanding of words.
Muddy yellow: all are muddy yellow, with no boundaries. The article refers to the harsh natural environment in Gobi. There are no mountains, no water, no people, only yellow sand all over the sky, and even the boundaries between heaven and earth are unclear.
Tall and graceful: tall and straight, tall and beautiful beyond average. This article is used to describe the poplars on the vast Gobi desert. It is amazing that they can grow so tall in such a harsh natural environment.
Second, the teaching objectives
1. Learn the six new words in this lesson, and correctly read and write the words "Gobi, clear, muddy yellow, tall and straight, big umbrella, touching, introduction, frontier and falling into".
2. Read the text with emotion and recite the paragraph where Dad introduced poplar.
3. Grasp the key sentences, connect with the context, and understand the characteristics of poplar and dad's wishes.
4. The writing characteristics of experiential metaphor.
Third, teaching suggestions
1. Students can learn about Xinjiang builders before class, for example, soldiers of production and construction corps, border guards and other personnel involved in Xinjiang construction. Students can also consult relevant materials, literary works, watch relevant film and television materials, pictures and so on. Understand the hard living and working environment at that time and feel the great ambition of the builders when they developed the western regions.
2. When reading, students should be guided to first perceive the content of the text as a whole and grasp the clues of the author's writing. Ask the students to read the text silently, talk about what this article is about, and draw a sentence directly describing and talking about poplars in the picture, knowing that the author takes poplars as a clue, from seeing poplars outside the window on the westbound train to discussing the characteristics of poplars and dad expressing his ambition through poplars, and finally the picture returns to the poplars outside the window. So as to grasp the main content of the text and initially perceive the symbolic significance of poplar.
3. The teaching focus of this paper is to guide students to deeply understand some profound sentences in the text and feel the spirit of Xinjiang builders rooted in the frontier and selfless dedication. Let the students read by themselves first, draw sentences that they think are profound and intriguing, and study them again and again; Then communicate with the whole class in the group and realize how the image of the tree and the image of the person are combined into one.
Such as these sayings: "Poplar trees have always been so straight. Where it is needed, it will quickly take root and sprout and grow thick branches. No matter whether it encounters wind, rain, snow, drought or flood, it is always so straight, so strong, not weak and unshakable. " "Dad just introduced the poplar to the children? No, he is also expressing his own voice. " "They are needed here, and they take root here." "Suddenly, there was a smile on his mouth, because he saw the right side of the train, next to a tall poplar tree, several small trees were growing up against the wind and sand." For these sentences, we should contact the context, study them repeatedly, understand them and copy them down. In the discussion and reading aloud, I gradually realized that in the vast Gobi without mountains, water and people, poplar trees took root here, grew tall and upright, and became unshakable "Gobi guards"; In some western regions with backward economy and culture, poor living conditions and poor natural environment, builders gave up their hometown with relatively superior conditions in all aspects, and took root here generation after generation and dedicated their youth. They are strong and unyielding "Xinjiang warriors". They also don't choose the environment and don't talk about conditions. Where do you need to settle down? Trees are like people, and people are like trees. The images of the two are superimposed together, thus realizing the characteristics of the article in expression.
This article is also very distinctive in the description of characters. Through a few short conversations between brother and sister, different personality characteristics are highlighted. The description of dad captures the change of expression to secretly write about his psychological changes, ambitions and wishes. The first time was "trance" and "meditation", because I saw the tall and graceful poplar trees outside the window, thought of the environment, thought of myself and my comrades, and was thinking about it; The second time was "smiling", because it was naive to hear children arguing about poplars; The third time was "earnest" because he told the children about the characteristics of poplar. Although the children still don't understand it, the essence is to express people's feelings and ambitions through trees. The fourth time was "lost in thought again", and the tree thought of the child from itself and the future of the child; The last time was to "float a smile", thinking that children would also take root in the frontier and feel gratified to have successors in their careers.
5. We should strengthen the guidance and evaluation of reading aloud, and further understand the spirit of the characters through reading aloud. Read more important paragraphs and read your feelings. You can read aloud in different roles to reveal the psychological activities of the characters when reading aloud, such as the innocence of children, the changes of dad's expression and psychology, and the persuasion in seriousness and kindness. Through various forms of reading aloud, let the characters come alive.
Talk about poplars with my father, guide students to master relevant vocabulary, and experience the praise of poplars and the great ambition of frontier builders. Recite on the basis of many emotional reading materials, and then use these words to talk about other trees, such as pine, birch and ginkgo; Finally, let the students write a few sentences with these words to praise the builders or defenders of the motherland like Dad, such as road builders, geologists, construction workers, young volunteers, soldiers and so on.
6. Remind students to pay attention to the glyphs of some new words in word teaching. For example, the word "Xinjiang" should not be lost, and it should be distinguished from "rigidity" in meaning; The stroke order at the lower right of the word "trap" is left, vertical, horizontal, horizontal folding, horizontal and horizontal.
7. Reading the couplet "Tent" is the work of the famous poet Ai Qing. This poem is harmonious and catchy, which is an expansion of text learning. Students can think about who "we" who take tents as their home and what qualities these people have while reading, so as to realize that geological team members, like construction workers and frontier builders, have the dedication to obeying needs and building the motherland. Practice reading aloud with emotion.
Teachers can also recommend reading books for students, such as Praise of Poplar by Mao Dun, Litchi Honey by Yang Shuo and Pine Style by Tao Zhu. Let the students read after class and further experience the writing method of metaphor.
