The original text of Bai Juyi's Preface to Pipa.
In the tenth year of Yuanhe, Yu moved to Sima, Jiujiang County. Next autumn, I will send a guest to Pukou, and I will hear those pipa players in the middle of the night. Listen to its voice, there is the voice of Kyoto. Ask him, Ben Chang 'an advocates women, learns from Mu and Cao. Old age is fading, and I am committed to being a wife. Then he ordered wine and asked Aauto Quicker to play some songs. When I was young, I told myself my happiness. Now I am wandering outside, unhappy, and fighting in the rivers and lakes. After two years as an official, I feel at ease and feel that I have moved towards the future. Because of the long sentences, I gave them songs, all of which were 6 16 words. Life is called pipa xing.
In the evening, I bid farewell to a guest on Xunyang River. Maple leaves and mature rushes rustle in autumn.
I, the host, have dismounted, my guest has boarded his boat, and we raise our cups, hoping to drink-but, alas, there is no music.
Although we drank a lot of wine, we were not happy. When we were leaving each other, the river mysteriously widened in the direction of the full moon.
We heard a sudden sound, a guitar crossed the water, the host forgot to go home and the guests left.
We followed the direction of the melody and asked the player's name, and the voice was interrupted ... and then she reluctantly answered.
We moved the boat closer to hers, invited her to join us, and summoned more wine and lanterns to start our party again.
However, before she came to us, we called a thousand times and urged her for a thousand times, but she still hid half of her face behind her guitar from us.
... she turned the tuning pin and tested several strings, and even before she played, we could feel her feelings.
Every string is a kind of meditation, and every note is a kind of deep thinking, as if she were telling us the pain of her life.
She frowned, bent her fingers, and then started her music, letting her heart share everything with us bit by bit.
She brushed the strings, slowly twisted, swept and plucked, first the air in the rainbow skirt, then the six small ones.
Big strings hum like rain, and small strings whisper like secrets.
Humming, whispering-and then mixing together, like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade.
Between Guan Ying's words, the bottom of the flower is slippery, so you can't swallow the spring scenery and flow under the ice.
The ice spring is cold and astringent, and the strings condense, and the condensation will never stop.
The depth of sadness and the hiding of sadness are more told in silence than in voice.
A silver vase suddenly burst, pouring out a stream of water, jumping out of the conflict and blow between armored horses and weapons.
Before she put down the pick, her stroke was over, and all four strings made a sound, just like tearing silk.
The east ship was silent, and the west ship was silent. We saw the white autumn moon entering the river.
She tied it thoughtfully on the rope, stood up and smoothed her clothes, serious and polite.
Tell us how she spent her girlhood in the capital and lived in her parents' house in Toad Hill.
She mastered the guitar at the age of thirteen, and her name ranked first in the list of musicians.
Her art even attracted the appreciation of experts, and her beauty attracted the envy of all major dancers.
How did the aristocratic youths in Wuling compete generously? Countless red silks were given to a song.
The silver comb inlaid with shells was broken by her rhythm, and the bloody skirt was stained with wine.
Season after season, joy followed, and neither the autumn moon nor the spring breeze attracted her attention.
Until her brother went to war, and then her aunt died, and the night passed, and the night came, and her beauty disappeared.
Lengma was at the door, so at last she gave her wife to a businessman.
Who, first of all, stole money, accidentally left her and went to Fuliang to buy tea a month ago.
She has been taking care of an empty boat in the estuary, with no companions except the bright moon and cold water.
Sometimes in the middle of the night, she dreams of her victory and is awakened from her dream by her hot tears.
Her first guitar note made me sigh. Now, after listening to her story, I feel even sadder.
We were all unhappy until the end of the day, when we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? !
A year ago, I left the capital and came here. Now I am a sick Jiujiang exile.
Jiujiang is so far away that I haven't heard music, neither strings nor bamboo sounds for a whole year.
My residence is near the town by the river, low and humid, and the house is surrounded by bitter reeds and yellow rushes.
What can you hear here in the morning and evening? ? The cuckoo's bleeding cry, the ape's sobbing.
I often pick up the wine and drink it alone in the spring morning with flowers and the autumn night with moonlight.
Of course, there are folk songs and bagpipes in the village, but they are rough and harsh, and they are harsh in my ears.
Tonight, when I heard you playing the guitar, I felt that my hearing was illuminated by wonderful music.
