First of all, we can start with their definitions and characteristics.
The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, including poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (1 1 century to the 6th century). It is mainly composed of four words, and generally adopts the method of "going to Fu Bi", which is full of realism.
Songs of the Chu is a unique form of poetry, which originated in the State of Chu and was created by Qu Yuan, a doctor in the State of Chu during the Warring States Period. It is mainly composed of six words with flexible sentence patterns. At the same time, Chu dialect and myths and legends are widely used, which is full of romanticism.
Metaphorically, The Book of Songs and Songs of the South have their own characteristics.
Bixing techniques in The Book of Songs are mostly used to describe natural scenery and people. For example, in Guanju, "Guanju dove is in Hezhou. My fair lady, a gentleman is good at walking "to describe a lady and a gentleman is good at walking, and" Shuo Shuo Shuo "is used to describe the accusation against people who are greedy for money.
These figurative techniques mostly use common images in life to express the author's deep thinking about life and society.
In contrast, the figurative techniques in Chu Ci are more diverse. In addition to inheriting the metaphors in The Book of Songs, a large number of myths and historical stories are used as metaphors.
For example, in Lisao, the pursuit of noble aspirations is described as "the morning starts in the sky and the evening ends in the hanging garden", and in Jiuge, the pursuit of beautiful things is described as "picking Ficus pumila in the water and hibiscus flowers in the wood". These metaphors make poetry more imaginative and romantic.
In addition, the figurative techniques in Chu Ci also have regional characteristics. It uses a lot of Chu products and customs, such as "Mrs Xiang", "Mr Xiang", "Hebo" and "Who sent a brocade book". These words not only show the local customs, but also show the author's attachment to his native land.
Generally speaking, the differences between The Book of Songs and Songs of the South are mainly manifested in the choice of objects, the application of techniques and the style of poetry. The Book of Songs is mainly realistic, and often uses common images in life to express the author's feelings and social thinking.
The songs in the south are richer and more diverse. In addition to inheriting the techniques of The Book of Songs, it also adopts a large number of myths and legends, historical stories and regional elements as the control objects, which is full of romanticism. These differences make the two works have their own characteristics in expression and emotional expression, and become the classics of China literature.