"I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and sent this message to Longbiao Yaoyuan" is a poem written by the great Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai to express his anger and comfort for his friend Wang Changling who was demoted. The following is the original text, translation and appreciation of the ancient poem "Wen Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyao" that I carefully compiled. I hope you like it and welcome to read it. I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyuan had this message. Original text, translation and appreciation of the ancient poem 1
Original text:
Hearing that Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyuan had this message
Author: Li Bai
The poplar flowers have all fallen and Zigui cries, and he hears the dragon marking the way across the Five Streams.
I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon, and follow the wind to the west of the night.
Translation:
When the poplar flowers have finished falling and Zigui is crowing, I heard that you passed by Wuxi. I put my sad thoughts on the bright moon, hoping to accompany you to the west of Yelang with the wind.
Appreciation:
This is a short lyrical chapter of just four sentences, but the emotional weight is quite heavy. At the beginning, it selects two things with local characteristics to depict the late spring scene in southern China and create a sad and melancholy atmosphere. Poplars are catkins. Zigui is the alias of the cuckoo bird. According to legend, this bird is the spirit of Du Yu, King of Shu, and its song is very sad and moving. The dragon mark here refers to Wang Changling. It has been a trend among literati since the Tang Dynasty to use the official name as a title. The five streams are Chenxi, Youxi, Wuxi, Wuxi, and Yuanxi at the junction of Hunan and Guizhou. In the Tang Dynasty, this area was still regarded as a remote and barren land, and it was also where Wang Changling was going to be demoted. After reading these two poems, it is not difficult for us to imagine that the poet was traveling abroad in the late spring of March in the South, with catkins falling in front of his eyes and the sad cries of cuckoos in his ears. This situation is enough to make people sad, not to mention the unfortunate news that a friend has been banished far away? The first two sentences may seem plain, but they actually contain relatively rich content and play a multi-faceted role: they not only describe the season, but also describe the atmosphere, not only highlight the title, but also serve as a lyrical basis for the next two sentences.
The two sentences "I send my sorrowful heart and the bright moon, and follow you until the night in the west" closely follow the above and express the poet's feelings here and now. The word "jun" is written as "wind". The so-called "Yelang" here does not refer to the Yelang Kingdom of the Han Dynasty, but to the Yelang County of the Sui Dynasty, which should be in the Chenxi area of ????Hunan Province (see "Yudi Jisheng" Volume 71); and Longbiao It is just west of Chenxi, so there is a saying "until Yelangxi". The word "sorrowful heart" in the sentence also contains rich content and is worth pondering carefully. Why is the poet full of sorrow? It can be said that here there are deep worries about what happened to old friends, as well as indignation and grievances about the reality at that time, sincere thoughts, and sincere concern. Before Wang Changling was demoted, he was the Prime Minister of Jiangning. When he went to Longbiao, he went up the river from Jiangning (see Fu Xuancong's "A Collection of Poets of the Tang Dynasty"); the poet who was far away in Yangzhou and was uncertain about his travels naturally could not say goodbye to his old friend in person, so he had to leave a piece of I entrust my affection to the bright moon thousands of miles away, and express my longing for my old friend from a distance.
Using the bright moon to express the feeling of homesickness and longing for the distant past. This kind of association and expression technique has appeared more than once in Li Bai's previous poems. Bao Zhao's poem: "At three, five, two and eight o'clock, I am with you thousands of miles away." Tang Huixiu's "Poetry of Resentment": "The bright moon shines on the high building, and you are thousands of miles away." There is also a line in "Song of Midnight and Four O'clock" by Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties: "Look up at the bright moon. , the sentence of sending love to a thousand miles of light. But comparing them with these two poems by Li Bai, it can be said that Li Bai's poems are better than others. Poets of previous generations only thought of relatives and friends in other places after seeing the bright moon, or wanted to ask the moon to express their deep feelings. But here, Li Bai not only asked the moon to express his feelings, but also asked the bright moon to be his substitute, accompanied by the unfortunate misfortune. The friend went all the way to a remote and desolate place west of Yelang. The author of "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left to Longbiao, and there is this message from afar" is Li Bai, who is known as Selected into the 13th volume of Volume 172 of "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty". This poem "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and sent this message to Long Biaoyuan" was probably written in 753 AD (the twelfth year of Tianbao by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty). At that time, Wang Changling was demoted from Jiangning Cheng to Lieutenant of Longbiao County (now Qianyang County, Hunan Province). Li Bai wrote this poem after hearing that his friend was demoted in Yangzhou.
Original text
I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao to the left, and I sent this message from afar ⑴
Author: Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
"Yang Hua Luo Zi Gui" Cry⑵, I heard the dragon marking the road crossing Wuxi⑶.
I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon⑷, and follow the wind to the west of Ye Langxi⑸.
Notes
⑴Wang Changling: A poet of the Tang Dynasty, he was demoted to Longbiao County Captain during the Tianbao (Tang Xuanzong reign, 742-756) period. Move to the left: demoted, demoted. The ancients respected the right and subordinated the left, so they called demotion to the left. Longbiao: an ancient place name, a county established in the Tang Dynasty, now Longli Township, Jinping County, Guizhou Province, where Longbiao Academy is now preserved.
⑵ Yanghua: catkins. Zigui: It is a cuckoo bird. According to legend, its cry is sad and mournful. All the poplar flowers have fallen: One work is "Flowers Falling in Yangzhou".