Don't leave us. Come, sit down. Play it for us again. Translate the travel notes of pipa for you.
... she was moved by my words, stood there for a while, and then sat down to play her strings-they sounded even sadder.
Although the tune was different from what she had played before, all the listeners covered their faces.
But which of them cried the most? ? This Jiujiang official. My blue sleeves are wet.
Bai Juyi's Translation of Pipa Travel
In the tenth year of Yuanhe, he was demoted to Sima of Jiujiang County. The following autumn, I sent my guests to Songpukou. At night, I heard a pipa player on the boat, listening to the sound of pipa, jingling, with the charm of Beijing dialect. The man who plays the pipa turned out to be a geisha in Chang 'an. He studied under two masters, Mu and Cao. He was old and frail, and married a businessman. I ordered my men to set the wine and let her play some music happily. After the play, her face was sad. She told the story of her happy life when she was young, saying that now she is wandering, suffering and wandering around. I went out to Beijing to be an official for two years, and I lived very calmly and comfortably. I was moved by her words and felt the humiliation of being an official that night. So I wrote this seven-character poem, recited it to her and gave it to her. The whole poem * * * 6 16 words, titled Pipa Xing.
One night in autumn, I sent my friend to Xunyang River.
Maple leaves and reed flowers are ringing in the autumn wind.
My friend and I got off the horse and boarded the ship that was about to travel.
Raise a glass and drink, but unfortunately there is no geisha around.
Drunk, still not fun, so sad when leaving,
I saw the rising moon immersed in the boundless river.
Suddenly, the pipa sounded on the river.
Forgetting to go home, my friend is not in the mood to sail.
We explored where the pipa sound came from and asked in a low voice who played it.
The pipa stopped, but the player tried to say it but didn't answer.
We rowed in a hurry and invited the pipa players to meet each other.
Fill up the wine, turn on the lights, and have a feast again.
After waiting for a long time, the pipa girl came shyly.
He held the pipa and covered half of her face.
She turned the spindle and gently tried it three or two times.
Before it became a tune, it revealed infinite affection.
She played a low and melancholy tone with hidden fingering,
Her voice was sad and thoughtful, as if telling her life's misfortunes.
She is natural and graceful, writes freely and plays constantly.
It seems that the infinite pain buried deep inside comes out.
She tapped the strings, manipulated them slowly, wiped them skillfully and fiddled with them.
Play the famous song "Colorful Feather" first, and then the dance music "Six Yao".
The big strings are noisy, and the sound is heavy and long, like a shower.
Small strings cut, the voice is urgent and thin, like a whisper.
It was she who alternately plucked the big string and the small string,
The sound is round and clear, just like large and small beads falling on a jade plate.
The tone is light and smooth, like an oriole crowing among flowers.
Suddenly become painful and closed, just like Koizumi stuck under the ice.
The tone is getting deeper and deeper, and the strings seem to condense and cut off.
It was cold and quiet around, and all the sounds stopped for a while.
Pipa girl once again poured out a piece of resentment hidden in her heart.
Although there is no sound at this time, it is better than sound.
Suddenly, the strings played quickly, making a crisp and majestic sound.
Like a silver bottle broken, water slurry splashed, like an iron horse galloping, a sword whistling.
When the music was finished, I suddenly scratched in the middle of the pipa groove with my pick.
The four strings chime, as sharp and clear as a tear.
The people around the big and small ships were silent, and they were fascinated.
Only the autumn moon on the river is exceptionally bright.
Pipa girl is full of worries, awkward and puts the plectrum on the string.
Dressed up, stood up and restrained the excited expression on her face.
She said, I am a singer in Beijing.
I live near Qujiang, Chang 'an District, Ling Ran.
I learned to play the pipa when I was thirteen.
My name is in the first part of Jiao Fang.
Playing a tune often makes the pipa master admire him deeply.
Dressing up is always inevitable for beautiful women to be jealous.
Grandson, scrambling to give me property and gifts,
A piece of music won numerous red prizes.
Hair combs inlaid with gold and jade are often broken by the time of singing and beating.
Red skirts are often stained by wine spilled at parties.
Year after year, time slipped away in laughter,
So much for the good old days.
Later, my brother joined the army and my sister died unfortunately.
As time goes on, I get older and look worse.