Fourth, teaching cases.
Fragments:
Experience a meaningful sentence.
Teacher: Please read the text by yourself and tell me what you know about poplars.
Health: I know poplars are straight. Where it is needed, it takes root and grows rapidly.
Teacher: Have you learned the introduction from Dad? (Show sentence: Poplar trees are always so straight. Where it is needed, it will quickly take root and sprout and grow thick branches. It is always so straight, so strong, not weak, and never wavers, regardless of wind, sand, rain, snow, drought and flood. ) Let's read these sentences.
Student: (free reading)
Teacher: Please read the natural paragraph of 1-3 silently, draw words and experience the growing environment of poplar.
Health: (after reading) It grows on the vast Gobi, where there are no mountains, no water and no people. There is hardly any life.
Health: The world there is muddy and yellow, and sand and stones are often flying, and the wind is blowing everywhere.
Teacher: (Demonstration pictures or courseware) It is dry all the year round here, and sandstorms often appear. A sandstorm covers the sky, which is simply a forbidden area of life. But in this big Gobi, there is a little green, that is, tall and graceful poplars. Please read dad's introduction again.
Health: (re-read)
Teacher: (Repeat the sentence: Poplar is always so straight. Where it is needed, it will quickly take root and sprout and grow thick branches. Imagine, where else can poplars grow? Please try to fill it out and read it to everyone.
Health: Poplar trees are always so straight. Our campus needs it, and it quickly takes root and sprouts here, growing thick branches.
Health: Poplar trees are always so straight. Urban greening streets need it, where it quickly takes root and sprouts and grows thick branches.
Health: Poplar trees are always so straight. The frontier of the motherland needs it, where it quickly takes root and sprouts and grows thick branches.
Health: Poplar trees are always so straight. It is needed at the edge of the desert, where it quickly takes root and sprouts and grows thick branches.
Teacher: Indeed, no matter in cities or villages, mountainous areas or Gobi, wherever it is needed, it will quickly take root and sprout and grow thick branches. It is always so straight, so strong, not weak, and never wavers, regardless of wind and sand, rain and snow, drought and flood!
What else do you know about poplars?
Health: very strong, not afraid of any natural disasters.
Teacher: (Read the first half of the sentence to the students and the second half to the students)
The sandstorm that covers the sun is coming, still so straight, so strong, not weak and unwavering.
The endless flood has come, still so straight, so strong, not weak and unshakable.
The drought that lasted for several months has come, and it is still so straight, so strong, not weak and unwavering.
The hail the size of a fist is coming, still so straight, so strong, not weak and unshakable.
Teacher: Poplar is so strong in character and tenacious in vitality. Let's read it and try to recite it.
Health: (Becky)
Teacher: Was Dad just introducing poplars? No, he's still expressing his heart. Please read the book again and talk about your understanding.
Health: Dad also wants to be filial under his parents' knees. Seeing poplars strengthened his heart to take root in the frontier.
Health: He also hopes that his children will receive a good education in developed areas, but he also hopes that his children can become frontier builders like himself.
Health: Dad is still calling on more people, like poplars, to become pillars of talent where needed.
Teacher: That's true. Although the children still don't understand, through reading, we realized dad's heart, as strong as poplar, not weak and unshakable. Let's recite what dad said again.
Health: (Becky)
Verb (abbreviation for verb) related links
Yuan Ying, 1924, a native of Huai 'an, Jiangsu. Contemporary famous poet, children's writer and essayist. Formerly known as Tian Fuchun, he was renamed Tian after joining the work. /kloc-0 joined the China * * * production party in July, 945. 1947 graduated from Zhijiang University. He has been a reporter and editor of World Morning News, Lianhe Evening News and Xinmin Daily. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as editor of the People's Liberation Army Daily and deputy director of the Literature and Art Department of People's Daily. He is the author of novella When I was Young, children's literature Tintin Traveling in Beijing, When the bonfire was burning, Colorful Fantasy, Defending the Red Scarf, Five Letters, I want to wear the red scarf, etc. Prose collections North and South of the Red River, The First Spark, The Tenth Spring, Navigation, The Torch of Africa, and poetry collections. This article is selected from Sail, with some changes.
After the establishment of the New China of Xinjiang Construction Corps, the first generation of leading collective of the CPC Central Committee headed by Mao Zedong had a clear understanding of Xinjiang's history, geography, humanistic environment and economic backwardness. Focusing on the security and unity of the motherland and the unity and progress of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, they were far-sighted. In 1950, they ordered the Xinjiang People's Liberation Army to turn swords into plows and launch a large-scale production campaign. 17? 50,000 officers and men changed jobs on the spot, set up a production and construction corps, and served as the mission entrusted by the central authorities to open up fields and defend the border.
On the basis of demobilized officers and soldiers, the Corps brought together college graduates and young adults in urban and rural areas from all over the country. According to the principle of "not competing with the people for profits", it worked hard to transform the ancient wasteland into a mechanized and large-scale farm on the edge of water plants in the north and south of Tianshan Mountain and a thousand miles bordering Su Meng. Modern industry, construction industry, transportation industry and commercial circulation industry have been newly established, and social undertakings such as science and technology, education, culture, health and sports have been developed.
The practice of nearly 50 years has proved that the existence and development of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is conducive to safeguarding national security and unity and promoting the unity and progress of people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, which is not only the need of the highest interests of the country and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation, but also an important guarantee for realizing the prosperity and national rejuvenation of the motherland.