⑶Longbiao: Refers to Wang Changling in the poem. The ancients often used the official position or the name of the state or county where he held the official to refer to a person. Wuxi: It is the general name of Wuxi, Wuxi, Youxi, Yuanxi and Chenxi, located in the east of Guizhou and the west of Hunan.
⑷With: Give.
⑸Suifeng: One is "Suijun". Yelang: During the Han Dynasty, ethnic minorities in southwestern China established political power in parts of present-day western and northern Guizhou, northeastern Yunnan and southern Sichuan, and were called Yelang. During the Tang Dynasty, Yelang County was established in today's Tongzi, Guizhou, and Yuanling, Hunan. This refers to Yelang in Hunan. Li Bai was in the southeast at that time, so he said, "Follow the wind until you reach the west of Yelang." Jinping is located in the east of Guizhou and west of Hunan, so you "follow the wind until you reach the west of Yelang."
I place my sad thoughts on the bright moon,
I hope to accompany you to the west of Yelang with the wind.
Appreciation
This poem has always been well-known. Just as Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty highly praised it in Volume 6 of "Shi Sou", "It has the meaning of blazing the eight poles and reaching the nine heavens."
"New Book of Tang Dynasty. Biography of Literature and Art" records that Wang Changling moved to the left as Long Biaowei (the ancients favored the right, so the demoted official was called Zuoqian) because he "did not protect his meticulous conduct." In other words, he offended and demoted the official. , not because of any major problems, but just because of lack of care in small aspects of life. In "Farewell to Xin Jian at the Furong Tower", Wang Changling also said to his good friend: "As friends and relatives in Luoyang ask each other, a heart of ice is in a jade pot." That is to follow the metaphor of "as clear as ice in a jade pot" in Bao Zhao's "Baitou Yin" , to show one's purity and innocence. It is completely understandable that after Li Bai heard about his unfortunate experience, he wrote this poem full of sympathy and concern and sent it to him from afar.
The first sentence describes the scene and highlights the season. The wandering poplar flowers alone in the scenery and the words "It's better to go back" contained the feeling of wandering and the hatred of separation. They fit the situation at that time and blended into the scene. Because the first sentence has already seen the scene, the second sentence directly narrates the incident. "Wen Dao" means surprise and pity. "Crossing the Five Streams", I saw that the desolate place of relocation was far away and the road was difficult. There are no words of sorrow, but the meaning of sorrow is obvious.
The last two sentences are lyrical. People separated by two places find it difficult to follow each other, but the moon shines in the sky and can travel thousands of miles away, so you should send your sorrow to the bright moon and let it float with the wind to Yelang. The artistic conception expressed in these two poems has been seen in some famous works before. For example, Xie Zhuang's "Moon Ode": "The beauty is so tall that there is no sound in the dust, thousands of miles away, there is a bright moon. She sighs in the wind and is about to rest, the river road is long and cannot be crossed." Cao Zhi's "Miscellaneous Poems": "Wish to be the scenery of the south. , Chi Guang sees you. "Zhang Ruoxu's "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night": "At this time, we look at each other and don't hear each other, and I hope that the moonlight will shine on you." They are all similar. Upon closer analysis, there are three meanings in the two sentences. One is that my heart is full of sorrow, and I have nothing to tell and no one understands. I can only entrust this sorrow to the bright moon; the other is that only the bright moon can separate me. According to the two places, he and his friends can see her; the third is that, therefore, he can only rely on her to express his sorrow, and there is no other way.
The poet Li Bai used rich imagination to describe like-minded friendship in the form of love between men and women, giving the abstract "sorrowful heart" the attribute of an object, so that it would follow the wind and the moon to the west of the night. The originally ignorant and ruthless Mingyue turned into an intimate person who understood herself and was full of sympathy. She was able and willing to accept her request, and brought her thoughts and sympathy for her friends to the far west of Yelang and handed them over to her. The unfortunate exile.
This kind of giving one's own feelings to objective things, making them also have feelings, that is, making them personified, is one of the great characteristics and advantages of image thinking. When poets need to express strong or deep emotions, they often use such a method to achieve the desired effect.
Introduction to the author
Li Bai (February 28, 701 - 762), courtesy name Taibai, Qinglian Jushi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, known as the "Poetry Immortal", the greatest Romantic poet. Han nationality, born in Suiye City in the Western Regions (today's Tokmak, Kyrgyzstan). At the age of 5, he moved with his father to Changlong County, Mianzhou (Brazil County), Jiannan Road (renamed Changming County in 712, now Qinglian, Jiangyou City, Mianyang, Sichuan). Township), his ancestral home is Chengji County, Longxi County (now south of Jingning County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province). His father, Li Ke, raised two sons (Boqin and Tianran) and one daughter (Pingyang). There are more than a thousand poems and articles in existence, and his representative works include "The Road to Shu is Difficult", "The Road is Difficult to Travel", "Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Farewell", "About to Enter the Wine" and other poems, and the "Collection of Li Taibai" has been handed down to the world. He died of illness in Dangtu, Anhui in 762 at the age of 61.
Li Bai's poetry creation has a strong subjective color, which mainly focuses on expressing heroic spirit and passionate feelings, and rarely gives detailed descriptions of objective things and specific times. His free and uninhibited temperament, his arrogant and independent personality, his easy-to-touch and explosive strong emotions form the distinctive characteristics of Li Bai's lyrical style of poetry. He tends to be eruptive. Once his emotions are aroused, they rush out without restraint, like a violent surge in the sky and an erupting volcano. His imagination is strange, often has unusual connections, and changes with the flow of emotions.