Since then, no one cares about the door, and the prince and grandson rarely come.
When I am old, I have no choice but to marry a businessman.
Businessmen love money like life, but they don't know the pain of husband and wife leaving.
Last month, I went to Fuliang to buy tea.
He left, leaving me alone with an empty bow,
Only the bright moon covers the hull, and the cold river is accompanied by sorrow.
I suddenly dreamed of that incident in the middle of the night.
Cry in dreams, tears wash flour.
Listening to her play the pipa made me sigh.
I was deeply moved by her story.
She and I are strangers living in this world,
If you meet by chance, you can speak your mind, then why have you known each other for a long time?
I left Chang 'an Dijing last year,
I am sick and live in the ancient city of Xunyang.
Xunyang is a remote place, and there is no music appreciation.
I haven't heard orchestral strings all year round.
My home is beside the Ganjiang River, and the ground is wet.
Reed and bitter bamboo are everywhere around the house.
What did you hear there day and night?
Only crying cuckoos and apes.
Whenever there is a beautiful morning and night in Chunjiang and Qiuhe,
I often take out my wine and pour myself a glass.
Folk songs and flutes came from time to time.
But it's messy and complicated, and it's ugly.
Hearing your pipa music tonight,
As if listening to Yue Xian's words, my ears suddenly became bright.
Please don't refuse, sit down and play another song for me.
I will write a lyric Pipa for you according to the tune.
She was deeply moved by my words and stood for a long time without saying anything.
Sit back and tighten the strings, and the melody becomes more complicated and urgent.
I feel sad and sad, which is very different from what I just played.
Everyone around us is very sad, they are Lacrimosa.
If you ask who shed the most tears in the middle,
Jiangzhou Sima, tears are wet.
Appreciation of Bai Juyi's Preface to Pipa
Pipa Trip was written in the autumn of the 11th year of Yuanhe (AD 8 16). Bai Juyi was forty-five years old and was appointed as Jiangzhou Sima. Bai Juyi was first left to collect the remains ten years ago, and then he was left to be a doctor. In June of the 10th year of Yuanhe, the forces of the Tang Dynasty sent assassins to stab Prime Minister Wu and imperial envoy Pei Du at the head of Chang 'an Avenue, which caused great controversy in the ruling and opposition parties. A spokesman for the North Korean buffer zone forces further demanded that Pei Du be cleared to protect the buffer zone? Tails? Heart. At this time, Bai Juyi stepped forward and insisted on recruiting thieves, thinking that otherwise the country would not be a country. Bai Juyi's idea is right, but because he always writes allegorical poems and offends many powerful people in the imperial court, some people say that he is a humble official and oversteps his authority. Plus someone accused him of being Luo Zhi, so he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. Jiangzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province. Sima is an assistant to the secretariat, which sounds good, but in fact this position was specially put in the middle Tang Dynasty? Crime? Officials were sent to a place in disguise for supervision and supervision. This incident had a great influence on Bai Juyi and was a turning point in his ideological transformation. Since then, his early fighting spirit has gradually worn away and his negative emotions have increased.
Pipa Travel was written in the second year of his relegation to Jiangzhou. By describing the pipa girl's superb acting skills and bleak life experience, the work expresses the author's personal frustration and sadness at her political blow and relegation. Here, the poet regards a female advocate as his confidante, sharing joys and sorrows with her, writing about others, crying about others, ups and downs in the official sea, and life is sad and integrated, thus making his works have unusual appeal.
The preface introduces the time and place of the story told in the long poem, the pipa girl and the origin of the author's writing this poem. In fact, it has simply summarized the basic content of this long poem. Left shift: refers to demotion and official demotion. Ganpukou: where Ganshui meets the Yangtze River, in the west of Jiujiang City. Kyoto Tone: The charm of Chang 'an, the capital, refers to the regional characteristics and superb acting skills of the tunes, which are not available in ordinary places. Good talent: used to address pipa players in the Tang Dynasty. Order wine: send someone to prepare the banquet. Poor, sad look. Nature: the appearance of happiness. Relocation: refers to the sorrow of being exiled. The author said that he was exiled to Jiujiang for a year and was happy every day. Only today, he listened to the pipa girl's performance, which aroused his sorrow in exile. This statement is necessary for writing an article, and readers will certainly not believe him. Long sentence: refers to seven-character ancient poems.
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